Kuthetha Ukuthini Ukuba kwimeko yoTyalo-mali?

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Ifunyaniswa njani le meko?
• Yintoni enokubangela le meko?
• Ukulimala kwengqondo okungapheliyo
• Ukulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu (i-TBI)
• Ukuqhubela phambili kokonakala kwengqondo
• Ngaba lukhona unyango?
• Kuthekani ukuba oku kuyenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
• Izigqibo zamalungu osapho
• Ithini imbono yabantu abakweli lizwe?
• Yintoni onokuyilindela emva koko
• Umgca wezantsi

Isimo semifuno, okanye ukungazi kunye nokungaphenduli, sisifo esithile sokuxilongwa kwemithambo-luvo apho umntu enesiqu esisebenzayo sobuchopho kodwa engazi okanye esenza umsebenzi wokuqonda.

Abantu abakwimeko yokungazi nabangaphenduliyo bangena phakathi kokulala nokuvuka. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba sele bevukile, abanakho ukunxibelelana nabanye abantu okanye indawo ebangqongileyo.

Funda njengoko sijonga oonobangela beli lizwe lemithambo-luvo, ukuba lahluke njani ekufeni okanye ekufeni kwengqondo, kwaye kufunyaniswa njani kwaye kunyangwa njani.

Imiba yeeLwimi

Ukuba unomntu othandekayo okwimeko yokungazi nokuphendula, oogqirha banokubhekisa kuyo njengemeko "yezityalo".

Kodwa ukwahluka kweli gama kusetyenziswe ngeendlela ukuthukisa okanye ukwenzakalisa abanye. Ngenxa yokudideka kunye neentlungu ezinokubangela abo ubathandayo, iingcali ze-neurologists zenzelwe le meko yokuqonda.
Elinye lala magama “kukungazi nokungaphenduli,” esiza kulisebenzisa kweli nqaku.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

Umntu okwimeko yokungazi nongaphenduliyo uye wenzakala kwingqondo. Abanawo umsebenzi wokuqonda, okanye amandla okucinga. Kodwa kuba ingqondo yabo isasebenza, umntu unoku:

• lawula ukuphefumla kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo ngaphandle koncedo
• vula amehlo abo
• ube nomjikelo wokulala
• ube nengqondo esisiseko
• hambisa amehlo abo, blink, okanye ukukrazula
• gxuma, gxuma, okanye ubonakale uncumile

Abakwazi uku:

• landela izinto ngamehlo abo
• phendula kumazwi okanye kwimiyalelo yomlomo
• thetha okanye unxibelelane ngokuqhwanyaza okanye ukwenza umqondiso
• hamba ngenjongo
• sebenzisana neendawo ezibangqongileyo
• bonisa iimpawu zovakalelo
• bonakalisa iimpawu zokwazisa

Oku kungazi nokungaphenduliyo kwahlukile kwezi meko ezifanayo:

• Isimo esincinci sokuqonda. Umntu uyatshintsha phakathi kolwazi kunye nokusilela kolwazi.
• Coma. Umntu akavuki okanye azi.
• Ukufa kwengqondo. Ukonakala kwengqondo kunye nesiqu sobuchopho ngokungaguquguqukiyo.
• Isitshixo esivaliweyo. Umntu unolwazi kwaye uyazi ngokupheleleyo kodwa ukhubazeke ngokupheleleyo kwaye akakwazi ukuthetha.

Ifunyaniswa njani le meko?

Ukuchongwa kwesimo sokungazi nokungaphenduli kufuna:

• ubukho bomjikelo wokulala-wokuvuka
• akukho ntetho yolwimi okanye ukuqonda
• akukho bungqina bokuzinza, ukuzala kwakhona, injongo, okanye impendulo yokuzithandela kukhuthazo lokubona, isandi, ivumba okanye ukubamba.
• isiqu esisebenzayo sobuchopho

Olunye olu lwazi luza kuvela ekuqwalaselweni ngokuthe ngqo ngugqirha wemithambo-luvo.

Ugqirha wemithambo-luvo unokusebenzisa uvavanyo lokuqonda isifo ukuqinisekisa isifo. Olu vavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• I-EEG (electroencephalogram) yokuvavanya umsebenzi wombane kwingqondo
• Iskena se-CT okanye se-MRI ukunceda ukuvavanya umonakalo kwingqondo nakwisiqu sobuchopho
• Ukuskena i-PET ukunceda ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwengqondo

inyani

Imeko yokungazi nokuphendula ilandela isiqaqa.

Yintoni enokubangela le meko?

Ukonzakala kwengqondo ebukhali ngenxa yokugula okanye yokwenzakala kubangela imeko yokungazi kunye nokungaphenduli.

Ukulimala kwengqondo okungapheliyo

Olu hlobo lokonzakala kwengqondo lunokwenzeka xa ingqondo ihluthwe ioksijini, okanye izicwili zobuchopho zonakalisiwe. Ezinye izizathu zoku zibandakanya:

• libanda, iziyobisi
• encephalitis
• ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• meningitis
• kufutshane nokuntywila
• ityhefu
• i-aneurysm eqhekekileyo
• inhalation yomsi
• ukubetha

Ukulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu (i-TBI)

Olu hlobo lokulimala kwengqondo sisiphumo sokwenzakala onokukufumana kwimpembelelo enamandla entloko ngenxa:

• ingozi yemoto
• ukuwa ukuphakama okukhulu
• Indawo yokusebenza okanye ingozi yembaleki
• ukubetha

Ukuqhubela phambili kokonakala kwengqondo

Oku kwenzakala kwengqondo kunokuba ngenxa yeemeko ezinje:

• Isifo se-Alzheimer
• ithumba lobuchopho
• Isifo sikaParkinson

inyani

Kwiimeko ezisongela ubomi, oogqirha banokukhetha ukuphembelela ikhoma. Oku kukhusela ingqondo kwaye kuyinike ixesha lokuphilisa. Nangona kunjalo, ukungaphenduli nokungazi kuchaziwe hayi ukunyangwa kwezonyango.

Ngaba lukhona unyango?

Akukho lunyango lokwenyani. Endaweni yokuba kugxilwe kukhathalelo oluxhasayo ukuze ingqondo iphilise. Umntu uya kujongwa ngononophelo kwiinguqu okanye iimpawu zokuphuculwa.

Ukongeza, oogqirha baya kuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela iingxaki ezinokubakho, ezinje:

• usulelo
• ukukrala kwemiphunga
• ukusilela ekuphefumuleni

Inkxaso yenkxaso inokubandakanya:

• ityhubhu yokondla ukubonelela ngezondlo
• Ukutshintsha izikhundla rhoqo ukunqanda izilonda zoxinzelelo
• unyango lomzimba ukuze usebenze kakuhle amalungu
• ukhathalelo lolusu
• ukhathalelo lomlomo
• Ukulawulwa kwemisebenzi yamathumbu kunye nesinyi

Iingcali ezahlukeneyo zinokubandakanya amalungu osapho ekuzameni ukukhuthaza iimvakalelo kunye nokuphendula impendulo ngo:

• ndithetha nabo ngezinto abaziqhelileyo
• ukudlala umculo, umabonwakude, okanye iifilimu ozithandayo
• ibonisa imifanekiso yosapho
• ukongeza iintyatyambo, iziqholo ozithandayo, okanye ezinye izivumba kwigumbi
• ukubamba okanye ukuphulula isandla okanye ingalo yabo

Unyango luya kuqala kwimeko yokunyanga esibhedlele. Ngamanye amaxesha, umntu unokutshintshelwa kwikhaya labongikazi okanye kwelinye iziko lokhathalelo lwexesha elide.

Kuthekani ukuba oku kuyenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Ukwenzakala kwengqondo okukhokelela ekubeni ungazi kwaye ungaphenduli inokwenzeka nakubani na. Xa isenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ifuna uvavanyo olunonopheleyo bobabini umama nosana.

Kwimeko enye ebhaliweyo, umfazi okhulelweyo wangena kweli lizwe kwiiveki ezili-14 zokukhulelwa. Wanikwa ukhathalelo lokuxhasa kwaye wabelekiswa ngoqhaqho kwiiveki ezingama-34. Usana lwaluphilile. Umama uhleli engazi nto kwaye engaphenduli kangangenyanga enye phambi kokuba asweleke.

Kwenye imeko, umfazi wayemalunga neeveki ezi-4 ekhulelwe xa engena engazi kwaye engaphenduli. Ngononophelo, wakwazi ukuphatha usana olungekazalwa ezinye iiveki ezingama-29.

Ukulandela ukusebenza ngaphambi kwexesha, wazala umntwana osempilweni. Umama wahlala kwimeko yemithambo-luvo.

Izigqibo zamalungu osapho

Umntu okule meko yemithambo-luvo unokuphila amashumi eminyaka, kodwa uninzi lwabantu luya kuphila iminyaka embalwa. Njengelungu losapho, kungafuneka wenze izigqibo ezibalulekileyo malunga nokukhathalela kwabo, ezinje:

• ukufumana indawo efanelekileyo yokuhlala
• Ukujongana nemiba yezemali yokhathalelo lwexesha elide
• ukwenza izigqibo zokuxhasa ubomi ezibandakanya ukuphefumla, iityhubhu zokondla, kunye namanye amanyathelo asetyenziselwa ukugcina umntu ephila
• Ukukhetha ukuba utyikitye ungavuseleli kwakhona (DNR) ke akukho manyathelo okusindisa ubomi aya kuthathwa xa umntu eyeka ukuphefumla

Ezi zigqibo ezinzima ekufuneka zibandakanye ingxoxo enzulu noogqirha ababandakanyekayo.

Ukuba umntu akanalo ilungelo lokuphila okanye amandla ezonyango, kungaluncedo ukubonisana negqwetha malunga namalungelo noxanduva lwakho.

Ithini imbono yabantu abakweli lizwe?

Abantu abakwimeko yokungazi nabangaphenduliyo banokutshintshela kwimeko encinci yokuqonda.

Abanye baya kuthi ngokuthe ngcembe babuyele ezingqondweni. Abanye baya kuqhubeka nokuphulukana nokusebenza kwengqondo. Akukho ndlela yokuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba ngubani na oya kuphila. Ukubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kuxhomekeke:

• uhlobo kunye nobunzima bokwenzakala
• ubudala bomntu
• wayemde kangakanani umntu eburhulumenteni

Xa imeko yemithambo-luvo engaqondanga kwaye ingaphenduli ithatha ngaphezulu kweeveki ezi-4, ibizwa ngokuba sisimo esiphikelelayo sezityalo (PVS).

Phakathi kwabantu abane-TBI abahlala kwimeko yokungazi kunye nokungaphenduliyo kwinyanga, malunga neepesenti ezingama-50 babuyela ezingqondweni. Abanye banokushiyeka benokhubazeko olungapheliyo. Ukuchacha kunokuba nzima ngakumbi kubantu abanengxaki yokugula okanye yokwenzakala kwengqondo okungalunganga.

Iqwalaselwa njenge-PVS ukuba ibiyenye:

• kubangelwe kukonzakala kwengqondo okungathathi ntweni kwaye kuye kwahlala ixesha elingaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-6
• ngenxa ye-TBI kwaye ihlale ixesha elide kuneenyanga ezili-12

Ukuchacha kusenokwenzeka, kodwa akunakwenzeka oko. Abo babuyela ezingqondweni emva kwexesha elide banokushiyeka benokukhubazeka okukhulu ngenxa yomonakalo wobuchopho.

Yintoni onokuyilindela emva koko

Iimpawu zokuqala zokuchacha zinokulandela umkhombandlela olula, njengo "Cudisa isandla sam." Umntu unokuzama ukunxibelelana ngokunqwala, ngokufikelela into ethile okanye ngokwenza umqondiso.

Banokuba kwimeko yokuziva encinci ekuqaleni, ke inkqubela phambili inokuma kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe iphuculwe kwakhona.

Ukubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kuye kwahluka kuye ngomntu. Emva kovavanyo olucokisekileyo, ugqirha unokubonelela ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokujonga ngokubanzi kunye nento onokuyenza ukunceda.

Umgca wezantsi

Imeko yemithambo-luvo engaphenduliyo nengaphenduliyo ayifani nokuba yingqondo-efileyo.

Ingqondo yakho isasebenza nangoku, kwaye uhamba kumjikelo wokulala ubuthongo. Kodwa awuyazi kwaye awukwazi ukunxibelelana nendawo ekungqongileyo. Le meko ye-neurological ilandela ikhoma.

Unyango ikakhulu lubandakanya ukhathalelo oluxhasayo. Ukuchacha ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bokwenzakala kwengqondo. Ityala ngalinye lahlukile.

Ugqirha oya khona unokukunceda uqonde ngakumbi kwaye ungalindela ntoni.