Unyango oluphezulu lwe-10 lweMisundu kunye nendlela yokuthatha

Umxholo

• 1. IAlbendazole
• 2. UMebendazole
• 3. INitazoxanide
• 4. IPiperazine
• 5. IPirantel
• 6. Ivermectin
• 7. Thiabendazole
• 8. iSecnidazole
• 9. iMetronidazole
• 10. IPraziquantel
• Ngubani ongafanele asebenzise iyeza kwiintshulube
• Izinketho ezizenzelayo zeentshulube
• Ungakuphepha njani ukungcoliseka kwakhona

Unyango ngamayeza eentshulube lwenziwa ngethamo elinye, kodwa irejimeni yeentsuku ezi-3, 5 okanye nangaphezulu nayo inokuboniswa, eyahluka ngohlobo lwamayeza okanye umbungu oza kulwa.

Unyango lweentshulube kufuneka luhlale luthathwa ngokuyalelwa ngugqirha kwaye zihlala ziboniswa xa kufunyanwa iintshulube kuvavanyo lwelindle okanye xa isifo sikrokreleka ngenxa yeempawu ezifana nendlala egqithisileyo, ukwehla kobunzima obukhulu okanye utshintsho kumathumbu endlela, umzekelo. Iimpawu eziphambili zeentshulube.

Amayeza aphambili asetyenzisiweyo kunye nesenzo sabo kuhlobo ngalunye lweyona ntshulube ixhaphakileyo zezi:

1. IAlbendazole

IAlbendazole liyeza elisetyenziswa kakhulu, kuba lilwa neeparasiti zamathumbu, ezinjenge-Ascariasis, iTrichocephaliasis, i-Enterobiasis (i-oxyuriasis), iHookworm, iStrongyloidiasis, iTeniasis kunye neGiardiasis. Isenzo salo siqulathe ukonakala kobume beeseli kunye nezicubu zeentshulube kunye neprotozoa, okubangela ukufa kwezi zifunxi-gazi.

Kusetyenziswa kwanjaniNgokubanzi, idosi esetyenziselwa i-Albendazole yi-400 mg, ngedosi enye, kunyango lwabantu abadala kunye nabantwana ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-2, ngokwephetshana lephakheji. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ukusetyenziswa kunokucetyiswa ngugqirha ixesha elide, njengeentsuku ezi-3 kwimeko yeStrongyloidiasis kunye neTeniasis, okanye kangangeentsuku ezintlanu, kwimeko yeGiardiasis, umzekelo.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo: iintlungu esiswini, intloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, urhudo, imihlathi kunye nokuphakama kwamanqanaba ee-enzymes zesibindi.

2. UMebendazole

Eli yeza lisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlobo ezininzi zeentshulube, kuba itshabalalisa imisebenzi yeeseli ezinoxanduva lwamandla e-parasites, ebangela ukufa kweentshulube ezibangela izifo ezinje nge-Enterobiasis (oxyuriasis), Ascariasis, Trichocephaliasis, Echinococcosis, Hookworm kunye Teniasis.

Kusetyenziswa kwanjani: idosi ekhuthazwayo, ngokokufakwa kwephakheji, yi-100 mg, kabini ngemini, kangangeentsuku ezi-3, okanye njengokuyalelwa ngugqirha, kubantu abadala nakubantwana ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-2. Umthamo wokunyanga ngokufanelekileyo i-Teniasis kubantu abadala, unokuba ngama-200 mg, kabini ngemini, iintsuku ezi-3.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo: intloko, isiyezi, ukulahleka kweenwele, ukungahambi kakuhle esiswini, umkhuhlane, ukuba bomvu kwesikhumba, utshintsho kwiiseli zegazi kunye nokuphakama kwamanqanaba e-enzyme yesibindi.

3. INitazoxanide

Elaziwa nangokuthi igama lorhwebo u-Annita, eli yeza lelinye lawona malinge asebenzayo ekulweni iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentshulube kunye neprotozoa, njengoko isebenza ngokuthintela ii-enzymes zeeseli eziyimfuneko kubomi beentsholongwane, phakathi kwazo i-Enterobiasis (oxyuriasis), I-Ascariasis, iStrongyloidiasis, isifo seHookworm, iTrichocephaliasis, iTeniasis kunye neHymenolepiasis, Amebiasis, Giardiasis, Cryptosporidiasis, Blastocytosis, Balantidiasis kunye neIsosporiasis.

Kusetyenziswa kwanjani: Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuhlala kwenziwa ngethamo le-500mg, rhoqo kwiiyure ezili-12, kwiintsuku ezi-3. Idosi kubantwana abangaphezu konyaka omnye ubudala yi-0.375 ml (7.5 mg) yesisombululo somlomo nge-kg yobunzima, rhoqo kwiiyure ezili-12, kangangeentsuku ezi-3, njengoko kuchaziwe kufakelo lwephakheji, okanye njengoko kuyalelwe ngugqirha.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo: umchamo oluhlaza, iintlungu esiswini, urhudo, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, intloko ebuhlungu, amanqanaba e-enzyme yesibindi kunye ne-anemia.

4. IPiperazine

Isisisixhobo esiluncedo kunyango lwe-Ascariasis kunye ne-Enterobiasis (i-oxyuriasis), kwaye isebenza ngokuthintela iimpendulo zemisipha, zibangele ukukhubazeka, ukuze zisuswe zisaphila ngumzimba.

Kusetyenziswa kwanjani: idosi ekucetyiswa ukuba iyeza ikhokelwe ngugqirha, kwaye, ngokokufakwa kwephakheji, ukunyanga i-Enterobiasis yi-65 mg nge-kg yesisindo, ngosuku, kangangeentsuku ezisi-7, kubantu abadala nasebantwaneni. Kwimeko ye-Ascariasis, idosi yi-3.5 g, kangangeentsuku ezi-2, kubantu abadala kunye ne-75 mg yekg yesisindo, iintsuku ezi-2, kubantwana.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo: isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, urhudo, iintlungu esiswini, ukuba bomvu, urhashalala kunye nesiyezi.

5. IPirantel

Yisifo esichasayo nesisebenza ngokukhubaza iintshulube, ezigxothwa ziphila ngokuhamba kwamathumbu, ziluncedo ekulweni izifo ezifana ne-hookworm, ascariasis kunye ne-enterobiasis (oxyuriasis).

Kusetyenziswa kwanjani: idosi ekhuthazwe liphetshana leepasile li-11 mg nge-kg yesisindo, ngethamo eliphezulu le-1 g, kwidosi enye, kubantu abadala nasebantwaneni, kwaye unyango lunokuphindwa emva kweeveki ezi-2 ukuqinisekisa unyango lwe-Enterobiasis.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo: ukungabinamdla wokutya, iicramps kunye neentlungu esiswini, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, isiyezi, ukozela kunye nentloko ebuhlungu.

6. Ivermectin

Ivermectin iluncedo kakhulu kunyango lwezibungu ezibanga iStrongyloidiasis, Onchocerciasis, Filariasis, Scabies and Pediculosis, eziyintwala, kwaye zibulala ezi zifunxi-gazi ngokuguqula ubume bemisipha yakho kunye neeseli zemithambo-luvo.

Kusetyenziswa kwanjani: Kwincwadana yepakethi, idosi ekucetyiswa ukuba iyeza yi-200 mcg nge-kg yesisindo, kanye ngemini, okanye ngokweengcebiso zonyango, kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana abangaphezu kwe-15 kg ubunzima.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo: urhudo, ukuziva ugula, ukugabha, ukuba buthathaka, iintlungu zesisu, ukungabikho komdla, ukuqhina, isiyezi, ukozela, ukungcangcazela, irhashalala.

7. Thiabendazole

Ikwalinyango eliluncedo ekupheliseni imibungu, isetyenziselwa ukunyanga iStrongyloidiasis, i-Cutaneous Larva migrans kunye neVisceral Larva migrans (toxocariasis), njengoko inqanda ii-enzymes zeeseli zentshulube, zibangele ukufa kwazo.

Kusetyenziswa kwanjani: idosi ekhuthazwayo inokwahluka ngokokubonisa kwezonyango, kodwa i-50 mg yedosi yekg nganye yesisindo (ubuninzi be-3 g) ihlala icetyiswa, idosi enye, kubantu abadala nasebantwaneni, kwaye kungathatha iintsuku ezininzi zonyango ukuphelisa i-visceral Izibungu ezifudukayo.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo: isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, umlomo owomileyo, urhudo, ukwehla kobunzima, iintlungu esiswini, iintlungu esiswini, ukudinwa kunye nesiyezi.

8. iSecnidazole

I-Secnidazole sisiyobisi esiphazamisa i-DNA yeprotozoa, ebangela ukusweleka kwabo, kwaye sisetyenziswa kakhulu kunyango lwe-amebiasis kunye ne-giardiasis.

Kusetyenziswa kwanjani: idosi ekhuthazwayo yolu nyango yi-2 g, idosi enye, okanye ngokweengcebiso zonyango, kubantu abadala. Kubantwana, idosi yi-30 mg ngeekhilogram nganye yesisindo, ngaphandle kokugqitha idosi ephezulu ye-2 g. Esi sixhobo kufuneka sithathwe kunye nolwelo oluncinci, ngakumbi emva kwesidlo sangokuhlwa.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo: isicaphucaphu, iintlungu esiswini, ukutshintsha incasa, kunye nesinyithi, ukudumba kolwimi kunye nomlomo womlomo, ukuncipha kwenani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, isiyezi.

9. iMetronidazole

Yintsholongwane eluncedo kwiintlobo ezininzi zebacteria, nangona kunjalo, inesenzo esikhulu ngokuchasene neprotozoa ebangela izifo zamathumbu ezinje ngeAmebiasis kunye neGiardiasis, esebenza ngokungenelela kwi-DNA yebhaktiriya kunye neprotozoa, ibangela ukufa kwabo. Ukongeza, ikwasetyenziselwa ngokubanzi ezinye iintlobo zosulelo lweprotozoal, ezinje ngezifo zangasese zeGardnerella vaginalis kunye neTrichomoniasis.

Kusetyenziswa kwanjani: Kwincwadana yepakethe, usetyenziso olucetyiswayo ukunyanga iGiardiasis ngama-250 mg, kathathu ngemini, kangangeentsuku ezi-5, ngelixa ukunyanga i-Amebiasis, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuthathwe i-500 mg, amaxesha amane ngemini, iintsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwi-10 iintsuku, ekufuneka zikhokelwe ngugqirha.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo: iintlungu esiswini, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, urhudo, i-mucositis yomlomo, utshintsho kwincasa enjenge-metallic flavour, isiyezi, intloko ebuhlungu, urticaria.

10. IPraziquantel

Sisibulala-zintsholongwane esisebenza ukunyanga usulelo olufana neSchistosomiasis, Teniasis kunye neCysticercosis, esenza ukubamba ukukhubazeka kwentshulube, ethi ke ibulawe kukuzikhusela komzimba.

Kusetyenziswa kwanjaniUkunyanga i-schistosomiasis kubantu abadala nasebantwaneni ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-4, iidosi ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 ze-20 mg ngekg yesisindo nganye ziyacetyiswa ngosuku olunye. Ukunyanga i-Teniasis, kucetyiswa i-5 ukuya kwi-10 mg nge-kg yobunzima, kwidosi enye kunye ne-cysticercosis, i-50 mg / kg ngosuku, yahlulwe yangamadosi ama-3 emihla ngemihla, kangangeentsuku ezili-14, ngokokufakwa kwephakheji.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo: iintlungu esiswini, ukuziva ugula, ukugabha, intloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi, ukuba buthathaka kunye nokutshixiza.

Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokwenzeka ukuba idosi kunye nenani leentsuku zokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi sele zikhankanyiwe ziya kwahluka, ngokokubonisa kwezonyango, ukuba ngaba kukho izinto ezithile kunyango lomntu ngamnye, ezinje ngobukho bokungakhuseleki komzimba, njengokuba kunjalo kubantu abanoGawulayo, okanye ukuba ngaba usulelo lweentshulube lubi kakhulu, njengakwi-hyperinfection okanye usulelo lwamalungu angaphandle kwamathumbu, umzekelo.

Ngubani ongafanele asebenzise iyeza kwiintshulube

Ngokubanzi, amayeza eentshulube akufuneki asetyenziswe ngabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala, abasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye nabasetyhini abancancisayo, ngaphandle kwengcebiso zonyango. Kuya kufuneka uyifunde ngononophelo iphakheji, kuba ichiza ngalinye linokuba nezimo ezahlukeneyo.

Izinketho ezizenzelayo zeentshulube

Kukho iindlela zonyango lwendalo ezinokunceda ukulwa neentshulube, nangona kunjalo akufuneki zithathe indawo yonyango olukhokelwa ngugqirha, zizinto ezincedisayo kuphela.

Eminye imizekelo itya imbewu yethanga, imbewu yepapaya okanye isiselo sepepermint kunye nobisi, umzekelo, kodwa abukho ubungqina benzululwazi bokusebenza kwalamayeza asekhaya kunyango. Jonga ulwazi malunga neendlela zonyango lwasekhaya kwiintshulube.

Ungakuphepha njani ukungcoliseka kwakhona

Iintshulube zihlala zikhona, emanzini anganyangekiyo, emhlabeni nakukutya okungakhange kuhlanjwe kakuhle. Ke, ukukhusela kusulelo lweentshulube, kubalulekile ukulandela iingcebiso ezinje:

• Gcina izandla zakho zicocekile, uzihlambe ngesepha namanzi, emva kokusebenzisa izindlu zangasese okanye utyelele iindawo zikawonke-wonke;
• Kuphephe ukubethelela iinzipho;
• Kuphephe ukuhamba ngeenyawo, ngakumbi emhlabeni nomhlaba nodaka;
• Musa ukusela amanzi angahluzwanga ngokufanelekileyo okanye abiliswe ngokufanelekileyo;
• Hlamba kwaye uhlambe iisaladi kunye neziqhamo ngaphambi kokutya. Jonga indlela elula yokuhlamba imifuno yakho ngaphambi kokutya.

Jonga ezinye izinto onokuzenza ukunyanga kunye nendlela yokuzikhusela kwiintshulube, kule vidiyo ilandelayo: