Ukubetha

Umxholo

• Isishwankathelo
• Yintoni iStrowuku?
• Zithini iintlobo zestroke?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni wokubetha?
• Zithini iimpawu zestroke?
• Sifunyanwa njani imivumbo?
• Luthini unyango lwestroke?
• Ngaba imivumbo ingathintelwa?

Isishwankathelo

Yintoni iStrowuku?

Ukubetha kwenzeka xa kukho ukulahleka kokuphuma kwegazi kwinxalenye yengqondo. Iiseli zakho zobuchopho azinakufumana ioksijini kunye nezondlo eziyifunayo egazini, kwaye ziqala ukufa kwimizuzu nje embalwa. Oku kunokubangela ukonakala kwengqondo okungapheliyo, ukukhubazeka kwexesha elide, okanye nokufa.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye omnye umntu unesifo, shayela u-911 ngokukhawuleza. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokusindisa ubomi bomntu kwaye lukhulise amathuba okuba kwimeko yesiqhelo nokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo.

Zithini iintlobo zestroke?

Zimbini iintlobo zestroke:

• Ischemic stroke sibangelwa ligazi elithintela okanye lifake umthambo wegazi kwingqondo. Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo; malunga neepesenti ezingama-80 zemivimbo i-ischemic.
• Isifo esibuhlungu (hemorrhagic stroke) sibangelwa yimithambo yegazi eqhekezayo ize yophele kwingqondo

Enye imeko efana nokubetha kukuhlaselwa sischemic okwethutyana (TIA). Ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi "mini-stroke." Ii-TIAs zenzeka xa unikezelo lwegazi kwingqondo luthintelwe ixesha elifutshane. Umonakalo kwiiseli zobuchopho awunasigxina, kodwa ukuba une-TIA, usengozini ephezulu kakhulu yokuba nesifo.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni wokubetha?

Izinto ezithile zinokuphakamisa umngcipheko wesifo. Izinto ezinobungozi zibandakanya

• Igazi elonyukayo. Le yeyona nto iphambili emngciphekweni wokubetha.
• Seswekile.
• Izifo zentliziyo. I-Atrial fibrillation kunye nezinye izifo zentliziyo kunokubangela amahlwili egazi akhokelela ekubethweni.
• Ukutshaya. Xa utshaya, wonakalisa imithambo yakho yegazi kwaye unyuse uxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Imbali yobuqu okanye yosapho yokubetha okanye i-TIA.
• Ubudala. Umngcipheko we-stroke uyanda njengoko ukhula.
• Uhlanga nobuhlanga. Abantu base-Afrika baseMelika banomngcipheko ophezulu wokubetha.

Kukho nezinye izinto ezinxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu wokubetha, njenge

• Utywala kunye nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi
• Ukungafumani msebenzi owaneleyo womzimba
• Cholesterol ephezulu
• Ukutya okungenampilo
• Ukutyeba kakhulu

Zithini iimpawu zestroke?

Iimpawu zestroke zihlala zenzeka ngokukhawuleza. Babandakanya

• Ukuphazamiseka ngesiquphe okanye ubuthathaka bobuso, ingalo, okanye umlenze (ngakumbi kwelinye icala lomzimba)
• Ukudideka ngesiquphe, ingxaki yokuthetha, okanye intetho eqondayo
• Ingxaki ngesiquphe yokubona kwiliso elinye okanye kokubini
• Ukuhamba nzima ngesiquphe, isiyezi, ukuphulukana nokulingana okanye ukulungelelanisa
• Ngequbuliso intloko ebuhlungu engaziwayo ngaphandle kwesizathu

Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye omnye umntu unesifo, shayela u-911 ngokukhawuleza.

Sifunyanwa njani imivumbo?

Ukwenza isifo, umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kuthi

• Buza malunga neempawu zakho kunye nembali yonyango
• Yenza uvavanyo lomzimba, kubandakanya itsheki ye
  • Ukuphaphama kwengqondo
  • Ulungelelwaniso kunye nokulingana
  • Nakuphi na ukuba ndindisholo okanye ubuthathaka ebusweni bakho, kwiingalo, nasemilenzeni
  • Nayiphi na ingxaki yokuthetha nokubona ngokucacileyo
• Yenza iimvavanyo ezithile, ezinokubandakanya
  • Ukuqonda isifo kwengqondo, njenge-CT scan okanye iMRI
  • Uvavanyo lwentliziyo, olunokunceda ekufumaneni iingxaki zentliziyo okanye amahlwili egazi anokuthi akhokelele ekubethweni. Uvavanyo olunokwenzeka lubandakanya i-electrocardiogram (EKG) kunye ne-echocardiography.

Luthini unyango lwestroke?

Unyango lwe-stroke lubandakanya amayeza, utyando kunye nokuvuselelwa. Loluphi unyango olufumanayo kuxhomekeka kudidi lokubetha kunye nenqanaba lonyango. Amanqanaba awohlukeneyo

• Unyango Acute, ukuzama ukuyeka ukubetha ngelixa kusenzeka
• Ukubuyiselwa kwimeko yesiqhelo emva kokubethwa yistroke, Ukoyisa ukukhubazeka okubangelwe kukubetha
• Uthintelo, Ukuthintela ukubetha kokuqala okanye, ukuba sele unayo, thintela esinye isifo

Unyango olunamandla lwestroke se-ischemic zihlala zingamayeza:

• Unokufumana i-tPA, (i-activator ye-plasminogen activator), iyeza lokunyibilikisa igazi. Unokufumana eli yeza kuphela ngaphakathi kweeyure ze-4 xa kwaqala iimpawu zakho. Ngokukhawuleza ungayifumana, ngcono ithuba lakho lokuchacha.
• Ukuba awukwazi ukulifumana elo yeza, unokufumana iyeza elinceda ukumisa iiplatelet ekuhlanganeni kunye ukwenza amahlwili egazi. Okanye unokufumana igazi elincinci ukuze kugcinwe amahlwili asele ekhulile.
• Ukuba unesifo somthambo we-carotid, unokufuna kwakhona inkqubo yokuvula umthambo wakho we-carotid

Unyango olunamandla lwe-stroke esophayo lujolise ekumiseni ukopha. Inyathelo lokuqala kukufumana unobangela wokopha kwingqondo. Inyathelo elilandelayo kukuyilawula:

• Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ngunobangela wokopha, unokunikwa amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Ukuba i-aneurysm ukuba ingunobangela, unokufuna ukusikwa kwe-aneurysm okanye ukudityaniswa kwekhoyili. Olu lutyando lokuthintela ukuvuza okungaphezulu kwegazi kwi-aneurysm. Ikwanokunceda ukuthintela i-aneurysm ekubeni iphinde igqabhuke.
• Ukuba i-arteriovenous malformation (AVM) ingunobangela wokubetha, unokufuna ukulungiswa kwe-AVM. I-AVM yitreyini yemithambo engalunganga kunye nemithambo enokuqhekeka ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Ukulungiswa kwe-AVM kunokwenziwa
  • Ugqirha
  • Ukutofa into ethile kwimithambo yegazi ye-AVM ukuvimba ukuhamba kwegazi
  • Imitha yokunciphisa imithambo yegazi ye-AVM

Ukuvuselelwa kwestroke kunokukunceda uphinde ufunde izakhono owaphulukana nazo ngenxa yomonakalo. Injongo kukukunceda ukuba ukwazi ukuzimela ngangokunokwenzeka kwaye ube ngowona mgangatho uphezulu wobomi.

Ukuthintela esinye isifo kubalulekile, kuba ukubethwa sistroke kwandisa umngcipheko wokufumana esinye. Uthintelo lunokubandakanya utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila esempilweni kunye namayeza.

Ngaba imivumbo ingathintelwa?

Ukuba sele unestroke okanye usengozini yokubethwa yistroke, unokwenza utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila esempilweni ukuzama ukuthintela ukubetha okuzayo:

• Ukutya ukutya okunesifo sentliziyo
• Ukujolisa kubunzima obusempilweni
• Ukulawula uxinzelelo
• Ukufumana umthambo rhoqo
• Ukuyeka ukutshaya
• Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol

Ukuba olu tshintsho alonelanga, unokufuna iyeza ukulawula iimeko zakho zomngcipheko.

I-NIH: IZiko leLizwe leZiphazamiso ze-Neurological and Stroke

• Indlela yobuqu yokuNyanga iStroke
• Abantu base-Afrika baseMelika banokubusebenzisa ngokuphawulekayo ubungozi bokuyeka ukutshaya
• Ukucinga ngeBongo, iZifundo zeTelehealth zithembisa ukuthintela ukubetha okungapheliyo kunye nokuBuya kwakhona