Iindidi ze-hepatitis: Iimpawu eziphambili kunye nendlela ehanjiswa ngayo

Umxholo

• IHepatitis A
• IHepatitis B
• IHepatitis C
• IHepatitis D
• IHepatitis E
• IHepatitis F
• IHepatitis G
• Ngokuzimela hepatitis
• Amayeza iHepatitis
• I-Hepatitis engapheliyo
• Ichongwa njani i-hepatitis

IHepatitis kukudumba kwesibindi okubangelwe, ziimeko ezininzi, ziintsholongwane, kodwa inokuba sisiphumo sokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye impendulo yomzimba, ibizwa ngokuba yi-autoimmune hepatitis.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zehepatitis zezi: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, autoimmune hepatitis, drug hepatitis and chronic hepatitis. Nokuba luphi uhlobo lwe-hepatitis, kubalulekile ukuba isifo senziwe kwisigaba sokuqala sesifo ukunqanda ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo kunye nemfuno yokufakwa kwesibindi.

IHepatitis A

Iimpawu eziphambili: Uninzi lwexesha, i-hepatitis A iveza iimpawu ezinobulali, ezibonakala ngokudinwa, ubuthathaka, ukuncipha kokutya kunye nentlungu kwindawo ephezulu yesisu, kodwa imeko ye-hepatitis egcweleyo inokwenzeka. Abantu abasele benesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A banokuzikhusela kolu hlobo lwe-hepatitis, nangona kunjalo, ihlala ichaphazeleka kwezinye iintlobo.

Idluliselwa njani: Ukuhanjiswa kweentsholongwane ze-hepatitis A kwenzeka ngokudibana namanzi okanye ukutya okungcolileyo. Funda ngendlela yokuthintela i-hepatitis.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Kubalulekile ukwenza ucoceko xa usitya naxa ulungisa ukutya, ukunqanda ukudibana ne-hepatitis A. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukunqanda ukwabelana ngeebrashi kunye nokusika kunye nokuphepha ukudibana okungakhuselekanga (ngaphandle kwekhondom).

IHepatitis B

Iimpawu eziphambili: I-Hepatitis B isenokungabonakali, kodwa isadinga unyango ukuthintela ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo kunye nokonakala kwesibindi. Kwiimeko zomqondiso, kunokubakho isicaphucaphu, umkhuhlane ophantsi, iintlungu ezidibeneyo kunye neentlungu esiswini. Fumanisa ukuba zeziphi iimpawu zokuqala ezine ze-hepatitis B.

Idluliselwa njani: I-Hepatitis B idluliselwa ngokudibana negazi okanye ukungcola okungcolileyo, njengokumpontshelwa igazi, ukwabelana ngeesirinji kunye neenaliti kunye nokwabelana ngesondo ngokungakhuselekanga, ikakhulu, okwenza i-hepatitis B ibe sisi sifo esosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo.

Kwenziwe ntoni:Eyona ndlela yokuthintela i-hepatitis B kukugonya ngeli lixa usegumbini lokubelekisa, ukuze umntwana azikhusele kule ntsholongwane. Ukuba umntu omdala akalufumani ugonyo ebuntwaneni, kubalulekile ukuba afune ikliniki yezempilo ukuze enze iyeza lokugonya. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ungabelani ngesondo ngokungakhuselekanga kwaye unike ingqalelo imeko yezempilo kwiinzipho, iitattoo kunye nokugqobhoza, ukongeza ukuphepha ukwabelana ngeesirinji kunye neenaliti.

IHepatitis C

Iimpawu eziphambili: Kwiimeko ezininzi, iimpawu ze-hepatitis C zibonakala phakathi kweenyanga ezi-2 kunye neminyaka emi-2 emva kokudibana nentsholongwane, ezona ziphambili lulusu olutyheli, umchamo omnyama, iintlungu zesisu kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla. Yazi ezinye iimpawu zehepatitis C.

Idluliselwa njani: IHepatitis C sisifo sesibindi esibangelwa kukudibana negazi okanye imfihlo engcoliswe yintsholongwane kwaye ephilisayo xa ifunyenwe kwangethuba kwaye unyango luqalwa ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, i-hepatitis C inokuqhubela phambili kwi-hepatitis engapheliyo, engakhokelela kwisifo sokuqina kwesibindi okanye ukusilela kwesibindi.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Kwakamsinya nje emva kokuvela kweempawu zokuqala zesifo sokudumba kwesibindi, kucetyiswa ukuba uye kugqirha wezifo ezosulelayo okanye ihepatologist ukuze uxilongo kunye nonyango luqale luvaleke. Ngokwesiqhelo unyango olucetyiswayo lwenziwa nge-antivirals kangangesithuba seenyanga ezi-6.

IHepatitis D

Iimpawu eziphambili: Olu hlobo lwe-hepatitis lunokuba ngumqondiso, uphawu okanye uphawu olubukhali ngokweqondo lokubandakanyeka kwesibindi yintsholongwane. Yazi iimpawu zesifo sokudumba kwesibindi.

Idluliselwa njani: I-Hepatitis D, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Delta hepatitis, sisifo esinokudluliselwa ngokudibana nolusu kunye ne-mucosa engcoliswe yintsholongwane, ngokwabelana ngesondo okungakhuselekanga okanye ukwabelana ngenaliti kunye neesirinji. Intsholongwane ye-hepatitis D ixhomekeke kwintsholongwane ye-hepatitis B ukuphindaphinda kwaye kubangele izifo. Ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, inokubangela isifo sokudumba kwesibindi, esisifo esidumba kakhulu sesibindi esinokuqhubela phambili sisweleke.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Uthintelo lwe-hepatitis D lwenzeka ngokugonya ngokuchasene ne-hepatitis B, njengoko intsholongwane i-hepatitis D ixhomekeke kwintsholongwane ye-hepatitis B ukuphindaphinda.

IHepatitis E

Iimpawu eziphambili: IHepatitis E idla ngokungabonakali, ngakumbi ebantwaneni, kodwa xa kuvela iimpawu, ezona ziphambili ngumkhuhlane omncinci, iintlungu zesisu kunye nomchamo omnyama.

Idluliselwa njani: IHepatitis E idluliselwa ngokungenisa amanzi angcolileyo okanye ukutya okanye ukudibana nelindle kunye nomchamo wabantu abosulelwe yile ntsholongwane. Esi sifo sihlala sivela kuqhambuko ngenxa yezempilo okanye ucoceko oluphantsi.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Akukho sitofu sokugonyelwa i-hepatitis E kwaye unyango luquka ukuphumla, ukuhambisa amanzi, ukutya okunesondlo kunye nokuphepha ukusebenzisa amayeza okanye ukusela iziselo ezinxilisayo.

IHepatitis F

I-Hepatitis F ithathwa njengeqhekeza le-hepatitis C, nangona kunjalo intsholongwane ebangela le hepatitis ingekachongwa kwaye, ke, olu hlobo lwe-hepatitis alulunganga. I-Hepatitis F iqinisekisiwe kwiinkawu elebhu, kodwa akukho ngxelo zabantu abosulelwe yile ntsholongwane.

IHepatitis G

Idluliselwa njani: I-Hepatitis G ibangelwa yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis G ehlala ifunyanwa kubantu abane-hepatitis B, hepatitis C okanye i-HIV. Le ntsholongwane inokudluliselwa ngokwabelana ngesondo ngaphandle kwekhondom, utofelo-gazi okanye ukusuka kumama kuye emntwaneni ngokuhanjiswa okuqhelekileyo.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Unyango lolu hlobo lwe-hepatitis alukabikho kakuhle, kuba aluhambelani neemeko ezingapheliyo ze-hepatitis okanye isidingo sokufakelwa kwesibindi, nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukubonisana ne-hepatologist okanye i-infectologist ukuze ufumane ukhokelo olungcono.

Bukela le vidiyo ilandelayo, incoko phakathi kwengcali yesondlo uTatiana Zanin noGqirha Drauzio Varella malunga nendlela yokuthintela nokunyanga ezinye iintlobo zesifo sokudumba kwesibindi:

Ngokuzimela hepatitis

Iimpawu eziphambili: Iimpawu ze-autoimmune hepatitis zenzeka ngenxa yokwehla kwamasosha omzimba, okukhokelela kwintlungu esiswini, ulusu olumthubi kunye nesicaphucaphu. Jonga indlela yokuchonga isifo sokuqina kwesibindi.

Njengoko kusenzeka: I-autoimmune hepatitis sisifo semfuza apho umzimba uvelisa izilwa-buhlungu ngokuchasene neeseli zesibindi ezikhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni kwazo okuqhubekayo. Ngokomndilili, abaguli abafunyaniswe ukuba banesifo sokuzimela kwesibindi esingapheliyo esinciphileyo.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Kwakamsinya nje emva kokuvela kweempawu zokuqala, kufuneka kuboniswane nodokotela wesifo sephepha okanye ugqirha wezifo zesisu ukuze kuqale unyango olulungileyo. Unyango luhlala lusenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwe-corticosteroids okanye ii-immunosuppressants. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukugcina ukutya okwaneleyo. Fumanisa ukuba ukutya kwe-hepatitis yokuzimela komzimba kwenziwa njani.

Amayeza iHepatitis

Iimpawu eziphambili: Iimpawu zesifo sokudumba kwesibindi ngokufanayo nezo ze-hepatitis yentsholongwane, oko kukuthi, ukugabha, isicaphucaphu, iintlungu esiswini, umchamo omnyama kunye nezihlalo ezikhanyayo, umzekelo.

Njengoko kusenzeka: Unyango lwe-hepatitis lunokubangelwa kukungenisa amayeza ngokugqithileyo okanye ngokungonelanga, kukungazweli komntu kunyango okanye kwityhefu yamayeza. Kule meko, isibindi asikwazi ukuxubusha i-toxins ezivela kwiziyobisi kunye nokutshisa, ukuvelisa iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-hepatitis. Jonga ukuba zeziphi iindlela zokunyanga ezinokubangela ukunyanga kwesibindi.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Unyango lubandakanya ukuyeka ukuthatha amayeza okanye ukutshintshela kwabanye abangenagonyamelo esibindini, uhlala unengcebiso yezonyango.

I-Hepatitis engapheliyo

Iimpawu eziphambili: Olu hlobo lwe-hepatitis lubonakaliswa kukudinwa, iintlungu ezidibeneyo, umkhuhlane, ukukhubazeka, ukunciphisa ukutya kunye nokulahleka kwememori.

Njengoko kusenzeka: I-hepatitis engapheliyo kukudumba kwesibindi okuhlala ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-6 kwaye kunokukhokelela kwisifo sokuqina kwesibindi okanye ukusilela kwesibindi kwaye, ngokuxhomekeke kubukhali bezilonda, ukufakelwa kwesibindi kungafuneka.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Unyango lwe-hepatitis engapheliyo luxhomekeke kubukrakra bezilonda kwaye lunokwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwamayeza, anje nge-corticosteroids ngokungenasiphelo, okanye ngokufakelwa kwesibindi.

Ichongwa njani i-hepatitis

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hepatitis kwenziwa ngugqirha oqhelekileyo, isifo esosulelayo okanye i-hepatologist ngovavanyo lweempawu ezichazwe ngumntu, ukongeza kwiziphumo zokucinga kunye novavanyo lwelabhoratri olunokucelwa.

Ukulinganisa iimvavanyo ezinje nge-ultrasound yesisu kunye nekhompyuter ye-tomography, umzekelo, zijolise ekuvavanyeni ubume kunye nokuthembeka kwesibindi. Uvavanyo lwelabhoratri lolona lusetyenziswa kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni i-hepatitis, kuba xa kukho ukwenzakala okanye ukudumba esibindini ngenxa yobukho beentsholongwane, izifo ezizimelayo okanye ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi okanye utywala, kukho imveliso enkulu yee-enzyme zesibindi, Oko kukuthi, Ukuxinana kwezi enzymes kuyanda egazini, kwaye uxinzelelo lwazo lunokusetyenziselwa ukubonisa ihepatitis kunye nenqanaba lesi sifo.

Ukongeza kuvavanyo lwee-enzyme zesibindi, ukwahlula uhlobo lwe-hepatitis, ugqirha unokucela iimvavanyo ze-serological ukuchonga ubukho be-antigen okanye ii-antibodies ezichasene ne-hepatitis virus ethile, kwaye emva koko angabonisa uhlobo lwe-hepatitis. Khangela ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezivavanya isibindi.