Osteoarthritis

I-Osteoarthritis (OA) sesona sifo sixhaphakileyo esidibeneyo. Kungenxa yokwaluphala kunye nokunxiba kunye nokudiliza kwilungu.

I-Cartilage yinyama eqinileyo, yerabha eqinisa amathambo akho kumalungu. Ivumela amathambo ukuba awele ngaphezulu. Xa intlala iphuka kwaye iyaphela, amathambo ayadibana. Oku kuhlala kubangela iintlungu, ukudumba, kunye nokuqina kwe-OA.

Njengoko i-OA iya isiba mandundu, i-bony spurs okanye ithambo elongezelelekileyo linokujikeleza ilunga. Imisipha kunye nezihlunu ezijikeleze ilunga zinokuba buthathaka kwaye ziqine.

Ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala engama-55, i-OA ivela ngokulinganayo emadodeni nakwabasetyhini. Emva kweminyaka engama-55, kuqheleke ngakumbi kwabasetyhini.

Ezinye izinto zinokukhokelela kwi-OA.

• I-OA ihlala ibaleka kwiintsapho.
• Ukutyeba kakhulu kwandisa umngcipheko we-OA esinqeni, emadolweni, emaqatheni, nakumalungu omlenze. Kungenxa yokuba ubunzima obongezelelekileyo bubangela ukonakala ngakumbi kunye nokukrazuka.
• Ukuqhekeka okanye ukonzakala ngokudibeneyo kungakhokelela kwi-OA kamva ebomini. Oku kubandakanya ukwenzakala kwintlala kunye nemisipha kumalungu akho.
• Imisebenzi ebandakanya ukuguqa okanye ukuguqa ngaphezulu kweyure ngosuku, okanye kubandakanya ukuphakamisa, ukunyuka izinyuko, okanye ukuhamba kwandisa umngcipheko we-OA.
• Ukudlala imidlalo ebandakanya ifuthe ngqo kwindibaniselwano (yebhola ekhatywayo), ukujijwa (ibhola yomnyazi okanye ibhola ekhatywayo), okanye ukuphosa kukonyusa umngcipheko we-OA.

Iimeko zonyango ezinokukhokelela kwi-OA okanye iimpawu ezifanayo ne-OA zibandakanya:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi okubangela ukopha kwilungu, njenge-hemophilia
• Ukuphazamiseka okuthintela ukunikezelwa kwegazi kufutshane nomdibaniso kwaye kukhokelela ekufeni kwethambo (i-avascular necrosis)
• Ezinye iintlobo ze-arthritis, ezifana nexesha elide (elingapheliyo), i-pseudogout, okanye i-rheumatoid arthritis

Iimpawu ze-OA zihlala zibonakala kwiminyaka ephakathi. Phantse wonke umntu uneempawu ze-OA xa eneminyaka engama-70.

Ubuhlungu kunye nokuqina kwamalungu zezona mpawu ziqhelekileyo. Intlungu ihlala imbi:

• Emva kokuzilolonga
• Xa ubeka ubunzima okanye uxinzelelo kwilungu
• Xa usebenzisa ilunga

Nge-OA, amalungu akho anokuqina kwaye kube nzima ukuhamba ixesha. Unokuqaphela ukurabha, ukukrala, okanye isandi esivakalayo xa ushukumisa indibaniselwano.

"Ukuqina kwasekuseni" kubhekisa kwintlungu kunye nokuqina oziva xa uqala ukuvuka ekuseni. Ukuqina ngenxa ye-OA kuhlala kuthatha imizuzu engama-30 okanye ngaphantsi. Inokuhlala ngaphezulu kwemizuzu engama-30 ukuba kukho ukudumba kwilungu. Ihlala iphucula emva komsebenzi, ivumela ukudibana ukuba "kushushu."

Ngexesha lasemini, iintlungu zisenokuba mandundu xa usebenza kwaye uzive ungcono xa uphumla. Njengokuba i-OA iba mandundu, usenokuba nentlungu nokuba uphumle. Kwaye inokukuvusa ebusuku.

Abanye abantu abanakho ukuba neempawu, nangona ii-x-reyi zibonisa utshintsho lomzimba lwe-OA.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kukuvavanya kwaye akubuze malunga neempawu zakho. Uviwo lunokubonisa:

• Intshukumo edibeneyo ebangela isandi esiqhekezayo, esibizwa ngokuba kukugcwala
• Ukudumba ngokudibeneyo (amathambo ajikeleze amalunga anokuziva emkhulu kunesiqhelo)
• Uluhlu olunomda lokuhamba
• Ukuthantamisa xa idibeneyo icinezelwe
• Ukuhamba okuqhelekileyo kuhlala kubuhlungu

Uvavanyo lwegazi aluloncedo ekuchongeni i-OA. Zingasetyenziselwa ukukhangela ezinye iimeko, ezinje nge-rheumatoid arthritis okanye i-gout.

IX-reyi iya kubonisa:

• Ukuphulukana nendawo edibeneyo
• Ukunxiba ezantsi kwethambo
• Amathambo akhupha
• Utshintsho lweBony kufutshane nelungu, elibizwa ngokuba zii-cychral cysts

I-OA ayinakunyangeka, kodwa iimpawu ze-OA zinokulawulwa. I-OA iyakuthi ibe mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha nangona isantya esenzeka ngaso siyahluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye.

Unokuhlinzwa, kodwa ezinye iindlela zonyango zinokuphucula iintlungu zakho kwaye zibenze ngcono ubomi bakho. Nangona olu nyango lungenakwenza ukuba i-OA ihambe, banokulibazisa utyando okanye benze iimpawu zakho zibe mnene ngokwaneleyo ukuze zingabangeli ngxaki.

AMAYEZA

Ukudambisa iintlungu kwi-over-the-counter (OTC), njenge-acetaminophen (iTylenol) okanye ichiza elichasayo (i-NSAID) elinokunceda kwiimpawu ze-OA. Ungawathenga la mayeza ngaphandle kommiselo.

Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ungathathi ngaphezulu kwe-3 gram (3,000 mg) ye-acetaminophen ngosuku. Ukuba unesifo sesibindi, thetha nomboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe i-acetaminophen. I-OTC NSAIDs zibandakanya i-aspirin, ibuprofen, kunye ne-naproxen. Ezinye ii-NSAID ezininzi ziyafumaneka ngugqirha. Thetha nomboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe i-NSAID rhoqo.

I-Duloxetine (iCymbalta) liyeza elikhutshwa ngugqirha elinokunceda ekunyangeni iintlungu zexesha elide (ezingapheliyo) ezinxulumene ne-OA.

Inaliti yamayeza e-steroid ihlala inika isibonelelo esifutshane ukuya kwixesha eliphakathi kwintlungu ye-OA.

Izibonelelo onokuzisebenzisa zibandakanya:

• Iipilisi, ezinjengeglucosamine kunye ne-chondroitin sulfate
• I-capsaicin cream cream yokuthomalalisa iintlungu

UTSHINTSHO KWIMPILO

Ukuhlala usebenza kunye nokwenza umthambo kunokugcina intshukumo edibeneyo kunye neyonke. Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba akucebise ngesiqhelo sokuzilolonga okanye akuthumele kumgqirha wezonyango. Ukuzilolonga emanzini, njengokuqubha, kuhlala kuluncedo.

Ezinye iingcebiso ngendlela yokuphila zibandakanya:

• Ukufaka ubushushu okanye ukubanda kwilungu
• Ukutya ukutya okusempilweni
• Ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo
• Ukwehla kobunzima ukuba utyebile
• Ukukhusela amalungu akho ekonzakaleni

Ukuba iintlungu ezivela kwi-OA ziya zisiba mandundu, ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi kunokuba nzima ngakumbi okanye kubuhlungu. Ukwenza utshintsho ejikeleze ikhaya kunokunceda ukuthatha uxinzelelo kumalungu akho ukunciphisa iintlungu. Ukuba umsebenzi wakho ubangela uxinzelelo kumalungu athile, unokufuna ukuba uhlengahlengise indawo osebenza kuyo okanye utshintshe imisebenzi.

ULUNGISO LWENYAMA

Unyango lomzimba lunokunceda ukuphucula amandla emisipha kunye nokuhamba kwamalungu aqinileyo kunye nokulingana kwakho. Ukuba unyango alwenzi ukuba uzive ungcono emva kweeveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12, ngekhe kulunge.

Unyango lwe-Massage lunokubonelela ngesiqabu sexesha elifutshane, kodwa aluguquli inkqubo ye-OA. Qiniseka ukuba usebenza nethambo lokuthambisa elinelayisensi elinamava ekusebenzeni ngokudibeneyo.

OONYAKA

I-Splints kunye ne-brace inokunceda ukuxhasa amalungu athathaka. Ezinye iintlobo zinciphisa okanye zithintele ukudibana ekuhambeni. Abanye banokutshintsha uxinzelelo kwicandelo elinye lendibaniselwano. Sebenzisa izihlangu zezilima ezidityaniswe ngentsinjana / ngeplangana xa ugqirha okanye ugqirha wakho ecebisa. Sebenzisa izihlangu zezilima ezidityaniswe ngentsinjana / ngeplangana ngendlela engalunganga kunokubangela umonakalo odibeneyo, ukuqina, kunye nentlungu.

UNYANGO OLWAHLUKILEYO

Unyango ngonyango lwesiTshayina. Kucingelwa ukuba xa iinaliti ze-acupuncture zivuselela amanqaku athile emzimbeni, imichiza ethintela iintlungu iyakhutshwa. Ukwenza i-acupuncture kunokubonelela ngesiqabu seentlungu kwi-OA.

I-Yoga kunye ne-Tai chi ikwabonakalise inzuzo ebalulekileyo ekunyangeni iintlungu ezivela kwi-OA.

I-S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe, ebizwa ngokuba yi "Sammy") yifom eyenziwe ngabantu yekhemikhali yendalo emzimbeni. Inokukunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba kunye nentlungu.

UKUGQIBELA

Iimeko ezinzima ze-OA zisenokufuna utyando ukuze kutshintshwe okanye kulungiswe amalungu adibeneyo. Izinketho zibandakanya:

• Utyando lwe-Arthroscopic ukunqumla i-cartilage ekrazukileyo
• Ukutshintsha ulungelelwaniso lwethambo ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwithambo okanye ngokudibeneyo (osteotomy)
• Ukudityaniswa kwamathambo, rhoqo emqolo (arthrodesis)
• Iyonke okanye ukutshintshwa kwenxalenye yento eyonakalisiweyo ngokudibeneyo (ukutshintshwa kwedolo, ukutshintshwa kwesinqe, ukutshintshwa kwamagxa, ukutshintshwa kweqatha, kunye nokutshintshwa kwengqiniba)

Imibutho egxile kwisifo samathambo zizinto ezilungileyo zokufumana ulwazi ngakumbi nge-OA.

Intshukumo yakho inokuba nemida ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, enjengococeko lomntu, imisebenzi yasekhaya, okanye ukupheka kunokuba lucelomngeni. Unyango luhlala luphucula ukusebenza.

Tsalela umnikezeli wakho ukuba uneempawu ze-OA eziba mandundu.

Zama ukungalisebenzisi kakubi ilungu elidibeneyo emsebenzini okanye ngexesha lemisebenzi. Gcina ubunzima bomzimba obuqhelekileyo. Gcina izihlunu zijikeleze amalungu akho omelele, ngakumbi amalungu athwala ubunzima (idolo, inyonga, okanye iqatha).

Ihypertrophic osteoarthritis; Osteoarthrosis; Isifo esihlangeneyo esihlangeneyo; DJD; OA; Isifo samathambo - osteoarthritis

• Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL-ukukhutshwa
• Ukubuyiselwa kweqatha - ukukhutshwa
• Elbow replacement - ukubhobhoza
• Ukutshintshwa kwe-Hip okanye idolo-emva-kwento oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• Ukutshintshwa kwe-Hip okanye idolo-ngaphambi-kokucela ugqirha wakho
• Ukutshintshwa kwe-Hip - ukukhutshwa
• Ukutshintshwa kwamagxa - ukukhutshwa
• Utyando lwamagxa - ukukhutshwa
• Uqhaqho lomqolo-ukukhutshwa
• Sebenzisa igxalaba lakho emva kotyando olwenziwe ngokutsha
• Sebenzisa igxalaba lakho emva kotyando

• Osteoarthritis
• Osteoarthritis

IKolasinski SL, uNeogi T, iHochberg MC, et al. I-2019 American College yeRheumatology / Isikhokelo seArthritis Isikhokelo soLawulo lweOsteoarthritis yesandla, inyonga, kunye nedolo. Ukunyamekelwa kweArthritis Res (Hoboken). Ngo-2020; 72 (2): 149-162. IINKCUKACHA: 31908149 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31908149/.

IKraus VB, iVincent TL. Osteoarthritis. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2020: isahluko 246.

Misra D, Kumar D, Neogi T. Unyango lwe-osteoarthritis. Ku: Firestein GS, Budd RC, Gabriel SE, Koretzky GA, McInnes IB, O'Dell JR, ii-eds. Incwadi kaFirestein kunye noKelly yeRheumatology. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 106.