I-Nephrocalcinosis

I-Nephrocalcinosis sisifo apho kukho i-calcium eninzi ebekwe kwizintso. Kuqhelekile kwiintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha.

Nasiphi na isifo esikhokelela kumanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium egazini okanye kumchamo kunokukhokelela kwi-nephrocalcinosis. Kule ngxaki, i-calcium ibeka kwizintso zezintso ngokwazo. Uninzi lwexesha, zombini izintso ziyachaphazeleka.

I-Nephrocalcinosis inxulumene, kodwa ayifani, namatye ezintso (nephrolithiasis).

Imiqathango enokubangela i-nephrocalcinosis ibandakanya:

• Alport syndome
• Isifo seBartter
• I-glomerulonephritis engapheliyo
• I-hypomagnesemia eqhelekileyo
• Medullary isiponji sezintso
• Iiprayimari ze-hyperoxaluria
• Ukhatywa ngokutsha kwe renal
• I-renal tubular acidosis (RTA)
• I-renal cortical necrosis

Ezinye izinto ezinokubangela i-nephrocalcinosis zibandakanya:

• Ityhefu ye-ethylene glycol
• Hypercalcemia (calcium engaphezulu egazini) ngenxa hyperparathyroidism
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile, anje nge-acetazolamide, amphotericin B, kunye ne-triamterene
• I-Sarcoidosis
• Isifo sephepha sezintso kunye nosulelo olunxulumene noGawulayo
• Vitamin D ityhefu

Uninzi lwexesha, akukho zimpawu zokuqala ze-nephrocalcinosis ngaphaya kwale meko ibangela ingxaki.

Abantu abanamatye ezintso banokuba:

• Igazi kumchamo
• Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Intlungu ebuhlungu kwindawo yesisu, emacaleni omqolo (iflank), kwi-groin, okanye kumasende

Iimpawu zexesha elizayo ezinxulumene nephrocalcinosis zinokunxulunyaniswa nokusilela kwezintso ixesha elide (ezingapheliyo).

I-Nephrocalcinosis inokufunyanwa xa iimpawu zokungabikho kwezintso, ukungaphumeleli kwezintso, ukukhubazeka kwe-uropathy, okanye amatye e-urinary tract.

Ukujonga iimvavanyo kunokunceda ukufumanisa le meko. Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• Ukuskena kwe-CT esiswini
• I-Ultrasound yezintso

Olunye uvavanyo olunokuthi lwenziwe ukufumanisa isifo kunye nokumisela ubungqongqo beengxaki ezinxulumene noko zibandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga amanqanaba e-calcium, i-phosphate, i-uric acid, kunye ne-hormone yeparathyroid
• Urinalysis ukubona iikristali kunye nokujonga iiseli ezibomvu zegazi
• Ukuqokelela umchamo weeyure ezingama-24 ukulinganisa i-asidi kunye namanqanaba e-calcium, isodiyamu, i-uric acid, i-oxalate, kunye ne-citrate

Injongo yonyango kukunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokuthintela i-calcium engakumbi ekwakheni kwizintso.

Unyango luya kubandakanya iindlela zokunciphisa amanqanaba angaqhelekanga e-calcium, i-phosphate, kunye ne-oxalate egazini nasemchameni. Okukhethwa kukho kubandakanya ukwenza utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo kunye nokuthatha amayeza kunye nezixhasi.

Ukuba uthatha iyeza elibangela ilahleko yekhalsiyam, umboneleli wakho wezempilo uyakukuxelela ukuba uyeke ukulithatha. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha naliphi na iyeza ngaphambi kokuba uthethe nomboneleli wakho.

Ezinye iimpawu, kubandakanya amatye ezintso, kufuneka ziphathwe ngokufanelekileyo.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ixhomekeke kubunzima kunye nonobangela wokuphazamiseka.

Unyango olufanelekileyo lunokunceda ukuthintela ukuqhubekeka kwezintso. Kwiimeko ezininzi, akukho ndlela yokususa iidipozithi esele zenziwe. Iidipozithi ezininzi kwizintso azisoloko zithetha ngomonakalo omkhulu kwizintso.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso
• Ixesha elide (elingapheliyo) ukusilela kwezintso
• Amatye eentso
• Uthintelo lwe-uropathy (etsolo okanye engapheliyo, engahambelaniyo okanye eyamazwe amabini)

Tsalela umnikezeli wakho ukuba uyazi ukuba unengxaki ebangela amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium egazini nasemchameni. Fowunela kwakhona ukuba uphuhlisa iimpawu ze-nephrocalcinosis.

Unyango olukhawulezileyo lweengxaki ezikhokelela kwi-nephrocalcinosis, kubandakanya i-RTA, inokukunceda ekuthinteleni ukukhula. Ukusela amanzi amaninzi ukugcina izintso zigungxuliwe kunye nokufunxa kuya kunceda ukuthintela okanye ukunciphisa ukwenziwa kwamatye ngokunjalo.

• Izintso zamatye - yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho

• Inkqubo yomchamo wamadoda

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UChen W, uMonk RD, uBushinsky DA. I-Nephrolithiasis kunye nephrocalcinosis. Ku: Feehally J, Floege J, Tonelli M, Johnson RJ, ii-eds. I-Clinical Nephrology epheleleyo. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 57.

UTublin M, uLeviine D, uThurston W, uWilson SR. Izintso kunye nomchamo. Ku: iRumack CM, uLeviine D, ii-eds. Uxilongo lwe-Ultrasound. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 9.

IVogt BA, Springel T.Izintso kunye nomchamo womchamo we-neonate. Ku: UMartin RJ, uFanaroff AA, uWalsh MC, ii-eds. UFanaroff kunye noMartin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 93.