Ukungaqheleki kwamalungu omzimba

Umxholo

• Iindidi zamalungu emathambo okungaqhelekanga
• Ukungaqhelekanga kokuzalwa
• Ukungaqheleki okufumanekayo
• Zithini iimpawu zokungaqheleki kwamalungu emathambo?
• Unobangela wokungaqhelekanga kwamalungu emathambo
• Ngaba oogqirha bayiqonda njani into yokuba amalungu omzimba aneengxaki zomzimba?
• Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo?
• Izixhobo ezixhasayo
• Unyango emsebenzini okanye emzimbeni
• Ugqirha
• Ukwandiswa kwamalungu
• Imbono yexesha elide yokungaqheleki kwamalungu emathambo
• Ukuthintela ukungaqheleki kwamalungu emathambo

Ukungaqheleki kwamalungu emathambo ziingxaki kulwakhiwo lwethambo leengalo zakho okanye imilenze. Banokuchaphazela indawo yelungu lakho okanye lilungu lonke. Ngokwesiqhelo ezi ngxaki zibakhona xa kuzalwa kwaye ngamanye amaxesha abantwana bazalwa benokungaqhelekanga kwilungu elinye.

Izifo ezithile okanye ukonzakala kunokuphazamisa ukukhula okuqhelekileyo kwethambo lakho kwaye kukhokelele ekuphazamisekeni kwamathambo ngokunjalo.

Iindidi zamalungu emathambo okungaqhelekanga

Ukungaqhelekanga kokuzalwa

Ukungaqhelekanga kwamathambo okuzalwa kubakho xa uzalwa. Ukungaqheleki kunokuthetha ukuba elinye lamalungu emilenze yakho lincinci okanye likhulu kunesiqhelo okanye uneminwe okanye iinzwane ezininzi kunesiqhelo. Unokuphulukana nengalo yonke okanye umlenze, okanye usenokulahleka icandelo lelinye lamalungu akho okanye uneminwe neenzwane ezingazahlulwanga ngokupheleleyo.

Ukungaqhelekanga kwilungu lokuzalwa kunqabile. Oku kungaqhelekanga kunokwenzeka ngenxa yengxaki ye-chromosome, okanye kwezinye iimeko, ukungahambi kakuhle kwamalungu esibeleko kunokubangela ukuba umama athathe amayeza kagqirha ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

E-United States, malunga ne-1,500 yeentsana zizalwa zinengxaki yokuqaqanjelwa ngamathambo ezingalweni zazo kwaye malunga nesiqingatha sabantwana abasandul 'ukuzalwa banamathambo emilenzeni yabo, ngokuka.

Ukungaqheleki okufumanekayo

Ukungaqheleki okufumanekayo kwenzeka emva kokuzalwa. Imeko enjalo iyenzeka ukuba uzalwe unamalungu aqhelekileyo kodwa wafunyanwa kukophuka amathambo ebuntwaneni. Ithambo elaphukileyo linokukhula kancinci kancinci kunesiqhelo, kukhokelela kwingalo okanye emlenzeni ochaphazelekileyo ngendlela engaqhelekanga.

Ezinye izifo, ezinje ngee-rickets kunye ne-rheumatoid arthritis, zinokuchaphazela kakubi ukubonwa kwethambo lakho, okukhokelela kukungahambi kakuhle kwimilenze okanye kwiingalo zakho.

Zithini iimpawu zokungaqheleki kwamalungu emathambo?

Ukuba uzalwe unamalungu omzimba ongaqhelekanga, iimpawu zangaphandle zinokucaca, ezinje ngala:

• ilungu elingabunjwanga ngokupheleleyo okanye elilahlekileyo
• omnye umlenze okanye ingalo emfutshane kunomnye
• imilenze okanye iingalo ezingahambelaniyo nomzimba wakho uphela

Kwimeko yokufumana amalungu ngendlela engaqhelekanga, usenokungabi nazimpawu zangaphandle. Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo zelungu elifunyenwe ngokungaqhelekanga zezi:

• omnye umlenze ubonakala umfutshane kunomnye umlenze
• iintlungu esinqeni, emadolweni, emaqatheni, okanye ngasemva
• elinye igxalaba likhangeleka liwile xa kuthelekiswa nelinye
• ukuhamba okungaqhelekanga njengokuqhwalela, ukujikeleza umlenze wakho ngendlela engaqhelekanga, okanye ukuhamba kwiinzwane zakho

Unobangela wokungaqhelekanga kwamalungu emathambo

Okwangoku, oonobangela bokuzalwa ngamalungu emithambo okungaqhelekanga abaqondwa kakuhle. Izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko zibandakanya:

• ukuvezwa kwintsholongwane, amayeza, okanye imichiza ngaphambi kokuzalwa
• ukutshaya icuba ngumama ngexa ukhulelwe
• ukuba nolunye uhlobo lokungaqhelekanga, kubandakanya i-omphalocele, isiphene sentliziyo, okanye i-gastroschisis
• i-congenital constriction band syndrome, apho amaqela e-amniotic axhonyiwe ezingalweni okanye emilenzeni ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwakho

Ukungaqheleki kwamalungu afumanekayo kunokubangelwa kukulimala komntwana. Olunye lolo konzakala lubangela ukukhula kancinci kwethambo. Zingabangelwa zizifo ezininzi ezichaphazela isakhiwo sakho samathambo, kuquka:

• iirickets, okanye ukuswela iivithamini D
• Isifo seMarfan, kukuphazamiseka kwithishu
• I-Down syndrome, ingxaki yemfuza ebandakanya ii-chromosomes ezingaphezulu

Ngaba oogqirha bayiqonda njani into yokuba amalungu omzimba aneengxaki zomzimba?

Ukuba ukungaqheleki kubakho xa uzalwa, ihlala ifunyaniswa kwangoko ngovavanyo lomzimba.

Ukungaqhelekanga kwamathambo okufunwayo kufuna uviwo olubanzi. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukujonga imbali yakho yezonyango, ukuthatha uvavanyo lomzimba, kunye nokulinganisa imilenze yakho. I-X-ray, i-CT scans, kunye nezinye iintlobo zokucinga ngonyango zinokusetyenziselwa ukujonga isiseko sethambo kunye nokufumanisa ukungaqheleki.

Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo?

Zintathu iinjongo eziphambili zonyango kunyango lokuzalwa komzimba, kubandakanya:

• ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwelungu elichaphazelekayo
• ukuphucula ukubonakala kwelungu elichaphazelekayo
• ukunceda ukuba uziqhelanise nemicimbi yemihla ngemihla enokubangelwa kukungaqheleki

Ugqirha wakho uya kukunceda uthathe isigqibo solona hlobo lonyango olufanelekileyo kwimeko yakho ethile.

Izixhobo ezixhasayo

Ugqirha wakho unokukunika ingalo okanye umlenze owenziweyo, owaziwa ngokuba lilungu lokufakelwa. Isebenza endaweni yelungu eliqhelekileyo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ilungu lakho elichaphazelekayo linokubakho kodwa libe buthathaka. I-orthotic brace okanye splint inokusetyenziselwa ukuxhasa ilungu lakho elichaphazelekayo ukuze likwazi ukusebenza ngesiqhelo.

Unyango emsebenzini okanye emzimbeni

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango okanye unyango lomzimba ukunceda umthambo kwaye womeleze ilungu lakho elichaphazelekayo.

Ugqirha

Ngamanye amaxesha utyando luyimfuneko ukulungisa okungaqhelekanga kulwakhiwo lomlenze wakho. Iindidi ezimbini zotyando yi-epiphysiodesis kunye nokunciphisa abafazi. I-Epiphysiodesis yinkqubo yexesha ngononophelo yokumisa ukukhula okuqhelekileyo komlenze omnye ukuze umlenze omfutshane ufikelele kubude obulinganayo. Ukuncitshiswa kwabasetyhini yinkqubo apho inxalenye ye-femur, okanye ithambo lethanga, lisuswe khona.

Ukwandiswa kwamalungu

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukwandisa umlenze omfutshane ngenkqubo ethe chu ebizwa ngokuba kukolulwa kwamalungu. Kule nkqubo, ugqirha wakho uya kunqumla ithambo lakho kwaye asebenzise isixhobo sangaphandle ukwandisa ngokuthe ngcembe ubude bomlenze wakho kwisithuba seenyanga ezininzi ukuya kunyaka. Le nkqubo inokuba buhlungu kwaye inokubakho okuphezulu kwengxaki kunolunye unyango.

Imbono yexesha elide yokungaqheleki kwamalungu emathambo

Njengomntwana onamalungu omzimba ongaqhelekanga, unokujamelana nobunzima obahlukeneyo bomzimba kunye neemvakalelo. Amava akho aya kuxhomekeka ekubeni imeko yesiqhelo ikho kwaye kangakanani na. Imicimbi enokwenzeka ibandakanya:

• iingxaki zokuphuhlisa izakhono zemoto kunye nezinye izinto ezibonakalayo
• Umda ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwezemidlalo okanye eminye imisebenzi
• ukugezelwa okanye ukukhutshelwa ngaphandle ngenxa yomahluko kwimbonakalo yakho
• Ukufuna uncedo kwizinto zobuqu, ezinje ngokutya okanye ukuhlamba

Unyango oluqhubekayo lonyango lokungahambi kakuhle kwamalungu emathambo lunokukunceda ufumane ukusebenza ngokukuko kunye nokuzimela. Uninzi lwabantu olunohlobo oluthile lokukhubazeka kwamalungu luyakwazi ukuphila ubomi obunemveliso nobusempilweni.

Ukuthintela ukungaqheleki kwamalungu emathambo

Akukho ndlela ithile yokuthintela ukungahambi kakuhle kwamalungu emathambo ukuba angenzeki. Endaweni yoko, kugxilwe ekufumaneni kwangoko kunye nonyango.

Abafazi abakhulelweyo banokuwanciphisa amathuba okungaqheleki kwamalungu kwiintsana zabo ngokuthatha ivithamini yokubeleka ebandakanya i-folic acid. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo baphephe ukusebenzisa icuba notywala.