Ngaba Ungatya I-Tuna eluhlaza? Izibonelelo kunye neengozi

Umxholo

• Iindidi kunye nokutya kwetyhuna
• Ngamana unezidudu
• Ngaba inokuphakama ngemekyuri
• Ngubani ongafanele ayitye ityhuya eluhlaza?
• Ungayitya njani ngokukhuselekileyo ityiwa eluhlaza
• Umgca wezantsi

I-Tuna ihlala ikhonzwa iluhlaza okanye ayiphekwanga kwaphela kwiivenkile zokutyela nakwi-sushi.

Le ntlanzi isondlo kakhulu kwaye inokubonelela ngezibonelelo ezininzi zempilo, kodwa usenokuzibuza ukuba ingaba ukuyitya iluhlaza kukhuselekile na.

Eli nqaku liphonononge ubungozi obunokubakho bokutya ityhukhu eluhlaza, kunye nokuba ungayonwabela njani ngokukhuselekileyo.

Iindidi kunye nokutya kwetyhuna

I-Tuna yintlanzi yetyuwa esetyenziselwa ukutya kwiindawo zokutya kwihlabathi liphela.

Kukho iindidi ngeendidi, kubandakanya i-skipjack, albacore, yellowfin, bluefin, kunye ne-bigeye. Ziyahluka ngokobungakanani, umbala, kunye nencasa ().

I-Tuna yiprotheni enesondlo kakhulu. Ngapha koko, ii-ounces ezi-2 (56 iigrem) zetyhuna ye-albacore iqulethe ():

• Iikhalori: 70
• IiCarbs: 0 iigramu
• Iprotheni: Iigrama ezili-13
• Amafutha: 2 iigrem

Uninzi lwamafutha etyhuna luvela kwi-omega-3 fatty acids, ebalulekileyo entliziyweni nasengqondweni kwaye inokunceda ukulwa nokudumba ().

I-Tuna iqulethe i-iron, i-potassium kunye ne-B. Ngapha koko, ngumthombo obalaseleyo we-selenium, umkhondo wezimbiwa osebenza njenge-antioxidant kwaye unokunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunye nezinye iimeko ezingapheliyo (,).

Ityhuna enkonkxiweyo iyaphekwa ngexesha lokulungiswa, ngelixa ityhuna esandula kudla ngokuhanjiswa kunqabile okanye eluhlaza.

Ityhuya ekrwada sisithako esiqhelekileyo kwisushi kunye nesashimi, ezizitya zaseJapan ezenziwe ngokudityaniswa kwerayisi, intlanzi eluhlaza, imifuno kunye nolwandle.

I-Tuna yiprotein ecekeceke equlathe i-omega-3 fatty acids kunye neevithamini kunye neeminerals. Ihlala iphakwa iluhlaza okanye ayipheki kwaphela kodwa ikwafumaneka enkonkxiweyo.

Ngamana unezidudu

Nangona ityhuna isondlo kakhulu, ukuyitya ikrwada kunokuba nemingcipheko.

Kungenxa yokuba intlanzi eluhlaza inokuba nezidleleleli, ezinje nge Opisthorchiidae kwaye Anisakadie, ezinokubangela izifo ebantwini (6,).

Kuxhomekeke kudidi, iiparasites kwintlanzi eluhlaza zinokukhokelela kwizifo ezibangelwa kukutya, ziphawulwe ngosulelo lwamathumbu olubangela urhudo, ukugabha, umkhuhlane kunye neempawu ezinxulumene noko ().

Olunye uphononongo lufumanise ukuba i-64% yeesampulu zetyhuna encinci ye-Pacific bluefin evela kumanzi aseJapan asulelekile Kudoa hexapunctata, sisidleleli esikhokelela kurhudo ebantwini ().

Olunye uphononongo luchaze iziphumo ezifanayo kwaye lubonise ukuba iisampulu zazo zombini i-bluefin kunye ne-yellowfin ityhuna evela kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki zinezinye izidlele ezivela Kudoa usapho olwaziwayo ukuba lubangela ityhefu yokutya ().

Okokugqibela, uphononongo olwenziwe kwi-tuna olusuka emanzini aselunxwemeni lwe-Iran lufumanise ukuba i-89% yeesampulu inesifo sezidleleli ezinokuncamathisela esiswini nasemathunjini, zibangele i-anisakiasis - isifo esiphawulwe zizitulo ezinegazi, ukugabha, kunye nentlungu esiswini ( ,).

Umngcipheko wosulelo lwe-parasitic oluvela kwityhuna kunokwenzeka ukuba luxhomekeke kwindawo ekubanjiswa kuyo iintlanzi. Ngaphezulu, ukuphatha nokulungiselela kunokumisela ukuba izidleleli ziyadlula na.

Uninzi lwee-parasites zingabulawa ngokupheka okanye ukuqhwa ().

Ke ngoko, usulelo lwe-parasitic oluvela kwi-tuna eluhlaza lunokuthintelwa ngokusingathwa ngokufanelekileyo.

Ityhuya ekrwada inokuba nezidleleli ezinokubangela ukugula okubangelwa kukutya ebantwini, kodwa ezi zinokupheliswa ngokupheka okanye ngumkhenkce.

Ngaba inokuphakama ngemekyuri

Ezinye iintlobo zetyhuna zinokuphakama nge-mercury, esisinyithi esinzima esijikeleza emanzini olwandle ngenxa yongcoliseko. Iyaqokelelwa kwityhuna ngokuhamba kwexesha, njengoko intlanzi iphezulu kwindawo yokutya, isitya iintlanzi ezincinci ezinamanani ahlukeneyo e-mercury ().

Ngenxa yoko, iindidi ezinkulu zetyhuna, ezinje ngealbacore, yellowfin, bluefin, kunye bigeye, zihlala ziphezulu kwimekyuri ().

Uninzi lwetyhuna enikwa ikrwada njengee-steaks okanye i-sushi kunye ne-sashimi zivela kwezi ntlobo.

Ngapha koko, olunye uphando oluvavanye iisampulu ze-sushi eziluhlaza eziyi-100 kumantla mpuma e-United States zafumanisa ukuba umxholo we-mercury ungaphezulu komndilili we-mercury e-United States nase-Japan (16).

Ukutya kakhulu ityiwa eluhlaza kungakhokelela kumanqanaba aphezulu e-mercury emzimbeni wakho, kunokubangela imiba yezempilo, kubandakanya ukonakala kwengqondo kunye nentliziyo (16,,).

Ezinye iindidi zetyhuna eluhlaza, ngakumbi i-bigeye kunye ne-bluefin, zinokuba phezulu kakhulu kwi-mercury. Ukutya i-mercury eninzi kunokonakalisa ingqondo nentliziyo yakho kwaye kukhokelele kwimicimbi yezempilo.

Ngubani ongafanele ayitye ityhuya eluhlaza?

Abafazi abakhulelweyo nabancancisayo, abantwana, abantu abadala, kunye nabantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka, njengaleyo yonyango lomhlaza, akufuneki batye ityhuna eluhlaza.

Aba bantu basemngciphekweni owandayo wezifo ezibangelwa kukutya ukuba zichanabeke kwizidleleli ezivela kwityhuna eluhlaza okanye engaphekwanga.

Ngapha koko, abasetyhini abakhulelweyo nabancancisayo kunye nabantwana ngabona basesichengeni semiphumela ye-mercury kwaye ngenxa yoko kufuneka banciphise okanye bathintele zombini ityiwa eluhlaza kunye nephekiweyo).

Nangona kunjalo, bonke abantu abadala kufanelekile ukuba balumke malunga nokusetyenziswa kwetyhuna, njengoko uninzi lweentlobo zigqitha kumda wosetyenziso lwe-mercury olucetyiswe ngabasemagunyeni kwezempilo e-United States nakwamanye amazwe ().

Zombini ityhuwa eluhlaza kunye nephekiweyo kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokumodareyitha.

Okwangoku, abantu abadala kufuneka batye ii-ounces ezingama-3-5 (85-140 gram) zentlanzi amaxesha ama-2-3 ngeveki ukufumana i-omega-3 fatty acids eyaneleyo. Ukuhlangabezana nesi siphakamiso, gxila kwiintlanzi ezisezantsi kwi-mercury, ezinje nge-salmon, ikhowudi, okanye unonkala, kunye nokunciphisa ityhuna kunyango lwesiqhelo ().

Abafazi abakhulelweyo nabancancisayo, abantwana, abantu abadala, kunye nabantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka banokuchaphazeleka ikakhulu kwizifo ze-parasitic kunye ne-mercury kwaye kufuneka bayiphephe ityhuna eluhlaza.

Ungayitya njani ngokukhuselekileyo ityiwa eluhlaza

Ukupheka ityhuna yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokususa iiparasites kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokugula okubangelwa kukutya. Okwangoku, kunokwenzeka ukuba uyitye ngokukhuselekileyo ityhuna eluhlaza.

Ulawulo lwezoKutya kunye neDrug (i-FDA) icebisa ukuba iqhwaqwe ityiwa eluhlaza ngenye yezi ndlela zilandelayo yokuphelisa iiparasites ():

• kubanda kwi -4 ℉ (-20 ℃) ​​okanye ngezantsi kangangeentsuku ezisi-7
• ukubanda ngo -31 ° F (-35 ° C) okanye ngaphantsi kude kube yomelele kwaye igcinwe -31 ° F (-35 ° C) okanye ngezantsi iiyure ezili-15
• Umkhenkce ngo -31 ° F (-35 ° C) okanye ngaphantsi ude ube uqinile kwaye ugcinwe -4 ° F (-20 ° C) okanye ngezantsi iiyure ezingama-24

Ityhuna ekrwada efriziweyo kufuneka ichithwe kwifriji ngaphambi kokuba ityiwe.

Ukulandela le ndlela kuya kubulala uninzi lwee-parasites, kodwa umngcipheko omncinci uhlala ukuba ayizizo zonke iiparasites ezisuswe.

Uninzi lweendawo zokutyela ezisebenzela i-sushi okanye ezinye iintlobo zetyhuna eluhlaza zilandela iingcebiso ze-FDA malunga nokuqandisa.

Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokuba ityhuna yakho eluhlaza yalungiswa njani, cela ulwazi oluthe kratya kwaye uqiniseke ukuba uyitya kuphela ityhukhu eluhlaza kwiindawo zokutyela ezaziwayo.

Ukuba uceba ukwenza isitya se-tuna esiluhlaza ekhaya, jonga umthengisi weentlanzi owaziwayo onolwazi ngemvelaphi yentlanzi yakhe nendlela ephathwa ngayo.

Ityhuya ekrwada ikhuselekile ukuba ingatyiwa ukuba ibinqabile ukubulala ii-parasites ngokuhambelana nezikhokelo ze-FDA.

Umgca wezantsi

Ityhuya ekrwada ngokubanzi ikhuselekile xa iphathwa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye iqabile ukuphelisa iiparasites.

I-Tuna inesondlo kakhulu, kodwa ngenxa yamanqanaba aphezulu e-mercury kwiintlobo ezithile, kungcono ukuyitya ityiwa eluhlaza ngokuphakathi.

Abafazi abakhulelweyo nabancancisayo, abantwana, abantu abadala, kunye nabo banamajoni omzimba abuthathaka kufuneka bayiphephe ityhuna eluhlaza.