Sepsis

I-Sepsis sisifo apho umzimba uphendula ngokuqatha, ukudumba kwintsholongwane okanye ezinye iintsholongwane.

Iimpawu ze-sepsis azibangelwa ziintsholongwane ngokwazo. Endaweni yoko, imichiza ekhutshwa ngumzimba ibangela impendulo.

Usulelo lwebacteria naphina emzimbeni lunokuseta impendulo ekhokelela kwi-sepsis. Iindawo eziqhelekileyo apho usulelo lunokuqala khona zibandakanya:

• Igazi
• Amathambo (aqhelekileyo ebantwaneni)
• Isisu (esihlala sibonakala nge-peritonitis)
• Izintso (ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane, i-pyelonephritis okanye i-urosepsis)
• Ukufakwa kwengqondo (i-meningitis)
• Isibindi okanye inyongo
• Imiphunga (inyumoniya yentsholongwane)
• Ulusu (i-cellulitis)

Kubantu abasesibhedlele, iindawo eziqhelekileyo zosulelo zibandakanya imigca efakwa ngaphakathi, amanxeba otyando, idreyini yotyando, kunye neendawo zokonakala kolusu, ezaziwa ngokuba zizilonda zokulala okanye izilonda zoxinzelelo.

I-Sepsis ihlala ichaphazela iintsana okanye abantu abadala abadala.

Kwi-sepsis, uxinzelelo lwegazi luyehla, lubangele ukothuka. Amalungu amakhulu kunye neenkqubo zomzimba, kubandakanya izintso, isibindi, imiphunga, kunye nenkqubo ye-nervous system inokuyeka ukusebenza kakuhle ngenxa yokuhamba gazi okungalunganga.

Utshintsho kwisimo sengqondo kunye nokuphefumla ngokukhawuleza kunokuba yimiqondiso yokuqala ye-sepsis.

Ngokubanzi, iimpawu ze-sepsis zinokubandakanya:

• Ukugodola
• Ukudideka okanye ukuphambana
• Umkhuhlane okanye ubushushu obuphantsi bomzimba (hypothermia)
• Ubumhlophe obukhanyayo ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo
• Ukudumba kolusu okanye ulusu olunamabala
• Ulusu olufudumeleyo

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kuvavanya umntu lowo aze abuze malunga nembali yonyango lomntu lowo.

Usulelo luhlala luqinisekiswa luvavanyo lwegazi. Kodwa uvavanyo lwegazi alunakuveza sosulelo kubantu abafumene i-antibiotics. Olunye usulelo olunokubangela i-sepsis alunakufunyanwa kuvavanyo lwegazi.

Olunye uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• Umahluko wegazi
• Iigesi zegazi
• Uvavanyo lwezintso
• Ukubalwa kweplatelet, iimveliso zokuthotywa kwefibrin, kunye namaxesha e-coagulation (PT kunye ne-PTT) ukujonga umngcipheko wokopha
• Inani leeseli ezimhlophe

Umntu one-sepsis uya kwamkelwa esibhedlele, ihlala ikwi-ICU. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ahlala enikezelwa ngemithambo (ngaphakathi).

Olunye unyango lubandakanya:

• Ioksijini yokunceda ngokuphefumla
• Ulwelo olunikwa ngomthambo
• Amayeza anyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi
• I-Dialysis ukuba kukho ukusilela kwezintso
• Umatshini wokuphefumla (umoya ongenisa umoya) ukuba kukho ukusilela kwemiphunga

I-Sepsis ihlala isongela ubomi, ngakumbi kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka okanye isifo sexesha elide (esinganyangekiyo).

Umonakalo obangelwe kukuhla kokuhamba kwegazi kumalungu abalulekileyo anje ngengqondo, intliziyo kunye nezintso kungathatha ixesha ukuphucula. Kunokubakho iingxaki zexesha elide ngala malungu.

Umngcipheko we-sepsis unokuncitshiswa ngokufumana zonke izitofu zokugonya ezicetyiswayo.

Esibhedlele, ukuhlamba izandla ngononophelo kunokunceda ukuthintela usulelo olufunyenwe sisibhedlele olukhokelela kwi-sepsis. Ukususwa ngokukhawuleza kwee-catheters ze-urinary kunye nemigca ye-IV xa ingasadingeki kunokukunceda ukukhusela izifo ezikhokelela kwi-sepsis.

Septicemia; Isifo seSepsis; Inkqubo yokuphendula ngokudumba kwesifo; IiSIRS; Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-Septic

IShapiro NI, uJones AE. I-Sepsis syndromes. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 130.

Imvumi M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, et al. Inkcazo yesithathu yemvumelwano yamanye amazwe ye-sepsis kunye ne-septic shock (sepsis-3). JAMA. Ngo-2016; 315 (8): 801-810. I-PMID 26903338 ipapashwe.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26903338/.

van der Poll T, iWiersinga WJ. I-Sepsis kunye nokutshutshiswa kwe-septic. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl 73.