Ngaba uziva njani umhlaza webele? Funda iiMpawu

Umxholo

• Livakalelwa njani iqhuma?
• Ziziphi ezinye iimpawu zomhlaza webele?
• Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?
• Ndingalindela ntoni kugqirha wam?
• Umngcipheko webele
• Umhlaza webele emadodeni
• Uzihlola njani?
• Ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela amaqhuma amabele
• Ukuthatha

USergey Filimonov / iStocky United

Ukubaluleka kokuzivavanya ngokwakho

I-American Cancer Society's (ACS) izikhokelo zakutshanje zibonisa ukuba iimviwo zokuzihlola azibonisanga sibonelelo sicacileyo, ngakumbi kwabasetyhini abafumana novavanyo lweemammograms, naxa oogqirha beqhuba ezo mviwo. Okwangoku, amanye amadoda nabasetyhini bayakufumana umhlaza wamabele kwaye bafumane ukuba unawo ngenxa yesigaqa esifunyenwe ngexesha lokuzivavanya.

Ukuba ungumfazi, kubalulekile ukuba uqhelane nendlela amabele akho abukeka ngayo kwaye uwajonge rhoqo. Oku kuya kukunceda uqaphele naluphi na utshintsho okanye ukuphazamiseka njengoko kusenzeka.

Onke amaqhuma amabele afanele unyango. Amaqhuma angaqhelekanga okanye amaqhuma kwizicubu zamabele zizinto ekufuneka zivavanywe ngugqirha. Uninzi lwamaqhuma alunomhlaza.

Livakalelwa njani iqhuma?

Amaqhuma omhlaza webele awaziva onke ngokufanayo. Ugqirha wakho kufuneka ahlole naliphi na iqhuma, nokuba lihlangabezana nezona mpawu zixhaphake apha ngezantsi.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, isisu somhlaza esifubeni:

• ubunzima obunzima
• ayinazintlungu
• inemiphetho engaqhelekanga
• ayisebenzi (ayishukumi xa ityhalwa)
• ivela kwinxalenye engaphezulu engaphezulu yesifuba sakho
• ikhula ngokuhamba kwexesha

Ayingawo onke amaqhuma omhlaza aya kudibana nezi nqobo zokugweba, kwaye nesigaqa somhlaza esinazo zonke ezi mpawu asiqhelekanga. Isigaxa somhlaza sinokuziva sirhangqiwe, sithambile, kwaye sithambile kwaye sinokwenzeka naphina ebeleni. Ngamanye amaxesha, iqhuma linokuba buhlungu.

Abanye abantu basetyhini banezicubu zamabele ezixineneyo, ezinemicu. Ukuziva amaqhuma okanye utshintsho kumabele akho kunokuba nzima ngakumbi ukuba kunjalo.

Ukuba namabele ashinyeneyo kukwenza kube nzima ngakumbi ukufumana umhlaza webele kwiimammograms. Ngaphandle kwezicubu eziqinileyo, usenokukwazi ukubona ukuba utshintsho luqala nini ebeleni.

Ziziphi ezinye iimpawu zomhlaza webele?

Ukongeza kwiqhuma, unokufumana enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo ziqhelekileyo zeempawu zomhlaza wamabele:

• ukudumba kwinxalenye okanye lonke ibele lakho
• Ukukhutshwa kwengono (ngaphandle kobisi lwebele, ukuba ukuncancisa)
• ukucaphuka kolusu okanye ukukala
• ukuba bomvu kwesikhumba esifubeni neengono
• ukujiya kwesikhumba esifubeni neengono
• Ingono ijikela ngaphakathi
• ukudumba engalweni
• ukudumba phantsi kwekhwapha
• ukudumba ujikeleze ithambo lekhola

Kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho ukuba unazo naziphi na kwezi mpawu, kunye okanye ngaphandle kobukho besigaxa. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi zimpawu azibangelwa ngumhlaza. Okwangoku, wena nogqirha wakho niyakufuna ukwenza iimvavanyo ukufumanisa ukuba kutheni kusenzeka.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Umhlaza webele ufunyanwa kwabasetyhini eUnited States. Uninzi lwamaqhuma amabele alunomhlaza, nangona kunjalo. Kuya kufuneka utyelele ugqirha wakho xa ubona okanye uziva nantoni na entsha okanye engaqhelekanga esifubeni sakho ngexesha lokuzivavanya.

Ngaphandle kwezibalo kunye nezikhokelo ze-ACS, uninzi lwabasetyhini lusakhetha ukuqhubeka nokwenza iimviwo. Nokuba ukhetha ukwenza iimviwo okanye awuzikhetheli, kuya kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nobudala obufanelekileyo ukuqala ukubala iimammograms.

Ukulandela izikhokelo zokuvavanywa komhlaza wamabele yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu onokuyenza ukuqinisekisa ubhaqo lomhlaza wamabele kwangoko. Uza kufunyanwa msinyane umhlaza webele, unyango luqala kwangoko, kwaye imeko yakho iya kuba ngcono.

Ndingalindela ntoni kugqirha wam?

Yenza idinga nogqirha wakho okanye ugqirha wamazinyo. Tshela ugqirha wakho malunga nendawo entsha oyichongileyo kunye neempawu oziva ngazo. Ugqirha wakho uya kuqhuba uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwebele kwaye unokujonga iindawo ezikufuphi, kubandakanya ikhola yakho, intamo kunye neendawo zekhwapha.

Ngokusekwe kwinto abavakalelwa ngayo, ugqirha unokuyalela uvavanyo olongezelelweyo, njenge-mammogram, i-ultrasound, okanye i-biopsy.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ixesha lokulinda. Ngeli xesha, wena nogqirha wakho niya kuqhubeka ukubeka esweni isigaxa salo naluphi na utshintsho okanye ukukhula. Ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukukhula, ugqirha wakho kufuneka aqale ukuvavanya ukulawula umhlaza.

Nyaniseka kugqirha malunga nezinto ezikukhathazayo. Ukuba imbali yakho yobuqu okanye yosapho ikubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nomhlaza wamabele, unokufuna ukuqhubela phambili novavanyo olufanelekileyo lokuqonda isifo ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba isigaqa sakho somhlaza ngumhlaza okanye enye into.

Umngcipheko webele

Izinto ezithile zomngcipheko zinokunyusa amathuba akho okuba nomhlaza wamabele. Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi azinakutshintshwa; ezinye zinokuncitshiswa okanye zisuswe ngokusekwe kwindlela ophila ngayo.

Imiba ebaluleke kakhulu yomngcipheko webele ibandakanya:

• Isini. Abasetyhini kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba babe nomhlaza wamabele kunamadoda.
• Ubudala. Umhlaza webele ohlaselayo uxhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-55.
• Imbali yosapho. Ukuba isihlobo sokuqala, njengomama, udade, okanye intombi, sinomdlavuza webele, umngcipheko wakho uphindwe kabini.
• Imfuza. Ipesenti encinci yomhlaza wamabele inokubangelwa yimfuza edluliselwe kwisizukulwana ukuya kwisizukulwana.
• Uhlanga. , AmaSpanishi / amaLatina kunye nabasetyhini baseAsia banamathuba amancinci okuba nomhlaza wamabele kunabafazi abamhlophe nabamnyama baseMelika. Abasetyhini base-Afrika nabaseMelika kunokwenzeka ukuba babhaqwe ukuba banomhlaza wamabele ophindwe kathathu, onobundlongondlongo kwaye onokuthi ukhule ebudaleni. Abafazi base-Afrika-baseMelika nabo kunokwenzeka ukuba babulawe ngumhlaza wamabele xa kuthelekiswa nabasetyhini abaMhlophe.
• Ubunzima. Ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukutyeba kakhulu kwandisa umngcipheko womhlaza webele.
• Iimeko zesifuba seBenign. Iimeko ezithile zesifuba (ezingabonakalisi umdlavuza) zinokuchaphazela umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wamabele kamva.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwehormone. Ukuba ubusebenzisa okanye ngoku usebenzisa unyango lwehomoni (HRT), umngcipheko womhlaza wamabele unokuphakama.
• Imbali yokuya exesheni. Ixesha lokuqala lokuya esikhathini (ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-12) linokuphakamisa umngcipheko womhlaza webele.
• Ukuyeka ukuya exesheni emva kwexesha. Ukulibaziseka kokuyeka ukuya exesheni (emva kweminyaka engama-55) kunokukuveza kwiihormoni ezingaphezulu, ezinokonyusa umngcipheko wakho.
• Izicubu zamabele ezixineneyo. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba abasetyhini abanezicubu zamabele ezixineneyo banamathuba okuba nomhlaza. Izicubu zinokwenza ukuba umhlaza ube nzima ngakumbi.
• Ukuhlala nje kuphela. Abasetyhini abangazilolongi rhoqo kunokwenzeka ukuba babe nomhlaza wamabele kunabasetyhini abenza umthambo rhoqo.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba. Ukutshaya kwandisa umngcipheko womhlaza wamabele, ngakumbi kwabasetyhini abancinci abangakhange baye exesheni okwangoku.
• Ukusetyenziswa kotywala. Kuzo zonke iziselo onayo, umngcipheko womhlaza wesifuba unokunyuka. Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukusela utywala kunokuba kulungile, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kotywala kakhulu kunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu womhlaza wamabele.

Umhlaza webele emadodeni

Uninzi lomhlaza webele lufunyaniswa kwabasetyhini. Nangona kunjalo, amadoda anezicubu zamabele kwaye anokuhlakulela umhlaza webele. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphantsi kwepesenti enye yazo zonke i-cancer zomhlaza zenzeka emadodeni.

Iimpawu zomhlaza wamabele emadodeni ziyafana neempawu zomhlaza wamabele kwabasetyhini. Ezi mpawu zibandakanya:

• isigaxa esifubeni esinye
• Ingono ejikela ngaphakathi (ii-inverts)
• Ingono yengono
• Ukukhutshwa kwingono
• ubomvu, ukuncipha, okanye ukukala kulusu lwebele
• ububomvu okanye izilonda kwingono okanye iringi ejikeleze ingono
• i-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo emakhwapheni

Njengabafazi, umhlaza webele emadodeni unokusasazeka okanye ugcotyeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Ukuchonga umhlaza kwinqanaba lokuqala kubalulekile. Ngale ndlela, wena kunye nogqirha wakho unokuqalisa ngokukhawuleza ukunyanga umhlaza.

Ngelixa umhlaza wamabele unqabile emadodeni, ezinye izinto eziqhelekileyo zomngcipheko ziyaziwa. Funda uluhlu lwezinto ezinobungozi besifo somhlaza wesifuba, kwaye ufumane indlela onokuwunciphisa ngayo umngcipheko.

Uzihlola njani?

Iindlela zovavanyo zinceda wena kunye nogqirha wakho ukuba nichonge iindawo ezikrokrisayo ebeleni. I-mammogram lukhetho oluqhelekileyo lokujonga. Ukuzihlola kwamabele yenye into.

Ukuzihlola kwakuthathwa njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yokufumanisa umdlavuza webele kwangoko kumashumi eminyaka. Namhlanje, nangona kunjalo, kunokukhokelela kwi-biopsies ezininzi ezingeyomfuneko kunye neenkqubo zotyando.

Okwangoku, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uzivavanye ngokwakho. Okona kuncinci, uvavanyo lunokukunceda uziqhelanise nokubonakala kwamabele akho, ukumila kwawo, ubungakanani bawo kunye nobungakanani bawo. Ukwazi ukuba amabele akho kufuneka azive njani kunokukunceda ubone ingxaki enokubakho ngokulula.

1) Khetha umhla. IiHormone ziyayichaphazela indlela oziva ngayo amabele akho, kungumbono olungileyo ukulinda kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuphela kokuba sexesheni. Ukuba awunalo ixesha, khetha umhla kwikhalenda onokuyikhumbula ngokulula, njengowokuqala okanye weshumi elinesihlanu, kwaye ucwangcise ukuzihlola kwakho.

2) Thatha ujongo. Susa umphezulu kunye ne-bra yakho. Yima phambi kwesipili. Qaphela indlela amabele akho abukeka ngayo, uwavavanye ukuze atshintshe kulingano, imilo, ubungakanani, okanye umbala. Phakamisa zombini iingalo, kwaye uphinde uhlolo olubonakalayo, uphawule utshintsho kwimilo yamabele akho kunye nobukhulu xa iingalo zakho zandisiwe.

3) Hlola ibele ngalinye. Nje ukuba ulugqibe uviwo olubonakalayo, lala phantsi ebhedini okanye esofeni. Sebenzisa iipads ezithambileyo zeminwe yakho ukuze uve amaqhuma, ii-cysts, okanye ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga. Ukugcina iyunifomu yokuhlola, qala kwingono yakho kwaye usebenze indlela yokuphuma, kwithambo lakho lesifuba kunye nekhwapha, kwipateni yokujikeleza. Phinda kwelinye icala.

4) Cudisa ingono yakho. Cinezela ngobunono kwingono nganye ukuze ubone ukuba unayo na into ekhutshiweyo.

5) Phinda uhlambe. Yenza uvavanyo lokugqibela kwishawari. Vumela amanzi afudumeleyo kunye nesepha yenze uviwo olulula lube lula ngokuhambisa iminwe phezu kwamabele akho. Qala kwingono yakho kwaye usebenze indlela yakho yokuphuma kwipateni yokujikeleza. Phinda kwelinye ibele.

6) Gcina ingxelo. Utshintsho olufihlakeleyo kunokuba nzima ukulufumana, kodwa ijenali inokukunceda ubone izinto ezenzekayo njengoko zisenzeka. Jot phantsi naziphi na iindawo ezingaqhelekanga kwaye uphinde uzijonge kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na izigaqa, bona ugqirha wakho.

Eminye imibutho yezempilo ayisacebisi abasetyhini ukuba bazenzele iimviwo rhoqo. Funda ngakumbi malunga nezizathu zokuba kutheni, yeyiphi imingcipheko enxulumene nokuzihlola kwakho amabele, nokuba kutheni ungafuna ukuzenza.

Ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela amaqhuma amabele

Umhlaza wamabele ayisiyiyo kuphela imeko enokubangela amaqhuma angaqhelekanga emabeleni akho. Le miqathango inokuba noxanduva.

• ukudumba kwamalungu enkovu
• umqala
• intsholongwane yosulelo lwentsholongwane
• ukusabela kolusu ekuchebeni okanye ekuthambekeni
• negazi lakho
• ukukhula kwezicubu ezingenomdlavuza (fibroadenoma)
• ukukhula kweethishu ezinamafutha (lipoma)
• lymphoma
• Ileukemia
• ilupus
• amadlala asele edumbile okanye evalekile

Isigaxa ekhwapheni lakho okanye emabeleni akunakulindeleka ukuba ube ngumhlaza wamabele, kodwa kuya kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nayiphi na indawo engaqhelekanga onokuyifumana. Ugqirha wakho uya kuthi enze uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye akhuphe izizathu ezinokubangela ukuba kubekho izigaqa ezingaqhelekanga.

Ukuthatha

Umzimba wakho ngowakho, kwaye kuphela kwakho onakho. Ukuba ufumana iqhuma okanye ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga, kuya kufuneka ufune isikhokelo kugqirha wakho.

Ugqirha wakho unokumisela kuvavanyo lomzimba ukuba ngaba iqhuma lakho linokuba nomhlaza. Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga neempawu kunye neempawu ezintsha, akufuneki woyike ukucela uvavanyo olongezelelweyo ukuze ufumanise isigaxa sakho.