Iimfuno zaBadala bovavanyo lwezeMpilo

Umxholo

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi
• Uvavanyo lwegazi ngee-lipids
• Uvavanyo lomhlaza ongalunganga
• Ukugonywa
• Uvavanyo lwamehlo
• Uvavanyo lwamaxesha
• Uvavanyo lokuva
• Ukuvavanywa koxinano lwamathambo
• Uvavanyo lweVitamin D
• Ukuvavanywa kweHormone yokuvuselela i-thyroid
• Ukujonga ulusu
• Uvavanyo lweswekile
• Isisombululo
• Ipap smear
• Ukuvavanywa komhlaza wedlala lesinyi

Uvavanyo olufunwa ngabantu abadala

Njengoko uneminyaka yobudala, imfuno yakho yokuvavanywa rhoqo kwezonyango ihlala inyuka. Ngoku kulapho kufuneka ukuba usebenze malunga nempilo yakho kwaye ujonge utshintsho emzimbeni wakho.

Funda ukuze ufunde ngovavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwabantu abadala.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi

Umntu omnye kwabathathu abadala unaye, aziwa njengexinzelelo lwegazi. Ngokwama, iipesenti ezingama-64 zamadoda kunye neepesenti ezingama-69 zabasetyhini abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-65 ukuya kwengama-74 banexinzelelo lwegazi.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi ludla ngokubizwa ngokuba "ngumbulali othuleyo" kuba iimpawu zisenokungabonakali kude kube lixesha. Yonyusa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisibetho okanye isifo sentliziyo. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho luhlolwe ubuncinci kube kanye ngonyaka.

Uvavanyo lwegazi ngee-lipids

I-cholesterol esempilweni kunye namanqanaba e-triglyceride anciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha. Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa amanqanaba aphezulu nokuba kukanye, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukutya okuphuculweyo, utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, okanye amayeza okunciphisa.

Uvavanyo lomhlaza ongalunganga

I-colonoscopy luvavanyo apho ugqirha esebenzisa ikhamera ukuskena ikholoni yakho kwiipolyps zomhlaza. I-polyp kukukhula okungaqhelekanga kwezihlunu.

Emva kweminyaka engama-50 kufuneka ufumane i-colonoscopy yonke iminyaka eyi-10. Kwaye kuya kufuneka uzifumane rhoqo ukuba zifunyenwe iipolyps, okanye ukuba unembali yosapho yomhlaza ongalunganga. Uvavanyo lwe-digital rectal luyakwenziwa ukukhangela nakweyiphi na inyambalala kumsele ongasemva.

Uvavanyo lwe-rectal rectal lujonga kuphela icandelo elisezantsi le-rectum, ngelixa i-colonoscopy iskena yonke i-rectum. Umhlaza omdaka uyanyangeka xa ubanjwe kwangethuba. Nangona kunjalo, amatyala amaninzi awabanjwa de aqhubele phambili ukuya kumanqanaba aphezulu.

Ukugonywa

Fumana isikhuthazi somzimba rhoqo emva kweminyaka elishumi. Kwaye ucebisa ukuba umkhuhlane waminyaka yonke udubule wonke umntu, ngakumbi kwabo bagula kakhulu.

Xa uneminyaka engama-65 ubudala, buza ugqirha wakho malunga nogonyo lwe-pneumococcal ukukhusela inyumoniya kunye nezinye izifo. Isifo se-pneumococcal singakhokelela kwimicimbi yezempilo, kubandakanya:

• ukukrala kwemiphunga
• sinusitis
• meningitis
• endocarditis
• Ukudakumba
• usulelo lwendlebe lwangaphakathi

Wonke umntu ongaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 kufuneka agonyelwe i-shingles.

Uvavanyo lwamehlo

IAmerican Academy yeOphthalmology iphakamisa ukuba abantu abadala bafumane uvavanyo olusisiseko xa beneminyaka engama-40. Ugqirha wamehlo wakho uya kuthi emva koko athathe isigqibo xa kufuneka okulandelayo. Oku kunokuthetha ukubonwa kombono wonyaka ukuba unxiba abafowunelwa okanye iiglasi, kwaye nakuwo nawuphi na unyaka ukuba awenzi njalo.

Ubudala bonyusa namathuba ezifo zamehlo ezifana ne-glaucoma okanye i-cataract kunye neengxaki zombono ezintsha okanye eziba mandundu.

Uvavanyo lwamaxesha

Impilo yomlomo ibaluleke ngakumbi njengoko uneminyaka yobudala. Uninzi lwabantu abadala baseMelika banokuthatha amayeza anokuba nefuthe elibi kwimpilo yamazinyo. La mayeza aquka:

• antihistamines
• womchamo
• iziyobisi

Imiba yamazinyo inokukhokelela ekuphulukaneni namazinyo endalo. Ugqirha wakho wamazinyo kufuneka enze uvavanyo lwamaxesha athile ngexesha lokucoca kwakho kabini ngonyaka. Ugqirha wakho wamazinyo uya ku-X-reyi umhlathi wakho kwaye ahlole umlomo, amazinyo, iintsini, nomqala wakho xa uneempawu zeengxaki.

Uvavanyo lokuva

Ukuphulukana nokuva kuhlala kuyindalo yendalo yokuguga. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangelwa lusulelo okanye enye imeko yonyango. Rhoqo kwiminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu kuya kufuneka ufumane i-audiogram.

I-audiogram ijonga ukuva kwakho kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kunye namanqanaba okuqina. Uninzi lwelahleko lokuva luyanyangeka, nangona ukhetho kunyango luxhomekeke kunobangela kunye nobuzaza bokuphulukana nokuva.

Ukuvavanywa koxinano lwamathambo

Ngokutsho kweInternational Osteoporosis Foundation, abantu abazizigidi ezingama-75 bachaphazeleka yi-osteoporosis eJapan, eYurophu nase-United States. Bobabini abasetyhini kunye nabesilisa basemngciphekweni wale meko, nangona kunjalo abafazi bayachaphazeleka rhoqo.

Ukuvavanywa koxinano lwethambo kulinganisa ubunzima bethambo, esisalathisi esiphambili sokomelela kwethambo. Ukuvavanywa kwamathambo rhoqo kuyacetyiswa emva kweminyaka engama-65, ngakumbi kubafazi.

Uvavanyo lweVitamin D

Abantu abaninzi baseMelika baswele iVitamin D. Le vithamini inceda ukukhusela amathambo akho. Inokuzikhusela kwisifo sentliziyo, isifo seswekile kunye neminye imihlaza.

Unokulufuna olu vavanyo lwenziwa rhoqo ngonyaka. Njengokuba usiba mdala umzimba wakho unexesha elinzima lokudibanisa ivithamin D.

Ukuvavanywa kweHormone yokuvuselela i-thyroid

Ngamanye amaxesha i-thyroid, i-gland entanyeni yakho elawula umlinganiselo womzimba wakho, ayinakuvelisa i-hormone eyaneleyo. Oku kunokukhokelela ekukhuleni, ekuzuzeni ubunzima, okanye kubuhlungu. Emadodeni inokubangela iingxaki ezinje ngokungasebenzi kakuhle emzimbeni.

Uvavanyo lwegazi olulula lunokujonga inqanaba lehomoni ekhuthaza idlala lengqula (i-TSH) kwaye ubone ukuba ingaba idlala lengqula lakho alisebenzi kakuhle.

Ukujonga ulusu

Ngokwe-Skin Cancer Foundation, ngaphezulu kwe-5 yezigidi zabantu baphathwa umhlaza wolusu e-United States minyaka le. Eyona ndlela yokuyibamba kwangoko kukujonga ii-moles ezintsha okanye ezikrokrisayo, kwaye ubone ugqirha wesikhumba kanye ngonyaka kuvavanyo lomzimba opheleleyo.

Uvavanyo lweswekile

Ngokwe-American Diabetes Association, i-29.1 yezigidi zabantu baseMelika babene-2 ​​yeswekile ngo-2012. Wonke umntu kufuneka ahlolwe ukuqala eneminyaka engama-45 kule meko. Oku kwenziwa ngovavanyo olukhawulezayo lweswekile yegazi okanye uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-A1C.

Isisombululo

Ayingabo bonke oogqirha abavumayo malunga nokuba abafazi kufuneka bavavanywe kangaphi kunye ne-mammogram. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba minyaka emibini ilungile.

Umbutho iAmerican Cancer Society uthi abasetyhini abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-45 ukuya kwengama-54 kufuneka babe novavanyo lweklinikhi kunye novavanyo lwe-mammogram yonyaka. Abafazi abangaphezulu kwama-55 kufuneka babeneemviwo rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-2 okanye minyaka le ukuba bayakhetha.

Ukuba umngcipheko womhlaza webele uphezulu ngenxa yembali yosapho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba kuhlolwe unyaka nonyaka.

Ipap smear

Abasetyhini abaninzi abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 banokufuna uvavanyo lwe-pelvic rhoqo kunye nePap smear. Iipap smears zinokubhaqa umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko okanye welungu lobufazi. Uvavanyo lwe-pelvic lunceda kwimicimbi yezempilo njengokungakwazi ukuzibamba okanye iintlungu zethambo. Abasetyhini abasenaye umlomo wesibeleko banokuyeka ukwenza i-Pap smears.

Ukuvavanywa komhlaza wedlala lesinyi

Umhlaza wesifo se-Prostate unokufunyanwa ngovavanyo lwedijithali okanye ngokulinganisa amanqanaba e-antigen (PSA) egazini lakho.

Kukho impikiswano malunga nokuba kufuneka kuhlolwe nini, kwaye kufuneka kaninzi kangakanani. Umbutho waseMelika woMhlaza ucebisa ukuba oogqirha baxoxe ngokuhlolwa kwabantu abaneminyaka engama-50 ubudala abasemngciphekweni wokuba nomhlaza wamadlala. Baza kuxoxa ngokuhluzwa nabo baneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-45 abasemngciphekweni omkhulu, abanembali yosapho enomdlavuza wesibeletho, okanye banesizalwane esisondeleyo esibulewe sesi sifo.