Funda umahluko phakathi kwe-Ultrasound, X-Ray, Tomography kunye ne-Scintigraphy

Umxholo

• 1. I-Ultrasound
• 2. IX-reyi
• 3. Tomography
• 4. Iscrafigraphy

Ukulinganisa iimviwo kucelwa kakhulu ngoogqirha ukuba bancede ekuchongeni nasekuchazeni unyango lwezifo ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku kukho iimvavanyo zokucinga ezinokubonakaliswa ngokweempawu zomntu kunye novavanyo lukagqirha, njenge-ultrasound, i-X-ray, ikhompyuter ye-tomography kunye ne-scintigraphy. Nangona ezi mviwo ziyinto yokucinga, zonke zinezalathiso ezahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa.

1. I-Ultrasound

I-Ultrasound luhlobo lovavanyo lokucinga oluvumela ukubonwa kwexesha lokwenyani zalo naliphi na ilungu okanye izicwili emzimbeni. Olu lolona vavanyo lufanelekileyo kubafazi abakhulelweyo, kuba akukho nto ikhutshwa yimitha, ngenxa yoko ayiyongozi kwimveku engekazalwa. Xa olu vavanyo lwenziwa nge-doppler, kunokwenzeka ukugcina ukuhamba kwegazi. Qonda ukuba kwenziwa njani i-ultrasound.

Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound lunokunceda ekuchongeni nasekunyangeni iimeko ezininzi, ezinje:

• Uphando lwentlungu isisu okanye umqolo;
• Ukuphandwa kwezifo ezibandakanya isibeleko, iityhubhu kunye namaqanda, njenge-endometriosis;
• Ukubonakala kunye nohlalutyo lwe izihlunu, amalungu, imisipha kunye namalungu, ezinjenge-thyroid, isibindi, izintso kunye nesifuba, kwaye kunokuba luncedo ukujonga ubukho bamaqhuqhuva okanye amaqhakuva.

Kwi ukukhulelwa, i-ultrasound isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekubekeni iliso ekukhuleni kwemveku engekazalwa kwaye ichonga nasiphi na isiphoso esinokubakho, esifana ne-anencephaly nesifo sentliziyo, umzekelo. Jonga indlela eyenziwa ngayo i-ultrasound xa ukhulelwe.

2. IX-reyi

IX-reyi ngowona mfanekiso mdala kunye nowona mfanekiso usetyenziswayo ukuchonga ukwaphuka, umzekelo, kuba ivumela ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza kuba luvavanyo olulula nolutshiphu ngokunxulumene nekhompyuter ye-tomography, umzekelo. Ukongeza ekuchongeni ukwaphuka, iX-reyi ivumela ukuchongwa kosulelo kunye nokwenzakala kumalungu ahlukeneyo, anje ngemiphunga.

Ukwenza uviwo, ukulungiswa akuyomfuneko kwaye uviwo luhlala malunga nemizuzu eli-10 ukuya kweli-15. Nangona kunjalo, kuba kukho ukubonakaliswa kwimitha, nokuba incinci, olu vavanyo aliboniswanga kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba i-X-ray inokuluchaphazela ukukhula komntwana. Ukongeza, abantwana kufuneka bakuphephe ukuthatha i-x-ray rhoqo, kuba njengoko bekhula, imitha inokuphazamisa ukukhula kwethambo, umzekelo. Yazi umngcipheko we-radiography ekukhulelweni.

3. Tomography

I-Tomography luvavanyo olusebenzisa i-X-ray ukufumana umfanekiso, nangona kunjalo isixhobo sivelisa imifanekiso elandelelanayo evumela ukubonwa ngcono kwelungu kunye nokuchongwa ngokuchanekileyo. Ngenxa yokuba kusetyenziswa imitha, i-tomography akufuneki yenziwe kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, kwaye olunye uhlobo lokuhlolwa kwemifanekiso, njenge-ultrasound, kufuneka lwenziwe.

I-tomography ekhompyutheni ihlala ibonakalisiwe ukunceda ukufumanisa isifo sezihlunu kunye nethambo, jonga ubukho bokopha kunye ne-aneurysms, ukuphanda ukungalungi kwezintso, ukudumba kwengqondo, usulelo kunye nokulandela amathumba. Fumana ngakumbi malunga nokuba yeyiphi na ikhomputha ye-tomography.

4. Iscrafigraphy

I-Scintigraphy luvavanyo lomfanekiso oluvumela ukubonwa kwamalungu kunye nokusebenza kwawo ngolawulo lwento ene-radioactive, ebizwa ngokuba yi-radiopharmaceutical okanye i-radiotracer, efunxwa ngamalungu kwaye ichongwe sisixhobo ngemitha ekhutshiweyo, evelisa umfanekiso.

Njengoko ivumela uhlalutyo lomsebenzi welungu, i-scintigraphy isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-oncology ukuchonga indawo yamathumba kunye nokuphanda ubukho be-metastases, kodwa inokucelwa ngugqirha kwezinye iimeko, ezinje:

• uvavanyo lwe utshintsho lwemiphunga, ezinjenge-pulmonary embolism, i-emphysema kunye nokuqaqamba kwemithambo yegazi, ukunceda ekuchongeni nasekunyangeni kwezi zifo. Qonda ukuba yintoni i-lung scintigraphy kwaye yeyantoni;
• Uvavanyo lweamathambo, apho kuphandwa khona iimpawu zomhlaza okanye amathambo e-metastasis, ukongeza kwi-osteomyelitis, isifo samathambo, ukwaphuka, i-osteonecrosis kunye ne-infarction yethambo. Jonga ukuba yenziwe njani i-scintigraphy yethambo;
• Ukuchongwa kwe utshintsho lobuchopho, ikakhulu inxulumene nokunikezelwa kwegazi kwingqondo, ukuvumela ukuchongwa kunye nokubeka iliso kwizifo eziguqulwayo, ezinje nge-Alzheimer's kunye neParkinson's, ukongeza amathumba engqondo, ukubetha kunye nokuqinisekisa ukufa kwengqondo. Qonda indlela eyenziwe ngayo i-scintigraphy yethambo;
• Uvavanyo lwe ukumila kwezintso nokusebenza, ukusuka kwimveliso ukuya ekupheliseni umchamo. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-renal scintigraphy;
• Phanda ngobukho kunye nobungqongqo be Umahluko ekusebenzeni kwentliziyo, njenge-ischemia kunye ne-infarction, umzekelo. Funda indlela yokulungiselela i-myocardial scintigraphy;
• Qaphela umsebenzi we-thyroid kunye neenguqu, njengokufumaneka kwamaqhuqhuva, umhlaza, oonobangela be-hyper kunye ne-hypothyroidism kunye nokudumba kwi-thyroid. Jonga ukuba kwenziwa njani ukulungiselela i-scintigraphy ye-thyroid.

Ngokunxulumene ne-oncology, ihlala iboniswa ngugqirha ukwenza umzimba wonke we-scintigraphy, okanye i-PCI, evumela indawo ephambili yebele, isinyi, umhlaza wedlala lengqula, phakathi kwabanye, ukuvavanywa, kunye nokuvavanya ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo kunye nobukho beemastastase. Qonda ukuba i-scintigraphy yomzimba yenziwe njani kwaye yenzelwe ntoni.