Iwayini ebomvu: Ngaba ilungile okanye imbi?

Umxholo

• Yintoni iwayini ebomvu kwaye yenziwa njani?
• Ipharadox yaseFrance
• Iwayini ebomvu iqulethe iikhompawundi zezityalo ezinamandla kunye neantioxidants, kubandakanya iResveratrol
• Iwayini ebomvu inokuthi yehlise umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo, ukubetha nokufa kwangoko
• Ezinye izibonelelo zeMpilo yokusela iwayini ebomvu
• Iziphumo ezibi zeMpilo kukusela kakhulu utywala
• Ngaba Ufanele Uyisele Iwayini Ebomvu? Ukuba Ewe, Yimalini?
• Thatha uMyalezo waseKhaya

Izibonelelo zezempilo zewayini ebomvu ziye zaxoxwa ixesha elithile.

Uninzi lukholelwa ukuba iglasi suku ngalunye yinxalenye yokutya okusempilweni, ngelixa abanye becinga ukuba iwayini ithe kratya.

Izifundo ziye zabonisa kaninzi ukuba ukulinganisela ukusebenzisa iwayini ebomvu kubonakala kunciphisa umngcipheko wezifo ezininzi, kubandakanya isifo sentliziyo.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho umgca ococekileyo phakathi kokutya okuphakathi kunye nokugqithisa.

Eli nqaku lijonga ngokucacileyo iwayini ebomvu kunye nemiphumo yempilo.

Yintoni iwayini ebomvu kwaye yenziwa njani?

Iwayini ebomvu yenziwa ngokutyumza kunye nokubila umbala omnyama, iidiliya ezipheleleyo.

Zininzi iindidi zewayini ebomvu, ezohluka ngokokungcamla nangombala. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ziquka iShiraz, Merlot, Cabernet sauvignon, Pinot noir kunye ne Zinfandel.

Umxholo wotywala uhlala uvela kwi-12-15%.

Ukusetyenziswa kwesixa esimiselweyo sewayini ebomvu kuye kwaboniswa ukuba kunezibonelelo zempilo. Oku ikakhulu kungenxa yomxholo wayo ophezulu wee-antioxidants ezinamandla.

Utywala kwiwayini bakholelwa ukuba buya kuba negalelo kwezinye izibonelelo zokusetyenziswa kwewayini ngokulinganayo ().

Iwayini ebomvu yenziwa ngokufaka umbala omnyama, iidiliya ezipheleleyo. Iphezulu kwii-antioxidants, kwaye ukusela isixa esilinganiselweyo kubonisiwe kulungile empilweni.

Ipharadox yaseFrance

Iwayini ebomvu kudla ngokukholelwa ukuba yiyo ebangela “impambano yaseFrance.”

Eli binzana libhekisa ekuqwalaseleni ukuba amaFrentshi anezinga eliphantsi lesifo sentliziyo, ngaphandle kokutya amanqatha amaninzi kunye ne-cholesterol ().

Ezinye iingcali zazikholelwa ekubeni iwayini ebomvu yayiyinto yokutya ekhusela abantu baseFrance kwiziphumo eziyingozi zezi zondlo.

Nangona kunjalo, uphononongo olutsha lubonakalisile ukuba i-cholesterol yokutya kunye namanqatha agcweleyo awasibangeli isifo sentliziyo xa sityiwe ngesixa esifanelekileyo (3,).

Isizathu esiyinyani esibangela impilo elungileyo yamaFrentshi mhlawumbi kukuba batya ukutya okupheleleyo kwaye baphila ubomi obuphilileyo ngokubanzi.

Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuba iwayini ebomvu inoxanduva kwimpilo yabantu baseFrance kwaye yeyona nkcazo iphambili kwesi siFrentshi.

Iwayini ebomvu iqulethe iikhompawundi zezityalo ezinamandla kunye neantioxidants, kubandakanya iResveratrol

Iidiliya zityebile kwii-antioxidants ezininzi. Oku kubandakanya i-resveratrol, ikatekini, i-epicatechin kunye neproanthocyanidins ().

Ezi antioxidants, ngakumbi i-resveratrol kunye neproanthocyanidins, kukholelwa ukuba zinoxanduva kwizibonelelo zempilo zewayini ebomvu.

Iproanthocyanidins inokunciphisa umonakalo we-oxidative emzimbeni. Banokukunceda ukuthintela isifo sentliziyo kunye nomhlaza (,,).

I-Resveratrol ifumaneka kulusu lomdiliya. Iveliswa kwezinye izityalo, njengempendulo yomonakalo okanye yokwenzakala (9).

Le antioxidant inxulunyaniswe nezibonelelo ezininzi zempilo, kubandakanya ukulwa nokudumba kunye nokujiya kwegazi, kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunye nomhlaza. I-Resveratrol inokwenza izilwanyana zovavanyo ziphile ixesha elide (,,).

Nangona kunjalo, umxholo we-resveratrol yewayini ebomvu usezantsi. Kuya kufuneka usebenzise iibhotile ezininzi ngosuku ukufikelela kwisixa esisetyenzisiweyo kwizifundo zezilwanyana. Oku akucetyiswa, ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo (,).

Ukuba usela iwayini ngenxa yomxholo we-resveratrol, ukuyifumana kwisongezelelo kunokuba yinto efanelekileyo.

Izinto ezinamandla zesityalo kwiwayini ebomvu ziye zadityaniswa nezibonelelo ezininzi zempilo, kubandakanya ukunciphisa ukudumba, umngcipheko ophantsi wesifo sentliziyo kunye nomhlaza, kunye nobude bexesha lokuphila.

Iwayini ebomvu inokuthi yehlise umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo, ukubetha nokufa kwangoko

Inani elincinci lewayini ebomvu linxulunyaniswe neenzuzo zempilo ngakumbi kunaso nasiphi na esinye isiselo esinxilisayo (,,).

Kubonakala ngathi kukho igophe elimile njengo-J elichaza ubudlelwane phakathi kokutya iwayini kunye nomngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo.

Abantu abasela malunga ne-150 ml (5 oz) yewayini ebomvu ngosuku babonakala benomngcipheko ophantsi ngama-32% kunabo bangaseliyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukutya okuphezulu kukonyusa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kakhulu (,).

Ukusela intwana yewayini ebomvu kunokunciphisa ingozi yesifo sentliziyo ngokunceda ukugcina "okuhle" i-HDL cholesterol egazini. Umonakalo we-oxidative kunye ne-oxidation ye-cholesterol "embi" ye-LDL inokuncitshiswa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50% (,,,).

Olunye uphononongo lubonisa ukuba abantu abasele besemngciphekweni omkhulu wesifo sentliziyo, njengabantu abadala, banokuzuza ngakumbi ekusetyenzisweni kwewayini ().

Ngapha koko, ukusela i-1-3 yeiglasi zewayini ebomvu ngosuku, iintsuku ezingama-3 ukuya kwezi-4 zeveki, kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokubetha kwamadoda aphakathi (,).

Olunye uphononongo lukwabonisa ukuba ukutya iiglasi ezi-2-3 zewayini ebomvu ezinxilisayo ngemini kunokwehlisa uxinzelelo lwegazi ().

Izifundo ezininzi zibonise ukuba abaseli bewayini ngokulinganayo basemngciphekweni wokufa ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo, xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abangaseliyo okanye ibhiya kunye nabasela utywala (,,,,,).

Ukusela iiglasi eziyi-1-2 zewayini ebomvu suku ngalunye kunokuwunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunye nokufa icala. Nangona kunjalo, imali eninzi inokuwunyusa umngcipheko.

Ezinye izibonelelo zeMpilo yokusela iwayini ebomvu

Iwayini ebomvu inxulunyaniswe nezinye izibonelelo zezempilo, uninzi lwazo lubangelwa zii-antioxidants zayo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwewayini ebomvu kunxulunyaniswa:

• Ukwehlisa umngcipheko womhlaza: Izifundo zibonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa ngokulinganayo kwewayini kunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko wokuhla komhlaza, kubandakanya ikholoni, iseli yesiseko, isibeleko kunye nomhlaza wamadlala endlala yesibindi (,,,).
• Ukwehlisa umngcipheko wesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo: Ukusela iiglasi ze-1-3 zewayini ngosuku kunxulunyaniswe nomngcipheko wokunciphisa isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo kunye nesifo se-Alzheimer's (,).
• Ukwehlisa umngcipheko woxinzelelo: Isifundo sabantu abadala kunye nabantu abadala babonisa ukuba abo basela iiglasi ze-2-7 zewayini ngeveki babengenamathuba okuba noxinzelelo (,).
• Ukunciphisa ukunganyangeki kwi-insulin: Ukusela iiglasi ezi-2 ngemini yewayini ebomvu okanye enxiliswe ngotywala iiveki ezi-4 kunokunciphisa ukunganyangeki kwe-insulin (,).
• Ukuncitshiswa komngcipheko wohlobo lweswekile 2 kubafazi: Ukusetyenziswa okuphakathi kwewayini ebomvu kunxulunyaniswe nomngcipheko ocuthayo wokuphuhliswa kweswekile yohlobo lwesibini kwabasetyhini ().

Kubonakala kucacile ukuba inani eliphakathi lewayini elibomvu lingakulungela. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezithile ezimbi ezifanele ziqwalaselwe, ezixoxwa ngezantsi.

Ukusela iwayini ebomvu ngokuphakathi kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wee-cancer, isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo kunye noxinzelelo. Inokonyusa ubuntununtunu be-insulin kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nohlobo lwesibini seswekile kubafazi.

Iziphumo ezibi zeMpilo kukusela kakhulu utywala

Ngelixa inani eliphakathi lewayini ebomvu linokubonelela ngezibonelelo zempilo, ukusela kakhulu utywala kunokubangela impilo.

Oku kubandakanya:

• Uxhomekeko lotywala: Ukusela utywala rhoqo kunokuba yinto engalawulekiyo kwaye kukhokelele ekubeni likhoboka lotywala ().
• Isibindi sokuqina kwesibindi: Xa ngaphezulu kwe-30 yeigram zotywala (malunga ne-2--3 iiglasi zewayini) zisetyenziswa yonke imihla, umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sesibindi uyanda. Isifo sesibindi sokugqibela, esibizwa ngokuba yi-cirrhosis, sisongela ubomi ().
• Umngcipheko owandisiweyo woxinzelelo: Iziselo ezinxilisayo zisemngciphekweni omkhulu wokudakumba kunabantu abaphakathi okanye abangaseliyo (,).
• Ukutyeba kwakho: Iwayini ebomvu iqulethe kabini inani leekhalori njengobhiya kunye neziselo ezinxilisayo. Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kunokuba negalelo kwi-khalori ephezulu kwaye kukwenze utyebe (,).
• Umngcipheko wokufa kunye nezifo: Ukusela kakhulu iwayini, nokuba ziintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezi-3 ngeveki, kunokunyusa umngcipheko wesifo seswekile emadodeni. Ukuselwa kakhulu kotywala kunxulunyaniswe nomngcipheko okhulayo wokufa ngaphambi kwexesha (,,).

Ukutya kakhulu iziselo ezinxilisayo kunokubangela ukuxhomekeka kotywala, ukuqina kwesibindi kunye nokuzuza ubunzima. Inokonyusa umngcipheko woxinzelelo, izifo kunye nokufa ngaphambi kwexesha.

Ngaba Ufanele Uyisele Iwayini Ebomvu? Ukuba Ewe, Yimalini?

Ukuba uthanda ukusela iwayini ebomvu, akukho sidingo sokukhathazeka ngaphandle kokuba ungaphezulu kwesixa esinconywayo.

EYurophu naseMelika, ukusetyenziswa kancinci kwewayini ebomvu kuthathwa njenge (, 49):

• 1-1.5 iiglasi ngosuku lwabafazi.
• 1-2 iindondo ngemini yamadoda.

Eminye imithombo ikwacebisa ukuba neentsuku ezi-1-2 ezingenatywala veki nganye.

Gcina ukhumbula ukuba oku kubhekisa iyonke utywala. Ukusela eli nani lewayini ebomvu kwi ukongeza kwezinye iziselo ezinxilisayo zinokukubeka ngokulula kuluhlu lokusela kakhulu.

Ukuba unembali yokusebenzisa gwenxa iziyobisi, kuya kufuneka uyiphephe iwayini kunye naso nasiphi na esinye isiselo esinxilisayo. Kwakhona ulumke kakhulu ukuba unembali yosapho enxila.

Ukutya okumodareyithwa kwewayini ebomvu kuchazwa njengeiglasi ezi-1-2 ngosuku. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba ubuncinci iintsuku ezi-1-2 ngeveki ngaphandle kotywala.

Thatha uMyalezo waseKhaya

Ngaphandle kwewayini ebomvu enxulunyaniswa nezibonelelo ezithile zempilo, nanye kubo kufanelekile ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kotywala.

Zininzi ezinye iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuphucula impilo yakho ezingadingi ukuba usebenzise into enokuba yingozi ().

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kunjalo sele ukusela iwayini ebomvu, ngoko akukho mfuneko yokuyeka (ngaphandle kokuba usela kakhulu).

Logama nje ungaseli ngaphezulu kwe-1-2 yeiglasi ngosuku, ke kufanelekile ukuba kukwenzele okuhle kuphela.