Hypercalcemia

I-Hypercalcemia ithetha ukuba une-calcium eninzi egazini lakho.

Ihomoni yeParathyroid (PTH) kunye neVitamin D inceda ukulawula ibhalansi yomzimba emzimbeni.

• I-PTH yenziwa ngamadlala okubanda. Ezi ngamadlala amancinci amane abekwe entanyeni emva kwencindi yedlala lengqula.
• I-Vitamin D ifumaneka xa ulusu luvezwa kukukhanya kwelanga, nakwimithombo yokutya okanye kwizongezo.

Unobangela oqhelekileyo wenqanaba eliphezulu legazi le-calcium yi-PTH egqithisileyo ekhutshwe ziincindi ze-parathyroid. Oku kungaphezulu kwenzeka ngenxa:

• Ukwandiswa kwesinye okanye ngaphezulu kweengqungquthela ze-parathyroid.
• Ukukhula kwenye yeengqungquthela. Uninzi lwexesha, oku kukhula kunesifo (hayi umhlaza).

Inqanaba legazi leCalcium linokuba phezulu ukuba umzimba wakho usezantsi kulwelo okanye emanzini.

Ezinye iimeko zinokubangela ne-hypercalcemia:

• Iindidi ezithile zomhlaza, ezinje ngomhlaza wemiphunga kunye nomhlaza wamabele, okanye umhlaza osasazeke kwizitho zakho.
• Uninzi lwevithamini D egazini lakho (hypervitaminosis D).
• Ukungahambi ebhedini iintsuku ezininzi okanye iiveki (ikakhulu ebantwaneni).
• I-calcium eninzi ekudleni kwakho. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-milk-alkali syndrome. Kuhlala kwenzeka xa umntu ethatha ngaphezulu kwe-2000 milligrams ye-calcium bicarbonate isongezo ngosuku kunye needosi eziphezulu zeVitamin D.
• Idlala lengqula eligqithisileyo.
• Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo okanye ukusilela kwezintso.
• Amayeza afana ne-lithium kunye ne-thiazide diuretics (iipilisi zamanzi).
• Olunye usulelo okanye iingxaki zempilo ezinje ngesifo sePaget, isifo sephepha kunye nesarcoidosis.
• Imeko yelifa echaphazela ukukwazi komzimba ukulawula ikhalsiyam.

Amadoda nabasetyhini bayo yonke iminyaka banokuba nenqanaba eliphezulu le-calcium. Nangona kunjalo, kuxhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50 (emva kokuyeka ukuya exesheni). Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku kubangelwa yindlala yeparathyroid egqithisileyo.

Imeko ihlala ifunyaniswa kwinqanaba lokuqala kusetyenziswa uvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo. Uninzi lwabantu alunazo iimpawu.

Iimpawu ngenxa yenqanaba eliphezulu lecalcium zinokwahluka, kuxhomekeka kwisizathu kunye nokuba ingxaki ikho kangakanani. Banokubandakanya:

• Iimpawu zokugaya ukutya, ezinjengokugabha okanye ukugabha, ukungakuthandi ukutya, okanye ukuqhina
• Ukwanda kokoma okanye ukuchama rhoqo, ngenxa yotshintsho kwizintso
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha okanye ukujija
• Utshintsho kwindlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo yakho, njengokuziva udiniwe okanye udiniwe okanye udidekile
• Intlungu yethambo kunye namathambo abuthathaka aphuka ngokulula

Ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kuyadingeka kwi-hypercalcemia. Abantu abanamatye ezintso kufuneka benze iimvavanyo zokuvavanya i-hypercalcemia.

• Isalcium calcium
• Isirum PTH
• I-Serum PTHrP (iprotheni enxulumene ne-PTH)
• Inqanaba le-vitamin D yeserum
• I-calcium yomchamo

Unyango lujolise kwisizathu sehypercalcemia xa kunokwenzeka. Abantu abane-hyperparathyroidism ephambili (i-PHPT) banokufuna utyando ukuze basuse i-gland engaqhelekanga. Oku kuya kunyanga i-hypercalcemia.

Abantu abane-hypercalcemia emnene banokukwazi ukujonga imeko ngokusondeleyo ngaphandle kwonyango.

Kwabasetyhini abasexesheni, unyango nge-estrogen ngamanye amaxesha lunokubuyisela umva i-hypercalcemia.

I-hypercalcemia enamandla ebangela iimpawu kwaye ifuna ukuhlala esibhedlele inokunyangwa ngezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ulwelo ngomthambo - Olu lolona nyango lubaluleke kakhulu.
• Calcitonin.
• I-Dialysis, ukuba kubandakanyeke umonakalo wezintso.
• Iyeza lomchamo, njenge-furosemide.
• Iziyobisi eziyeka ukophuka kwamathambo kunye nokufakwa emzimbeni (bisphosphonates).
• Iiglucocorticoids (steroids).

Ukwenza kakuhle kangakanani kuxhomekeke kwisizathu senqanaba lakho lecalcium ephezulu. Imbonakalo ilungile kubantu abane-hyperparathyroidism okanye i-hypercalcemia enesizathu esinyangekayo. Uninzi lwexesha, akukho ngxaki.

Abantu abane-hypercalcemia ngenxa yeemeko ezinje ngomhlaza okanye i-sarcoidosis ayinakwenza kakuhle. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa sisifo ngokwaso, endaweni yenqanaba eliphezulu lecalcium.

IGASTROINTESTINAL

• Ipancreatitis
• Isifo sesilonda Peptic

IZIFO

• Ukufakwa kweCalcium kwizintso (nephrocalcinosis) ezibangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni
• Igazi elonyukayo
• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso
• Amatye eentso

YENGQONDO

• Uxinzelelo
• Kunzima ukugxila okanye ukucinga

AMASKELE

• Amathambo
• Ukuqhekeka
• Unyango

Ezi ngxaki ze-hypercalcemia zexesha elide aziqhelekanga namhlanje kumazwe amaninzi.

Nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba:

• Imbali yosapho yehypercalcemia
• Imbali yosapho yehyperparathyroidism
• Iimpawu zehypercalcemia

Uninzi lwezizathu zehypercalcemia azinakuthintelwa. Abasetyhini abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 kufuneka babone umboneleli wabo rhoqo kwaye bajonge inqanaba labo le-calcium ukuba baneempawu zehypercalcemia.

Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nedosi echanekileyo ukuba uthatha i-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D eyongezelelweyo.

I-calcium - iphakanyisiwe; Inqanaba eliphezulu le-calcium; Hyperparathyroidism - hypercalcemia

• Hypercalcemia - ukubhobhoza

• Amadlala endocrine

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