Yintoni isifo sephepha, iintlobo, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Isifo sephepha sinonyango
• Iimpawu eziphambili zesifo sephepha
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Ukuhanjiswa kwesifo sephepha

Isifo sephepha sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa Isifo sephepha seMicobacterium, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-bacchus kaKoch, engena emzimbeni nge-airways ephezulu kwaye ilala emiphungeni okanye kwamanye amalungu omzimba, ebonakalisa isifo sephepha esongezelelweyo..

Ke, kuxhomekeke apho ibacteria ikhoyo, isifo sephepha sinokuhlelwa sibe:

• Isifo sephepha sePulmonary: Yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yesi sifo kwaye yenzeka ngenxa yokungena kwentsholongwane kwindawo yokuphefumla kunye nokuhlala emiphungeni. Olu hlobo lwesifo sephepha lubonakala ngokukhohlela okomileyo okanye ngaphandle kwegazi, ukukhohlela yeyona ndlela iphambili yosulelo, kuba amathontsi amathe akhutshwe ngukhohlokhohlo ane-bacilli's Koch, enokuthi ichaphazele abanye abantu.
• Isifo sephepha: Sesinye sezifo ezinzulu zesifo sephepha kwaye senzeka xa i-bacillus ingena egazini kwaye ifikelela kuwo onke amalungu, ngomngcipheko we-meningitis. Ukongeza kwimiphunga echaphazeleka kakhulu, namanye amalungu anokuchaphazeleka.
• Isifo sephepha: Nangona ingaqhelekanga, iyenzeka xa i-bacillus ikwazi ukungena ikhule emathanjeni, enokubangela iintlungu nokudumba, okungasoloko kufunyaniswa kunyangwa isifo sephepha;
• Isifo sephepha esibandayo: Kubangelwa kukungena kwe-bacillus kwinkqubo ye-lymphatic, kwaye inokuchaphazela i-ganglia yesifuba, i-groin, isisu okanye, rhoqo, entanyeni. Olu hlobo lwesifo sephepha esihamba ngaphandle kwemiphunga alosuleli kwaye luyanyangeka xa lunyangwe ngokuchanekileyo. Qonda ukuba yintoni isifo sephepha, iimpawu, ukosuleleka kunye nendlela unyango olwenziwa ngayo.
• Isifo sephepha: Yenzeka xa i-bacillus ichaphazela i-pleura, izicwili ezibeka imiphunga, kubangela ubunzima obukhulu ekuphefumlweni. Olu hlobo lwesifo sephepha esiphumela ngaphandle kwemiphunga asosuleli, nangona kunjalo lunokufunyanwa xa unxibelelana nomntu onesifo sephepha semiphunga okanye sisifo sephepha semiphunga.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwesifo sephepha simahla, ke ukuba umntu ukrokrela ukuba unesifo, kufuneka aye esibhedlele okanye kwiziko lezempilo kwangoko. Unyango luquka ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi zesifo sephepha malunga neenyanga ezi-6 zilandelelana okanye ngokwesikhokelo se-pulmonologist. Ngokubanzi, irejimeni yonyango eboniswe sisifo sephepha yindibaniselwano yeRifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide kunye neEthambutol.

Kwiintsuku ezili-15 zokuqala zonyango, umntu kufuneka abekelwe bucala, kuba usenokudlulisela isifo sephepha kwabanye abantu. Emva kwelo xesha ungabuyela kwisiqhelo sakho kwaye uqhubeke nokusebenzisa amayeza. Qonda indlela esinyangwa ngayo isifo sephepha.

Isifo sephepha sinonyango

Isifo sephepha siyanyangeka xa unyango lwenziwe ngokuchanekileyo ngokweengcebiso zikagqirha. Ixesha lonyango lijikeleze iinyanga ezi-6 zilandelelana, oko kuthetha ukuba nokuba iimpawu ziyanyamalala kwiveki e-1, umntu kufuneka aqhubeke nokusela iyeza kude kube kugqityiwe iinyanga ezi-6. Ukuba oku akwenzeki, kusenokwenzeka ukuba i-bacillus yesifo sephepha ayisuswanga emzimbeni kwaye esi sifo asinyangeki, ukongeza, kunokubakho ukuxhathisa kwebhakteria, okwenza unyango lube nzima ngakumbi.

Iimpawu eziphambili zesifo sephepha

Ezona mpawu ziphambili zesifo sephepha semiphunga kukuma nokukhohlela okungagungqiyo kunye okanye ngaphandle kwegazi, ukwehla kobunzima, ukungabinamdla wokutya kunye nokuphefumla nzima. Kwimeko yesifo sephepha esihamba ngaphandle kwemiphunga, kunokubakho ukulahleka kwesidlo, ukuguqa, ukubila ebusuku kunye nomkhuhlane. Ukongeza, iimpawu kunye neempawu zinokubonakala kwindawo apho i-bacillus ifakwe khona. Jonga ukuba zeziphi iimpawu eziphambili zesifo sephepha.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sephepha semiphunga kunokwenziwa ngokwenza i-x-ray esifubeni kunye nokuvavanya isikhohlela kukhangelwa i-bacillus yesifo sephepha, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-BAAR (Alcohol-Acid Resistant Bacillus). Ukuchonga isifo sephepha esivela ngaphandle kwemiphunga, kucetyiswa ukuba i-biopsy yethishu echaphazelekayo. Uvavanyo lwesikhumba lwe-tuberculin lunokwenziwa, lukwabizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lolusu lwe-tuberculin. IMantoux okanye i-PPD, engalunganga nge-1/3 yezigulana. Qonda ukuba yenziwa njani iPPD.

Ukuhanjiswa kwesifo sephepha

Ukosulelwa sisifo sephepha kungenzeka emoyeni, ukusuka emntwini kuye emntwini ngokuphefumla amathontsi asulelekileyo akhutshwa ngokukhohlela, ukuthimla okanye ukuthetha. Unikezelo lunokwenzeka kuphela ukuba kukho ukubandakanyeka kwemiphunga kunye nokufikelela kwiintsuku ezili-15 emva kokuqala konyango.

Abantu abanamajoni omzimba athintelwe sisifo okanye ngenxa yobudala, abatshayayo kunye / okanye abasebenzisa iziyobisi kunokwenzeka ukuba bosulelwe sisifo sephepha i-bacillus kwaye bavelise esi sifo.

Ukuthintela ezona ndlela zinzima zesifo sephepha kunokwenziwa ngokugonya kwe-BCG ebuntwaneni. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuthintelwe indawo ezivaliweyo, ezingenamoya ungacacanga kakuhle elangeni, kodwa kubalulekile ukuhlala kude nabantu abanesifo sephepha. Jonga ukuba isifo sephepha sidluliselwa njani nokuba singasithintela njani.