Yintoni umceli mngeni ophikisayo (TOD)

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu
• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Yintoni unyango

Ukuphazamiseka okuchasayo, okwaziwa ngokuba yi-TOD, kuhlala kwenzeka ebuntwaneni, kwaye kubonakala ngokuziphatha rhoqo komsindo, ubundlongondlongo, impindezelo, umceli mngeni, ukucaphukisa, ukungathobeli okanye iimvakalelo zomsindo, umzekelo.

Unyango luhlala luqukethe iiseshoni zonyango lwengqondo kunye noqeqesho lwabazali ukuze bakwazi ukumelana ngcono nesi sifo. Ukongeza, kwezinye iimeko, ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza kunokuthethelelwa, ekufuneka kumiselwe ngugqirha wezifo zengqondo.

Ziintoni iimpawu

Ukuziphatha kunye neempawu ezinokubonakalisa ebantwaneni abanengxaki yokuphikisana nengxaki yile:

• Ubundlongondlongo;
• Ukucaphuka
• Ukungathobeli kubantu abadala;
• Ukuphazamiseka kunye nokuphulukana nokuzola;
• Umceli mngeni kwimithetho;
• Casula abanye abantu;
• Ukugxeka abanye abantu ngeempazamo zabo;
• Yiba nomsindo,
• Ukuba nenqala kwaye uphazamiseke ngokulula,
• Yiba nenkohlakalo nokuziphindezela.

Ukuze ufumane ukuba unengxaki yokuphikisa, umntwana unokubonakalisa iimpawu ezimbalwa kuphela.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

I-DSM-5 yahlulahlula umngcipheko wokukhula komngeni ekuchaseni ukungangqinelani, ubume bendalo, imfuza kunye nokomzimba.

Izinto ezinobushushu zinxulumene neengxaki zolawulo lweemvakalelo kwaye zinceda ukuqikelela ukwenzeka kwesifo. Ukongeza, izinto zokusingqongileyo, ezinje ngendawo afakwa kuyo umntwana, ezinxulumene nokuziphatha gwenxa, okungahambelaniyo okanye ukungakhathali kwicala labazali babantwana, zikwanagalelo kuphuhliso lwesifo.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ngokwe-DSM-5, i-TOD inokuchongwa kubantwana abahlala bebonakalisa ngaphezulu kweempawu ezine kolu luhlu lulandelayo, zihlala ubuncinci iinyanga ezintandathu kwaye ubuncinci umntu omnye ongenguye umntakwabo:

• Ukuphulukana nokuphola kwakho;
• Iyabuthathaka okanye iyacaphuka msinya;
• Unomsindo kwaye unomsindo;
• Amanani egunya lokubuza okanye, kwimeko yabantwana nakwishumi elivisayo, kubantu abadala;
• Ucelomngeni kabukhali okanye uyala ukuthobela imigaqo okanye izicelo zamanani egunya;
• Iyabacaphukisa ngabom abanye abantu;
• Sola abanye ngeempazamo zakho okanye indlela yakho yokuziphatha embi;
• Ukhohlakele okanye uziphindezele ubuncinci kwinyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo.

Kuyimfuneko ukuba uqaphele ukuba umceli mngeni ophikisayo unokuba ngaphezulu kokusebenza ngendlela ecela umngeni okanye ukuphosa umsindo, oqhelekile ebantwaneni, kuba isimilo sokuchasana sethutyana sinokuba yinxalenye yophuhliso lobuntu obuqhelekileyo. Ke, kubalulekile ukuba abazali, abagcini kunye nootitshala bayakwazi ukwahlula indlela yokuziphatha echaseneyo yesiqhelo ekukhuleni komntwana, njengoko ifumana ukuzimela, kwisakhelo sokungaziphathi kakuhle, apho isimilo sobundlongondlongo obugqithisileyo, inkohlakalo ebantwini iphambili. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwepropathi, ubuxoki, ingqumbo kunye nokungathobeli rhoqo.

Yintoni unyango

Unyango lomceli mngeni ophikisayo lunokwahluka kakhulu kwaye lubandakanya ukukhuthaza uqeqesho lwabazali, ngenjongo yokunxibelelana ngokukuko nomntwana kunye nokunyanga usapho ukunika inkxaso nenkxaso kusapho.

Ukongeza, umntwana unokufuna iiseshoni zonyango lwengqondo kwaye, ukuba ukhetha, ugqirha wezifo zengqondo unokuyalela iziyobisi ezichasene ne-antipsychotic okanye ze-neuroleptic, ezinje nge-risperidone, i-quetiapine okanye i-aripiprazole, iziqinisi zemozulu, njenge-lithium carbonate, i-sodium divalproate, i-carbamazepine okanye i-topiramate, i-anti-depressants , ezinje nge-fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine, citalopram, escitalopram okanye venlafaxine kunye / okanye ii-psychostimulants zonyango lwe-ADHD, ngenxa yokuhlangana rhoqo ne-TOD, njenge-methylphenidate.

Funda ngakumbi malunga neNgcongolo yokuNqongophala kokuPhazamiseka kwengqondo (ADHD).