Hypervitaminosis A

IHypervitaminosis A sisiphazamiso apho kukho ivithamin A eninzi emzimbeni.

Vitamin A yivitamin enyibilikayo enamafutha egcinwa esibindini. Ukutya okuninzi kunevithamini A, kubandakanya:

• Inyama, intlanzi kunye neenkukhu
• Iimveliso zederi
• Ezinye iziqhamo kunye nemifuno

Ezinye izongezo zokutya zinevithamini A.

Izongezo zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo kwivithamin A yetyhefu. Kuhlala kungenzeki ngokutya nje ukutya okune-vitamin A.

Ukufumana ivithamini A eninzi kunokukugulisa. Ukuthatha amanani amakhulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokubangela iziphene zokuzalwa.

• I-vitamin A enobuthi ityhefu yenzeka ngokukhawuleza. Kungenzeka xa umntu omdala ethatha iiyunithi zevithamini A.
• I-vitamin A engapheliyo inetyhefu inokwenzeka ngokuhamba kwexesha kubantu abadala abahlala bethatha ngaphezulu kwama-25,000 IU ngosuku.
• Iintsana nabantwana bachaphazeleka ngakumbi ku-vithamini A. Banokugula emva kokuthatha iidosi ezincinci. Iimveliso eziginya eziqulathe ivithamin A, ezinje ngekhrimu yolusu ene-retinol kuyo, zinokubangela ityhefu ka-vitamin A.

Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Ukuthamba okungaqhelekanga kwethambo lekhakhayi (kwiintsana nasebantwaneni)
• Umbono omfiliba
• Intlungu yethambo okanye ukudumba
• Ukuqhuma kwendawo ethambileyo kukhakhayi losana (fontanelle)
• Utshintsho kulumkiso okanye ezingqondweni
• Ukunciphisa ukutya
• Ukuba nesiyezi
• Umbono ophindwe kabini (kubantwana abancinci)
• Ukozela
• Utshintsho lweenwele, njengokulahleka kweenwele kunye neenwele ezinamafutha
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukucaphuka
• Umonakalo wesibindi
• Isicaphucaphu
• Ukutyeba ubunzima (kubantwana nakubantwana)
• Utshintsho lolusu, njengokuqhekeka ezikoneni zomlomo, ubuntununtunu obuphezulu elangeni, ulusu olunamafutha, ukuxobuka, ukurhawuzelela, kunye nombala otyheli kulusu
• Umbono utshintsha
• Ukuhlanza

Olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa ukuba kukrokrelwa inqanaba eliphezulu le-vitamin A:

• Iithambo x-reyi
• Uvavanyo lwecalcium yegazi
• Uvavanyo lwecholesterol
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi
• Uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga inqanaba levithamini A
• Uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga amanye amanqanaba eevithamini

Unyango lubandakanya ukumisa nje izongezelelo (okanye kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukutya) okune-vitamin A.

Uninzi lwabantu luyachacha ngokupheleleyo.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Inqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu le-calcium
• Ukusilela ukukhula (kwiintsana)
• Umonakalo wezintso ngenxa yecalcium ephezulu
• Umonakalo wesibindi

Ukuthatha ivithamin A kakhulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokubangela iziphene zokuzalwa. Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nokutya ukutya okufanelekileyo ngelixa ukhulelwe.

Kuya kufuneka ubize umnikezeli wakho:

• Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unokuthatha i-vitamin A eninzi kakhulu
• Unempawu ze-vitamin A engaphezulu

Ingakanani ivithamini A oyifunayo kuxhomekeke kubudala bakho kunye nesini. Eminye imiba, njengokukhulelwa kunye nempilo yakho iyonke ibalulekile. Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba yeyiphi imali ekulungeleyo.

Ukuthintela i-hypervitaminosis A, ungathathi ngaphezulu kwesibonelelo semihla ngemihla sale vithamini.

Abanye abantu bathatha i-vitamin A kunye ne-beta carotene eyongezelelweyo kwinkolelo yokuba iya kunceda ukuthintela umhlaza. Oku kunokukhokelela kwi-hypervitaminosis A engapheliyo ukuba abantu bathatha ngaphezulu kokucetyiswayo.

Vitamin A ityhefu

• Vitamin A umthombo

IZiko lezeMpilo (i-US) Iphaneli yeeMicronutrients. Ukungeniswa kwereferensi yokutya kwiVitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, kunye neZinc. IWashington, DC: Imithombo yeendaba yeSizwe yezeMfundo; 2001. PMID: 25057538 ipapashwe.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25057538/.

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URoberts NB, Taylor A, Sodi R. Iivithamini kunye nezinto ezilandelwayo. Ku: Rifai N, ed. I-Tietz yeNcwadi yeKlinikhi yeKhemistry kunye neDiagnostics yeMolekyuli. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 37.

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