Isitofu
Umxholo
- Isishwankathelo
- Yintoni ugonyo?
- Zithini iindidi zokugonya?
- Kwenzeka ntoni kwimpendulo yomzimba yokuzikhusela?
- Yintoni ugonyo nogonyo?
- Kutheni zibalulekile izitofu zokugonya?
- Yintoni ukhuseleko ekuhlaleni?
- Ngaba izitofu zikhuselekile?
- Yintoni ishedyuli yesitofu sokugonya?
Isishwankathelo
Yintoni ugonyo?
Izitofu zitofu (iidubulo), ulwelo, iipilisi, okanye izitshizi zempumlo ozithathayo ukufundisa amajoni omzimba wakho ukuba aqaphele kwaye azikhusele kwiintsholongwane eziyingozi. Umzekelo, kukho izitofu zokuzikhusela
- Iintsholongwane, njengalezo zibangela umkhuhlane kunye ne-COVID-19
- Ibhakteria, kubandakanya i-tetanus, diphtheria, kunye ne-pertussis
Zithini iindidi zokugonya?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokugonya:
- Amayeza okugonya aphilayo sebenzisa uhlobo olubuthathaka lwentsholongwane
- Izitofu ezingasebenziyo sebenzisa ingxelo ebuleweyo yentsholongwane
- Subunit, recombinant, polysaccharide, kunye ne-conjugate vaccins sebenzisa kuphela iziqwenga ezithile zentsholongwane, ezinje ngeprotein, iswekile, okanye istili sayo
- Amayeza okugonya Toxoid ezisebenzisa ityhefu (imveliso eyingozi) eyenziwe yintsholongwane
- Amayeza okugonya e-mRNA Sebenzisa i-RNA yomthunywa, enika iiseli zakho imiyalelo yendlela yokwenza iproteni okanye (isiqwenga seproteyini) sentsholongwane
- Ukugonywa kwentsholongwane Sebenzisa izixhobo zemvelo, ezinika iiseli zakho imiyalelo yokwenza iprotein yentsholongwane. Ezi zitofu zikwanayo intsholongwane eyahlukileyo engenabungozi nenceda ekungeniseni izinto zemvelo kwiiseli zakho.
Izitofu zokugonya zisebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa zonke zibangela ukuphendula komzimba. Impendulo yamajoni omzimba yindlela umzimba wakho ozikhusela ngayo kwizinto ozijonga njengezangaphandle okanye eziyingozi. Ezi zinto zibandakanya iintsholongwane ezinokubangela izifo.
Kwenzeka ntoni kwimpendulo yomzimba yokuzikhusela?
Kukho amanyathelo ahlukeneyo ekuphenduleni komzimba:
- Xa intsholongwane ihlasela, umzimba wakho uyibona ingaphandle
- Amajoni akho omzimba anceda umzimba wakho ukulwa nentsholongwane
- Amajoni akho omzimba ayayikhumbula nentsholongwane. Iya kuhlasela le ntsholongwane ukuba iphinde yahlasela kwakhona. Le "memory" ikukhusela kwisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane. Olu hlobo lokhuseleko lubizwa ngokuba liyeza.
Yintoni ugonyo nogonyo?
Ugonyo yinkqubo yokuzikhusela kwisifo. Kodwa isenokuthetha into enye nokugonywa, okufumana isitofu sokukhusela kwisifo.
Kutheni zibalulekile izitofu zokugonya?
Ugonyo lubalulekile kuba luyakukhusela kwizifo ezininzi. Ezi zifo zinokuba mandundu kakhulu. Ke ukukhuselwa kwisitofu kukhuselekile kunokufumana ukhuseleko ngokugula sesi sifo. Kwaye kwizitofu zokugonya ezimbalwa, ukugonywa kunokukunika impendulo engcono yomzimba kunokufumana isifo.
Kodwa izitofu zokugonya azikhuseli nje kuwe. Zikwakhusela nabantu abakungqongileyo ngokukhusela uluntu.
Yintoni ukhuseleko ekuhlaleni?
Ukhuseleko ekuhlaleni, okanye umhlambi ukungakhuseleki, luvo lokuba izitofu zinganceda ukugcina uluntu lusempilweni.
Ngokwesiqhelo, iintsholongwane zihamba ngokukhawuleza ekuhlaleni kwaye zigulise abantu abaninzi. Ukuba abantu abaneleyo bayagula, oko kungakhokelela kuqhambuko. Kodwa xa abantu aboneleyo begonyelwe isifo esithile, kuba nzima ukuba eso sifo sinwenwele nakwabanye. Olu hlobo lokhuselo luthetha ukuba uluntu ngokubanzi alufane lufumane esi sifo.
Ukhuseleko ekuhlaleni kubaluleke ngakumbi kubantu abangenakho ukufumana izitofu ezithile. Umzekelo, abanakho ukufumana isitofu sokugonya ngenxa yokuba buthathaka amajoni omzimba. Abanye banokuba ne-aleji kwizithako ezithile zokugonya. Kwaye iintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa zincinci kakhulu ukuba zingafumana izitofu zokugonya. Ukhuseleko ekuhlaleni lunokunceda ekubakhuseleni bonke.
Ngaba izitofu zikhuselekile?
Izitofu zikhuselekile. Kuya kufuneka bavavanye ukhuseleko kunye novavanyo olunzulu ngaphambi kokuba bavunywe eMelika.
Yintoni ishedyuli yesitofu sokugonya?
Isitofu sokugonya, okanye ugonyo, uluhlu lweeshedyuli zezitofu zokugonya ezicetyiswayo kumaqela ahlukeneyo abantu. Kubandakanya ukuba ngubani omele afumane izitofu zokugonya, ukuba zingaphi iidosi abazidingayo, kwaye kufuneka bazifumane nini. E-United States, amaZiko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo (CDC) apapasha ishedyuli yokugonya.
Kubalulekile kubantwana nakubantu abadala ukuba bafumane izitofu zabo ngokweshedyuli. Ukulandela ishedyuli kuyabavumela ukuba bafumane ukhuseleko kwizifo kanye ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
- Yintoni ukhuseleko ekuhlaleni?