Yonke into ofuna ukuyazi malunga nokuphazamiseka okungapheliyo

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Yintoni i-OCD?
• Iimpawu
• Ukuqwalaselwa
• Ukunyanzelwa
• Unyango
• Amayeza
• Unyango
• Yintoni ebangela i-OCD?
• Iindidi ze-OCD
• I-OCD ebantwaneni
• I-OCPD vs i-OCD
• Ukuchongwa kwe-OCD
• Imiba yomngcipheko we-OCD

Ushwankathelo

Ukuphazamiseka okungafunekiyo okunyanzelekileyo (i-OCD) yimeko engapheliyo yempilo yengqondo ebonakaliswa kukuzibamba okukhokelela ekuziphatheni okunyanzelekileyo.

Abantu bahlala bejonga kabini ukuqinisekisa ukuba bavale umnyango wangaphambili okanye bahlala benxiba iisokisi zabo zethamsanqa kwiintsuku zomdlalo - izithethe ezilula okanye imikhwa ebenza bazive bekhuselekile ngakumbi.

I-OCD iya ngaphaya kokujonga kabini into okanye ukuziqhelanisa nesiko lomdlalo wosuku. Umntu ofunyenwe ene-OCD uziva enyanzelekile ukuba enze amasiko athile ngokuphindaphindiweyo, nokuba abafuni - nokuba kubenza nzima ubomi babo ngokungeyomfuneko.

Yintoni i-OCD?

Ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo okunyanzelekileyo (i-OCD) kubonakaliswa ukuphindaphinda, iingcinga ezingafunekiyo (ukutyeba) kunye nokungenangqondo, ukubongoza okugqithisileyo ukwenza isenzo esithile (ukunyanzelwa).

Nangona abantu abane-OCD benokwazi ukuba iingcinga kunye nokuziphatha kwabo akunangqiqo, bahlala bengakwazi ukubanqanda.

Iimpawu

Iingcinga eziqwalaselweyo okanye indlela yokuziphatha enyanzelekileyo enxulunyaniswa ne-OCD ngokubanzi ihlala ngaphezulu kweyure ngosuku kwaye iphazamise ubomi bemihla ngemihla.

Ukuqwalaselwa

Ezi ziingcinga eziphazamisayo okanye iimpembelelo ezenzeka rhoqo.

Abantu abane-OCD banokuzama ukungahoyi okanye ukubacinezela, kodwa banokoyika ukuba ngandlela thile iingcinga zinokuba ziyinyani.

Uxinzelelo olunxulunyaniswa noxinzelelo lunokuba lukhulu kakhulu ukuba lunyamezele, lubenze bazibandakanye ekuziphatheni okunyanzelekileyo ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwabo.

Ukunyanzelwa

Ezi zizenzo eziphindaphindayo ezisusa okwethutyana uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo olubangelwa kukuzibamba. Rhoqo, abantu abanyanzelekileyo bakholelwa ukuba ezi zithethe ziya kuthintela into embi ukuba ingenzeki.

Funda ngakumbi ngumahluko phakathi kokuzibamba kunye nokunyanzelwa.

Unyango

Isicwangciso sonyango esiqhelekileyo se-OCD sihlala sibandakanya zombini unyango lwengqondo kunye namayeza. Ukudibanisa zombini unyango kuhlala kusebenza kakhulu.

Amayeza

Amachiza okulwa uxinzelelo amiselwe ukunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu ze-OCD.

Iserotonin reuptake inhibitor ekhethiweyo (SSRI) sisidambisi esisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa isimilo esinganyanzelekanga kunye nokunyanzelwa.

Unyango

Ukuthetha ngonyango ngengcali yezempilo yengqondo kunokunceda ukubonelela ngezixhobo ezivumela utshintsho kwindlela yokucinga kunye nokuziphatha.

Ukunyanga ngokuziphatha kwengqondo (CBT) kunye nokuvezwa kunye nonyango lokuphendula ziintlobo zonyango lonyango olusebenzayo kubantu abaninzi.

Ukuvezwa kunye nokuthintela ukuphendula (i-ERP) ijolise ekuvumeleni umntu one-OCD ukuba ajongane noxinzelelo olunxulunyaniswa neengcinga ezingafunekiyo ngezinye iindlela, endaweni yokuzibandakanya nokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo.

Yintoni ebangela i-OCD?

Oyena nobangela we-OCD awaziwa, kodwa abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba iindawo ezithile zobuchopho zisenokungaphenduli ngesiqhelo kwi-serotonin, ikhemikhali esetyenziswa ziiseli ezithile zemithambo-luvo ukunxibelelana.

Imfuza kucingelwa ukuba inegalelo kwi-OCD, ngokunjalo.

Ukuba wena, umzali wakho, okanye umntakwenu une-OCD, kukho malunga neepesenti ezingama-25 zokuba elinye ilungu losapho elikufutshane libe nayo.

Iindidi ze-OCD

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokutyeba kunye nokunyanzelwa. Ezona zaziwa kakuhle zibandakanya:

• ukutyeba okubandakanya ukoyika ukungcoliseka (iintsholongwane) kunye nokunyanzeliswa okunxulumene nokucoca kunye nokuhlamba
• ukutyeba okunxulumene nokulinganisa okanye ukugqibelela ngokunyanzelwa okunxulumene noku-odola okanye ukwenza kwakhona

NgokukaGqirha Jill Stoddard, umbhali we "Yiba Namandla: Isikhokelo Somfazi kuNkululeko kwiXhala, Ukukhathazeka, kunye noXinzelelo usebenzisa Ingqondo kunye nokwamkela," ezinye izinto ezibandakanyekileyo zibandakanya:

• iingcinga zesini ezingafunekiyo nezingafunekiyo
• ukoyika ukuzenzakalisa okanye ukwenzakalisa omnye umntu
• uloyiko lokwenza ngokungxamisekileyo (njengokukhupha igama lesiqalekiso ngexesha lokuthula). Oku kubandakanya ukunyanzelwa njengokujonga, ukubala, ukuthandaza, nokuphindaphinda, kwaye kunokubandakanya ukuphepha (ukwahluka kunyanzeliso) njengokuthintela izinto ezibukhali.

Funda kabanzi malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-OCD.

I-OCD ebantwaneni

I-OCD ihlala ikhula kubantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emibini yobudala: ubuntwana obuphakathi (iminyaka eyi-8-12) naphakathi kokufikisa emva kwexesha kunye nokukhula komntu okhulileyo (iminyaka eyi-18-25), utshilo uGqirha Steve Mazza, umntu osebenza kwiklinikhi emva kogqirha kwiKlinikhi yaseYunivesithi yaseColumbia yokuXhalaba kunye Ukuphazamiseka okunxulumene noko.

"Amantombazana athanda ukukhula i-OCD ebudaleni kunabafana," utshilo uMazzza. "Nangona kukho izinga eliphezulu le-OCD kumakhwenkwe kunamantombazana ngexesha lobuntwana, kukho amanani alinganayo e-OCD phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi abadala."

I-OCPD vs i-OCD

Ngelixa amagama afanayo, ukuphazamiseka okungafunekiyo kubuntu (i-OCPD) kunye ne-OCD ziimeko ezahluke kakhulu.

I-OCD ihlala ibandakanya ukutyeba okulandelwa kukuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo. I-OCPD ichaza iseti yeempawu zobuntu ezinokuthi ziphazamise ubudlelwane bomntu.

I-OCPD ibonakaliswa yimfuno egqithileyo yokulungelelana, ukugqibelela, kunye nolawulo, kubandakanya ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu, utshilo uMazza. Ngelixa i-OCD ihlala igcinwe kwiseti yeengcinga ezingafunekiyo kunye nokunyanzeliswa okunxulumene noko.

"Abantu [abane-OCD] kunokwenzeka ukuba bafune uncedo kuba bakhathazekile okanye baphazamisekile ziimpawu," utshilo. "Abantu abane-OCPD banokungakuboni ukuqina kwesimo sabo kunye nemfuno yemfezeko njengengxaki, ngaphandle kweziphumo eziyingozi kubudlelwane babo nakwimpilo-ntle yabo."

Funda ngakumbi malunga neempawu zonyango lwe-OCPD.

Ukuchongwa kwe-OCD

I-OCD ifunyaniswa yingcali yezempilo yengqondo isebenzisa inkqubo yodliwanondlebe eyakhelweyo, ngokukaMazza.

Esinye sezixhobo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu yi-Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), evavanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo kunye nokunyanzelwa, kunye nenqanaba leempawu ze-OCD ezibangela uxinzelelo lomntu kunye nokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwabo.

Imiba yomngcipheko we-OCD

Imfuza idlala indima kwi-OCD, ke umntu kunokwenzeka ukuba ayiphuhlise ukuba isihlobo segazi sinokuxilongwa kwe-OCD, utshilo uMazza.

Iimpawu zihlala zisiba mandundu ngoxinzelelo, nokuba zibangelwa yimicimbi yesikolo, umsebenzi, ubudlelwane, okanye iziganeko eziguqula ubomi.

Uye wathi i-OCD ihlala isenzeka nezinye iimeko, kubandakanya:

• Ingxaki yokungahambi kakuhle (ADHD)
• Isifo seTourette
• Ukudakumba okukhulu
• ingxaki yokuxhalaba ekuhlaleni
• iingxaki zokutya