Strongyloidiasis

IStrongyloidiasis sisifo esijikelezayo IStrongyloides stercoralis (S stercoralis).

S stercoralis yintshulube engqukuva exhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo ezishushu nezifumileyo. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, inokufumaneka kude emantla njengeCanada.

Abantu bayalufumana usulelo xa ulusu lwabo ludibana nomhlaba oneentsholongwane.

Umbungu omncinci awubonakali ngamehlo. Iintshulube ezincinane zinokuhamba ngesikhumba somntu kwaye ekugqibeleni zingene kwigazi ukuya kwimiphunga nakwindlela yomoya.

Emva koko banyukela emqaleni, apho baginyiwe esiswini. Ukusuka esiswini, iintshulube zihamba ziye emathunjini amancinci, apho zibambelela eludongeni lwamathumbu. Emva kwexesha, zivelisa amaqanda, aqanduselwa kwizibungu ezincinci (iintshulube ezingekakhuli) kwaye zidlule emzimbeni.

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintshulube, le mibungu ingaphinda ingene emzimbeni ngesikhumba esijikeleze i-anus, evumela usulelo ukuba lukhule. Iindawo apho iimpethu zihamba khona ngesikhumba zinokuba bomvu kwaye zibe buhlungu.

Olu sulelo aluqhelekanga eMelika, kodwa luyenzeka empuma mpuma ye-US. Uninzi lweziganeko eMntla Melika ziziswa ngabahambi abatyeleleyo okanye abahlala eMzantsi Melika okanye eAfrika.

Abanye abantu basemngciphekweni wohlobo olunzima olubizwa ngokuba yi-strongyloidiasis hyperinfection syndrome. Kule meko yale meko, kukho iintshulube ezininzi kwaye zanda ngokukhawuleza kunesiqhelo. Inokwenzeka kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka. Oku kubandakanya abantu abaye banelungu okanye imveliso yemveliso yegazi, kunye nabo bathatha amayeza e-steroid okanye amayeza acinezela mzimba.

Uninzi lwexesha, akukho zimpawu. Ukuba kukho iimpawu, zinokubandakanya:

• Intlungu zesisu (phezulu esiswini)
• Khohlela
• Urhudo
• Irhashalala
• Iindawo ezinjengendlwana ebomvu kufutshane ne-anus
• Ukuhlanza
• Ukuhla ukusinda

Olu vavanyo lulandelayo lunokwenziwa:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi njengokubala okupheleleyo kwegazi ngokwahluka, ukubala kwe-eosinophil (uhlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi), uvavanyo lwe-antigen S stercoralis
• Umnqweno we-duodenal (ukususa isixa esincinci sezicubu kwinxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancinci) ukukhangela S stercoralis (engaqhelekanga)
• Inkcubeko yesikhohlela ukujonga S stercoralis
• Ukuvavanywa kwesampulu yestool ukujonga S stercoralis

Injongo yonyango kukuphelisa iintshulube ezinamayeza okulwa iintshulube, afana ne-ivermectin okanye i-albendazole.

Ngamanye amaxesha, abantu abangenazo iimpawu zonyango. Oku kubandakanya abantu abathatha amayeza acinezela amajoni omzimba, afana nalawo aza kufakelwa, okanye abenalo.

Xa unyango olufanelekileyo, iintshulube zinokubulawa kwaye kulindeleke ngokupheleleyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, unyango lufuna ukuphindwa.

Usulelo olunamandla (hyperinfection syndrome) okanye oluye lwasasazeka kwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba (usulelo olusasazwayo) luhlala luneziphumo ezibi, ngakumbi kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka.

Iingxaki ezinokubakho zibandakanya:

• Kusasazwa i-strongyloidiasis, ngakumbi kubantu abane-HIV okanye amajoni omzimba athathaka
• IStrongyloidiasis hyperinfection syndrome, ikwaxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka
• I-pneumonia ye-Eosinophilic
• Ukungondleki ngenxa yeengxaki zokufunxa izakha mzimba

Tsalela umnxeba kwindibano kunye nomboneleli wakho wokhathalelo lwempilo ukuba uneempawu ze-strongyloidiasis.

Ucoceko lomntu siqu lunokunciphisa umngcipheko we-strongyloidiasis. Iinkonzo zempilo yoluntu kunye nezibonelelo zococeko zibonelela ngolawulo olufanelekileyo losulelo.

Amathumbu siswini - strongyidiidiasis; Iintshulube ezingqukuva - strongyloidiasis

• IStrongyloidiasis, ukuqhushumba okwenyuka emva
• Inkqubo yokugaya ukutya

IBogitsh BJ, uCarter CE, u-Oeltmann TN. Izibilini emathunjini. Ku: Bogitsh BJ, Carter CE, Oeltmann TN, ii-eds. IParasitology yoLuntu. Umhla we-5. I-Waltham, MA: I-Elsevier yezeMfundo; I-2019: isahluko 16.

UMejia R, iNtloko yemozulu J, iHotez PJ. Amathumbu emathumbu (iintshulube ezingqukuva). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 286.