I-Mitral valve prolapse: yintoni, uyichonga njani kwaye uyiphatha njani

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Ngaba i-mitral valve prolapse inzima?
• Oonobangela be-mitral valve prolapse
• Indlela yokuchonga
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-mitral valve prolapse lutshintsho olukhoyo kwi-mitral valve, esisivalo senhliziyo esenziwe ziincwadana ezimbini, ethi, xa ivaliwe, yahlule i-atrium yasekhohlo kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo yentliziyo.

I-mitral valve prolapse ibonakaliswa kukusilela ukuvala amaphecana e-mitral, apho enye okanye zombini iincwadana zinokubonisa ukufuduka okungaqhelekanga ngexesha lokuncipha kwekhohlo lasekhohlo. Ukuvalwa okungaqhelekanga kunokuququzelela ukuhamba okungafanelekanga kwegazi ukusuka kwi-ventricle ekhohlo ukuya kwi-atrium yasekhohlo, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-mitral regurgitation.

Utshintsho oluqhelekileyo kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi luyi-asymptomatic kwaye aluyilimazi impilo, kwaye lunokwenzeka kumadoda nabasetyhini.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-mitral valve prolapse yi-asymptomatic kwaye ifunyenwe ngexesha le-echocardiogram yesiqhelo. Xa ukufunyanwa kwe-ultrasound yokuqengqeleka kunxulunyaniswa nobukho beempawu kunye nokuqaqamba kwentliziyo yokumbombozela, yaziwa njenge-mitral prolapse syndrome.

Iimpawu eziphambili ezinokuthi zibonise ukuba i-mitral valve prolapse ziintlungu zesifuba, ukubetha kwentliziyo, ubuthathaka kunye nokuphefumla kancinci emva kokusebenza, ukuba ndindisholo emilenzeni kunye nokuphefumla nzima xa ulele phantsi. Funda malunga nezinye iimpawu ze-mitral valve prolapse.

Ngaba i-mitral valve prolapse inzima?

Ukuqhubela phambili kwevalve ye-mitral kwiimeko ezininzi ayinzima kwaye ayinazimpawu, kwaye ke akufuneki ichaphazele indlela yokuphila ngendlela engalunganga. Xa kuvela iimpawu, zinokunyangwa zilawulwe ngamayeza notyando. Kuphela yi-1% yezigulana ezine-mitral valve prolapse eya kuyenza mandundu ingxaki, kwaye inokufuna utyando ukuze kutshintshwe ivalve kwixa elizayo.

Xa i-mitral prolapse inkulu kakhulu, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokubuyela kwegazi kwi-atrium yasekhohlo, enokuthi iyenze mandundu imeko ngakumbi. Kule meko, ukuba ayinyangwa ngokuchanekileyo, inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinje ngokusuleleka kwezivalo zentliziyo, ukuvuza ngamandla kwe-mitral valve kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga, kunye ne-arrhythmias eqatha.

Oonobangela be-mitral valve prolapse

Ukuqhubekeka kwevalve ye-mitral kunokwenzeka ngenxa yotshintsho kwimfuza, ukuhanjiswa kusuka kubazali kuye ebantwaneni, kuthathelwa ingqalelo njengonobangela welifa, okanye ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwayo, ukuvela ngaphandle kwesizathu (oyena nobangela).

Ukongeza, i-mitral valve prolapse inokwenzeka ngenxa yokuhlangana nezinye izifo, ezinje ngesifo seMaritima, isifo sentliziyo, i-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, izifo ezinzulu, isifo sezintso se-polycystic kunye ne-rheumatic fever. Ukongeza, inokwenzeka emva kotyando lwe-mitral valve.

Indlela yokuchonga

Ukuchongwa kwe-mitral valve prolapse yenziwa yi-cardiologist esekwe kwimbali yesigulana kunye neempawu zayo, ukongeza kwiimviwo ezinje nge-echocardiography kunye nokuqaqanjelwa yentliziyo, apho kuvavanywa ukushukuma kunye nokuphumla kwentliziyo.

Ngexesha lokuqaqanjelwa ziintliziyo, isandi esivelisayo esaziwa njenge-mesosystolic cofa kuvakala kwakamsinya emva kokuqala kothintelo lwe-ventricle. Ukuba igazi libuyela kwi-atrium yasekhohlo ngenxa yokuvalwa okungafanelekanga kwevalvevu, ukumbombozela kwentliziyo kunokuviwa emva kokucofa.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-mitral valve prolapse ihlala ayimfuneko xa kungekho zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuvela iimpawu, iingcali zentliziyo zingacebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe amanye amayeza ukulawula iimpawu, ezinje ngeziyobisi ezichasayo, umzekelo, ezinceda ukulawula ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga kunye nokuthintela i-tachycardia ye-ventricular enokwenzeka kwezinye iimeko ezinqabileyo ze-mitral valve prolapse.

Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza okuhambisa umchamo kunokucetyiswa ukunceda ukususa ulwelo oluninzi olubuyela kwimiphunga, i-beta-blockers, kwimeko yokubetha kwesifuba okanye iintlungu, kunye ne-anticoagulants, enceda ukuthintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, apho kukho ukuvuza okukhulu kwegazi kwi-atrium yasekhohlo, utyando luyimfuneko ukulungisa okanye ukubuyisela i-mitral valve.