Uvavanyo lwe-Zika Virus

Umxholo

• Yintoni uvavanyo lwegciwane leZika?
• Isetyenziselwa ntoni?
• Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwegciwane leZika?
• Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwentsholongwane yeZika?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?
• Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?
• Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga novavanyo lwentsholongwane lweZika?
• Izalathiso

Yintoni uvavanyo lwegciwane leZika?

UZika usulelo lwentsholongwane luhlala lusasazeka ziingcongconi. Inokusasazeka ngokwabelana ngesondo nomntu osulelekileyo okanye ukusuka kumfazi okhulelweyo ukuya kusana lwakhe. Uvavanyo lwentsholongwane lweZika lukhangela iimpawu zosulelo egazini okanye kumchamo.

Iimosquitos ezithwala intsholongwane yeZika zixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo zehlabathi ezinemozulu yetropiki. Oku kubandakanya iziqithi ezikwiCaribbean nakwiPasifiki, kunye neenxalenye zeAfrika, uMbindi Merika, uMzantsi Melika neMexico. Iimosquitos ezithwele intsholongwane yeZika ziye zafunyanwa kwiindawo zaseUnited States, kuquka neSouth Florida.

Uninzi lwabantu abosuleleke ngeZika abanazo iimpawu okanye iimpawu ezinobulali ezihlala iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya evekini. Kodwa usulelo lweZika lunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu ukuba ukhulelwe. Usulelo lweZika ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokubangela isiphene sokuzalwa esibizwa ngokuba yi-microcephaly. I-Microcephaly inokuchaphazela kakubi ukukhula kwengqondo yomntwana. Ukusuleleka nguZika ngexesha lokukhulelwa kudityaniswe nomngcipheko owandayo wezinye iziphene zokuzalwa, ukuphuphuma kwesisu, kunye nokuzala umntwana ofayo.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, abantwana nabantu abadala abosuleleke nguZika banokufumana isifo esibizwa ngokuba yiGuillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). I-GBS sisifo esenza ukuba amajoni omzimba ahlasele inxenye yenkqubo yemithambo-luvo. I-GBS inzulu, kodwa iyanyangeka. Ukuba ufumana i-GBS, uya kuphila kwakhona kwiiveki ezimbalwa.

Amanye amagama: Uvavanyo lweZika Antibody, Uvavanyo lweZika RT-PCR, uvavanyo lweZika

Isetyenziselwa ntoni?

Uvavanyo lwentsholongwane lweZika lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba unosulelo lweZika. Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo abasandula ukuya kwindawo apho kukho umngcipheko wosulelo lweZika.

Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwegciwane leZika?

Unokufuna uvavanyo lwegciwane le-Zika ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye usandula ukuya kwindawo apho kukho umngcipheko wosulelo lweZika. Unokufuna uvavanyo lweZika ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye walala neqabane elaya kwenye yezi ndawo.

Uvavanyo lweZika lunokuyalelwa ukuba uneempawu zeZika. Uninzi lwabantu abaneZika abanazo iimpawu, kodwa xa kukho iimpawu, zihlala zibandakanya:

• Ifiva
• Irhashalala
• Intlungu edibeneyo
• Intlungu yezihlunu
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Amehlo abomvu (conjunctivitis)

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwentsholongwane yeZika?

Uvavanyo lwegciwane lweZika luhlala luvavanyo lwegazi okanye uvavanyo lomchamo.

Ukuba ufumana uvavanyo lwegazi lweZika, ingcali yokhathalelo lwempilo iya kuthatha isampulu yegazi kumthambo wengalo yakho, usebenzisa inaliti encinci. Emva kokuba inaliti ifakiwe, inani elincinci legazi liya kuqokelelwa kwityhubhu yovavanyo okanye igutyana. Unokuziva uluma kancinci xa inaliti ingena okanye iphuma. Oku kuhlala kuthatha imizuzu engaphantsi kwesihlanu.

Ukuba ufumana uvavanyo lweZika kumchamo, cela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba ayinikeze isampulu yakho.

Ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye i-ultrasound yakho yangaphambi kokubeleka ibonisa ukuba kunokwenzeka kwe-microcephaly, umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokucebisa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-amniocentesis ukujonga iZika. I-Amniocentesis luvavanyo olujonga ulwelo olujikeleze usana olungekazalwa (i-amniotic fluid). Kolu vavanyo, umboneleli wakho uya kufaka inaliti ekhethekileyo engena esiswini sakho kwaye arhoxise isampulu encinci yolwelo ukuze kuvavanywe.

Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?

Awunawo amalungiselelo akhethekileyo kuvavanyo lweZika virus.

Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?

Mncinci kakhulu umngcipheko wokuvavanywa kwegazi. Unokuba nentlungu encinci okanye ukrakra kwindawo apho inaliti yafakwa khona, kodwa uninzi lweempawu zihamba ngokukhawuleza.

Akukho bungozi baziwayo kuvavanyo lomchamo.

I-Amniocentesis inokubangela ukunyanzeliswa okanye iintlungu esiswini sakho. Kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba le nkqubo iya kubangela ukuphuma kwesisu. Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nezibonelelo kunye nobungozi boluvavanyo.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?

Iziphumo zovavanyo zeZika ezilungileyo zithetha ukuba unosulelo lweZika. Iziphumo ezingalunganga zinokuthetha ukuba awosulelwanga okanye wavavanywa kwakamsinya ukuze intsholongwane ibonakale kuvavanyo. Ukuba ucinga ukuba ubuchanekile kwintsholongwane, thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nokuba kufuneka uphinde uphinde ubonwe kwakhona.

Ukuba ufunyaniswe uneZika kwaye ukhulelwe, ungaqala ukulungiselela iingxaki zempilo yomntwana wakho ngaphambi kokuba azalwe. Ngelixa ingengabo bonke abantwana abatyhilelwe iZika abaneziphene zokuzalwa okanye naziphi na iingxaki zempilo, uninzi lwabantwana abazelwe beZika baneemfuno ezizodwa ezihlala ixesha elide. Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nendlela yokufumana inkxaso kunye neenkonzo zononophelo lwempilo xa uzidinga. Ungenelelo lwakwangoko lungenza umahluko kwimpilo yomntwana wakho kunye nomgangatho wobomi bakhe.

Ukuba ufunyaniswe uneZika kwaye awukhulelwe, kodwa ungathanda ukukhulelwa kwixesha elizayo, thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo. Okwangoku, abukho ubungqina beengxaki zokukhulelwa ezinxulumene neZika kwabasetyhini abaye baphola ngokupheleleyo kwiZika. Umboneleli wakho unokukuxelela ukuba kufuneka ulinde ixesha elingakanani ngaphambi kokuzama ukuba nosana kwaye ukuba ufuna ukuphinda ubuyeke.

Funda ngakumbi malunga novavanyo lwelabhoratri, uluhlu lweereferensi, kunye neziphumo zokuqonda.

Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga novavanyo lwentsholongwane lweZika?

Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ucwangcisa ukukhulelwa, kuya kufuneka uthathe amanyathelo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana usulelo lweZika. Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo (CDC) acebisa ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo bakuphephe ukuhamba kwiindawo ezinokukubeka emngciphekweni wosulelo lweZika. Ukuba awukwazi ukukuphepha ukuhamba okanye ukuba uhlala kwenye yezi ndawo, kuya kufuneka:

• Faka isicelo sokugxotha izinambuzane esine-DEET kulusu nakwimpahla yakho. I-DEET ikhuselekile kwaye iyasebenza kubafazi abakhulelweyo.
• Nxiba iihempe ezinemikhono emide neebhulukhwe
• Sebenzisa izikrini kwiifestile naseminyango
• Lala phantsi komnatha wengcongconi

Izalathiso

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Ulwazi olukule ndawo akufuneki lusetyenziswe endaweni yonyango okanye iingcebiso. Nxibelelana nomboneleli wezempilo ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yakho.