I-Vasculitis: yintoni, unobangela, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• Ziintoni iimpawu
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Vasculitis, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-angeitis, kukudumba kwemithambo yegazi enokuchaphazela kuphela umthambo omnye okanye uninzi, kunye namalungu ahlukeneyo emzimbeni. Ke, isiphumo esiphambili se-vasculitis kukucuthwa okanye ukuvaleka kokuhamba kwegazi kwisitya esichaphazelekayo, esinokubangela ischemia, kukunqongophala kweoksijini kwizihlunu kwaye kunokukhokelela kwi-necrosis yendawo etshisiweyo.

I-Vasculitis inokuhlelwa ngokwezizathu kunye neempawu kwi:

• I-vasculitis yaseprayimari, apho iimpawu zinokubonakala kubantu abasempilweni, ngaphandle kwembali yezifo;
• I-vasculitis yesibini, ezibonakala iimpawu zabantu abaye bafumanisa ukuba banesifo, njenge-lupus erythematosus, isifo se-Buerger, i-schönlein-henoch purpura.

Ukuchongwa kwezi ntlobo zombini ze-vasculitis kwenziwa kuvavanyo lwegazi kunye nokucinga, kubalulekile ukuba ugqirha ajonge ubungqongqo besifo kwaye abonakalise olona nyango luchanekileyo, olunokubakho nge-corticosteroids okanye i-immunosuppressants.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

Izizathu zokuqala kwe-vasculitis azicacanga ncam, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi kubonakala ngathi zinxulumene nesifo sokuzimela, ke kukholelwa ukuba imeko yemfuza yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo ekubonakalisweni kwayo.

Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku kukho izinto ezisingqongileyo ezibonisa amandla okuphuhlisa i-vasculitis emntwini, njengokusebenzisa icocaine okanye iiamphetamines, ubukho beentsholongwane ezinje ngehepatitis B okanye C kunye neparvovirus B19. Ukongeza, i-vasculitis inokubangelwa ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza athile, anje ngePenicillamine, iPropylthiouracil, iHydralazine, iMinocycline okanye ukuvezwa kwesilica.

Ziintoni iimpawu

Kuba nawuphi na umthambo wegazi emzimbeni unokuchaphazeleka, i-vasculitis inokubangela iimpawu ezahlukileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwingingqi okanye kwilungu elichaphazelekayo sesi sifo. Ke, iimpawu ze-vasculitis ngokwengingqi echaphazelekayo, zinokuba:

• Ulusu: amabala amdaka avela ngokwamaqela kwaye anokukhokelela ekonakaleni kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela okanye ukulahleka kwemvakalelo kulo mmandla;
• Impumlo neendlebe: sinusitis ephindaphindayo, ukuphuma kweempumlo, izilonda zempumlo eziphindaphindayo okanye i-otitis, isithulu sethutyana, ilizwi elirhawuzelelayo, iintlungu zempumlo;
• Izintso: ubukho beeproteni kunye / okanye igazi kumchamo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, amalungu adumbileyo kunye nobuso, umchamo onamafu;
• Amathumbu: iintlungu zesisu rhoqo emva kokutya, ilindle elinegazi;
• Imiphunga: ukukhohlela igazi, ukuphefumla kancinci, ukuvutha xa uphefumla, inyumoniya enganyangekiyo ngamayeza;
• Amalungu: iintlungu, ukudumba, ubushushu, ubomvu kunye nobunzima ekuhambiseni amalungu;
• Amehlo: ubunzima kumbono, umbono ophindwe kabini okanye ophazamisayo, iintlungu zamehlo okanye iliso elibomvu;
• Imithambo-luvoUkusukaamalungu: ubuthathaka bemisipha, ukubetha, ukukhubazeka.

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokubakho kwi-vasculitis kukuphulukana nobunzima ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, iintlungu zomzimba eziphindaphindayo, ukudinwa kakhulu, ukuphelelwa ngumdla, ukubola okanye umkhuhlane.

Ukuba kukho urhano lokuba ne-vasculitis, kubalulekile ukuba ufune unyango ngokukhawuleza, kuba i-vasculitis inokonakalisa kakhulu amalungu anje ngemiphunga okanye izintso.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-vasculitis kwenziwa yi-angiologist okanye i-rheumatologist kwaye kuya kwenziwa emva kokuhlalutya imbali yesifo somntu, kwaye kwezinye iimeko iimvavanyo zaselabhoratri ezinjengokufumanisa i-anti-cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), izilwa-buhlungu ezihlasela icytoplasm, inokuba kuceliwe., uvavanyo lomchamo, ii-electrolyte, i-creatinine, uvavanyo lwegazi olupheleleyo kunye novavanyo lwe-FAN, ejolise ekufumaneni ubukho be-autoantibodies egazini. Qonda ukuba yintoni uvavanyo lwe-FAN kwaye lwenziwa njani.

Kwiimeko zokukrokrela ukuba i-vasculitis ifikelele kwilungu, iimvavanyo zisenokufuneka ukuze kuvavanywe ukusebenza kwamalungu achaphazelekayo kumalungu, anje ngemifanekiso yemagneti yokuphononongwa, i-ultrasound kunye ne-computed tomography, ukongeza kwi-biopsy.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lweendlela ezahlukeneyo ze-vasculitis lwenziwa ngokwesizathu sokudumba kunye nobukrakra bemeko yomntu. Ngamanye amaxesha, unyango lwenziwa ngamachiza e-corticosteroid, anje ngehydrocortisone, dexamethasone, mometasone kunye ne-betamethasone, umzekelo, ukongeza kwi-immunosuppressants ezinje nge-azathioprine, cyclophosphamide okanye mycophenolate. Jonga ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zecorticosteroids kunye nokuba zezantoni.

Nangona kunjalo, kwi-vasculitis enzima, echaphazela amalungu, umntu kufuneka ahlale esibhedlele ukuze afumane unyango olufanelekileyo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko utyando luyimfuneko ukubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi kwisitya esonzakele ngokudumba.

Kunye nonyango lweziyobisi, okwangoku ukuziqhelanisa nokuzilolonga umzimba, ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo, ukutya okusempilweni kunye nokunciphisa amanqanaba oxinzelelo kubonisiwe kubalulekile kwaye kuneziphumo ezigqwesileyo kunyango lwe-vasculitis.