Ulufumana nini ugonyo lwekholera

Umxholo

• Xa kubonisiwe
• Iindidi zokugonya kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa
• 1. Inkokheli
• 2. I-Shanchol
• 3. I-Euvichol
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka
• Ngubani ongafanele asebenzise
• Ungayikhusela njani ikholera

Isitofu sokugonya sekholera sisetyenziselwa ukunqanda ukosuleleka yintsholongwaneIkholera yevibrio, esiyi-microorganism ejongene nesi sifo, esinokudluliselwa komnye umntu siye emntwini okanye ngokusebenzisa amanzi angcolileyo okanye ukutya, okukhokelela kurhudo olukhulu kunye nokulahleka kolwelo oluninzi.

Iyeza lokugonya ikholera liyafumaneka kwimimandla enamathuba amakhulu okuphuhlisa nokusasaza esi sifo, kwaye alibandakanywanga kwishedyuli yokugonya, iboniswa kuphela kwiimeko ezithile. Ke, kubalulekile ukuba utyale imali kumanyathelo othintelo, njengokucoceka kwesandla kunye nokutya ngaphambi kokulungiselela kunye nokusetyenziswa, umzekelo.

Amachiza afumanekayo okuthintela ikholera yiDukoral, iShanchol ne-Euvichol, kwaye kufuneka anikwe ngomlomo.

Xa kubonisiwe

Okwangoku, isitofu sokugonya ikholera siboniswa kuphela kubantu abahlala kwimimandla esemngciphekweni wesifo, abakhenkethi abanqwenela ukuya kwiindawo ezingagungqiyo kunye nabemi bemimandla ejongene nokuqhambuka kwekholera, umzekelo.

Isitofu sokugonya sihlala sicetyiswa ukusukela kwiminyaka emi-2 kwaye kufuneka senziwe ngokungqinelana nengcebiso yengingqi, enokwahluka ngokwendawo esiye sahlolwa kuyo ikholera kunye nomngcipheko wokufumana isifo. Nangona isitofu sokusebenza sisasebenza, akufuneki sithathe indawo yamanyathelo othintelo. Funda konke malunga nekholera.

Iindidi zokugonya kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa

Okwangoku zimbini iintlobo eziphambili zokugonya ikholera, ezizezi:

1. Inkokheli

Sesona sitofu somlomo sisetyenziswa kakhulu kwikholera. Inezinto ezine ezahluka-hlukeneyo zebacteria yokulala kunye nenani elincinci le-toxin eveliswe yile ntsholongwane, ikwazi ukukhuthaza amajoni omzimba kunye nokubonelela ngokhuseleko kwesi sifo.

Ithamo lokuqala lokugonya libonakalisiwe kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 ubudala, kunye nezinye iidosi ezi-3 zibonisiwe kwisithuba seveki ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-6. Kubantwana abangaphezulu kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala nakubantu abadala, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ichiza linikezelwe ngeedosi ezimbini kwisithuba seveki enye ukuya kwi-6.

2. I-Shanchol

Sisigonyo somlomo sokulwa ikholera, esineentlobo ezimbini ezithile zeIkholera yevibrio ayisebenzi, O 1 kunye no-O 139, kwaye iyacetyiswa kubantwana ngaphezulu konyaka omnye kunye nabantu abadala kwiidosi ezi-2, ngekhefu leentsuku ezili-14 phakathi kwedosi, kwaye ukukhuthaza kuyacetyiswa emva kweminyaka emi-2.

3. I-Euvichol

Ikwayindlela yokugonya yekholera yomlomo, equka iintlobo ezimbini ezithile zeIkholera yevibrio Inactivated, O 1 and O 139. Iyeza lingafakwa kubantu abadala kunonyaka omnye, kwiidosi ezimbini zokugonya, kwisithuba seeveki ezimbini.

Omabini la machiza anama-50 ukuya kuma-86% asebenzayo kwaye ukhuseleko olupheleleyo kwesi sifo luhlala lwenzeka kwiintsuku ezisi-7 emva kokuphela kwenkqubo yokugonya.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka

Isitofu sokugonya sekholera asihlali sibangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, intloko ebuhlungu, urhudo, iintlungu zesisu okanye ukubamba.

Ngubani ongafanele asebenzise

Isitofu sokugonya sekholera asikhuthazwa kubantu abane-hypersensitivity nakweyiphi na into yeyeza lokugonya kwaye kufuneka limiselwe elinye ixesha ukuba umntu unefiva okanye unayo nayiphi na imeko echaphazela isisu okanye amathumbu.

Ungayikhusela njani ikholera

Uthintelo lwekholera lwenziwa ikakhulu ngokwamkelwa kwemilinganiselo yezempilo, njengokuhlamba izandla ngokufanelekileyo, umzekelo, ukongeza kumanyathelo akhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi nokutya ngokukhuselekileyo. Ke, kubalulekile ukunyanga amanzi okusela, ukongeza i-sodium hypochlorite kwilitha nganye yamanzi, kunye nokuhlamba ukutya ngaphambi kokukulungisa okanye ukuwasebenzisa.

Funda ngakumbi malunga nokuthintela ikholera.