Yintoni polydactyly, izizathu ezinokubakho kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• Iindidi polydactyly
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Izinketho zonyango

I-Polydactyly kukukhubazeka okwenzeka xa omnye okanye ngaphezulu iminwe eyongezelelweyo izalwa esandleni okanye elunyaweni kwaye inokubangelwa kukuguqulwa kwemfuza, oko kukuthi, izakhi zofuzo ezinoxanduva lolu tshintsho zinokudluliselwa zisuka kubazali ziye ebantwaneni.

Olu tshintsho lunokuba ziindidi ezininzi, ezinje nge-syndromic polydactyly eyenzeka kubantu abane-syndromes ezithile zemfuza, kunye ne-polydactyly eyedwa ekuthi xa kuguqulwe ufuzo kwenzeka ngokunxulumene nokubonakala kweminwe eyongezelelweyo. I-polydactyly ekhethiweyo inokuhlelwa njenge-pre-axial, central okanye post-axial.

Ingafunyanwa sele ikhulelwe, ngokusebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound kunye nolofuzo, ke ngexesha lokukhulelwa kubalulekile ukwenza ukhathalelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka kunye nokulandelwa kwengcali yokubelekisa, kwaye unyango luxhomekeke kwindawo ye-polydactyly kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, utyando ukususa umnwe ongezelelweyo.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

Ngexesha lokuphuhliswa komntwana esibelekweni sikanina, ukwakheka kwezandla kwenzeka kude kube yiveki yesithandathu okanye yesixhenxe yokukhulelwa kwaye ukuba, kweli nqanaba, naluphi na utshintsho lwenzeka, le nkqubo yokwakha inokuphazamiseka, ekhokelela ekuveleni kweminwe emininzi. Esandleni okanye elunyaweni, oko kukuthi, polydactyly.

Uninzi lwexesha, i-polydactyly yenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, nangona kunjalo, ezinye iziphene kwimfuza egqithiselwa isuka kubazali iye ebantwaneni okanye ubukho be-syndromes yemfuza bunokunxulumana nokubonakala kweminwe eyongezelelweyo.

Ngapha koko, oonobangela abanxulumene nokubonakala kwe-polydactyly abaziwa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa olunye uphononongo lubonisa ukuba abantwana be-Afro-inzala, oomama abanesifo seswekile okanye abasebenzisa i-thalidomide ngexesha lokukhulelwa banokuba semngciphekweni wokuba neminwe eyongezelelweyo ezandleni nasezinyaweni. .

Iindidi polydactyly

Zimbini iintlobo ze-polydactyly, ezinje zodwa, ezenzeka xa ukuguqulwa kwemfuza kuguqula inani leminwe ezandleni okanye ezinyaweni, kunye ne-syndromic polydactyly eyenzeka kubantu abane-syndromes yemfuza, njenge-Greig's syndrome okanye i-Down's syndrome , umzekelo. Funda nzulu malunga ne-Down syndrome kunye nezinye izinto.

I-polydactyly ehlukanisiweyo ihlelwe kwiindidi ezintathu:

• Ngaphambi kwe-axial: Kwenzeka xa omnye okanye nangaphezulu kuzalwa kwicala lesithupha elunyaweni okanye lesandla;
• Ephakathi: kubandakanya ukukhula kweminwe eyongezelelweyo embindini wesandla okanye unyawo, kodwa luhlobo olunqabileyo kakhulu;
• Iposi-yezihlunu: lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo, lwenzeka xa umnwe ongaphezulu uzalwa ecaleni komnwe omncinci, isandla okanye unyawo.

Ukongeza, kumbindi we-polydactyly, olunye uhlobo lotshintsho kwimfuza, olunjengokuhlangana, kuhlala kwenzeka, xa kuzalwa iminwe eyongezelelweyo incamathele ndawonye.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuchongwa kwe-polydactyly kunokwenziwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngokusebenzisa i-ultrasound kwikota yokuqala yokukhulelwa, ke kubalulekile ukuba ugcine umntu obelethayo kwaye unonophele ngaphambi kokubeleka.

Ngamanye amaxesha, xa ugqirha ekrokrela ukuba unesifo emntwaneni, ukuvavanywa kwemfuza kunye nokuqokelelwa kwembali yempilo yosapho kunokucetyiswa kubazali.

Emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe, iimvavanyo azidingeki ukuba zichonge i-polydactyly, njengoko inguquko ebonakalayo, nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wabantwana okanye ugqirha wamazinyo unokucela i-X-ray ukuba ijonge ukuba iminwe eyongezelelweyo ixhunyiwe na kweminye iminwe eqhelekileyo ngamathambo okanye imithambo-luvo. Ukongeza, ukuba utyando olongezelelweyo lokususa umnwe lubonakalisiwe, ugqirha unokuyalela eminye imiboniso kunye nokuvavanywa kwegazi.

Izinketho zonyango

Unyango lwe-polydactyly luboniswa ngugqirha wamathambo kwaye luxhomekeke kwindawo kunye nendlela umnwe ongezelelweyo odityaniswe ngayo neminye iminwe, njengoko benokwabelana ngemithambo, imisipha kunye namathambo ezizinto ezibalulekileyo zokuhamba kwezandla neenyawo.

Xa umnwe ongaphezulu ubekwe kwi-pinky kwaye yenziwe kuphela ngolusu kunye namanqatha, olona nyango lufanelekileyo lutyando kwaye luhlala lusenziwa kubantwana ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-2 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, xa umnwe ongaphezulu ufakwa kubhontsi, utyando lunokuboniswa, nangona kunjalo, kuhlala kunzima ngakumbi, njengoko kufuna inkathalo enkulu ukuze kungathinteli ubuntununtunu kunye nokuma komnwe.

Ngamanye amaxesha, abantu abadala abangakhange basuse umnwe ongezelelweyo njengomntwana, banokukhetha ukungalwenzi utyando, kuba ukuba nomnwe omnye ongaphezulu akubangeli naziphi na iingxaki zempilo.