Umhlaza we-Endometrial
Umhlaza we-Endometrial ngumhlaza oqala kwi-endometrium, umgca wesibeleko (isibeleko).
Umhlaza we-Endometrium lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza wesibeleko. Oyena nobangela womhlaza we-endometriji awaziwa. Inqanaba elonyukayo lehomoni ye-estrogen inokudlala indima. Oku kuvuselela ulwakhiwo lwesiphelo sesibeleko. Oku kungakhokelela ekukhuleni okungaqhelekanga kwe-endometrium kunye nomhlaza.
Uninzi lweziganeko zomhlaza we-endometrial zenzeka phakathi kweminyaka engama-60 nama-70. Amatyala ambalwa anokuvela ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-40.
Ezi zinto zilandelayo zinxulumene nehomoni yakho zonyusa umngcipheko womhlaza we-endometrium:
- Unyango lwe-Estrogen ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iprogesterone
- Imbali yee-polyps ze-endometrium
- Amaxesha angenzeki
- Ungaze ukhulelwe
- Ukutyeba kakhulu
- Seswekile
- Isifo sePolycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS)
- Ukuqala ukuya esikhathini usemncinci (ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-12)
- Ukuqala ukuya exesheni emva kweminyaka engama-50
- I-Tamoxifen, ichiza elisetyenziselwa unyango lomhlaza wamabele
Abasetyhini abanezi meko zilandelayo babonakala ngathi basemngciphekweni omkhulu womhlaza we-endometrium:
- Colon okanye umhlaza webele
- Isifo senyongo
- Igazi elonyukayo
Iimpawu zomhlaza we-endometrium zibandakanya:
- Ukopha ngokungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi, kubandakanya ukopha phakathi kwamaxesha okanye ukubonwa / ukopha emva kokuyeka ukuya exesheni
- Kude kakhulu, kunzima, okanye iziqendu eziqhelekileyo zokopha kwilungu lobufazi emva kweminyaka engama-40
- Iintlungu ezisezantsi esiswini okanye isinqe seplastiki
Ngexesha lokuqala kwesifo, uvavanyo lwe-pelvic luhlala luqhelekileyo.
- Kumanqanaba aphambili, kunokubakho utshintsho kubungakanani, imilo, okanye imvakalelo yesibeleko okanye izakhiwo ezingqongileyo.
- I-Pap smear (inokuphakamisa ukrokrela umhlaza we-endometrium, kodwa ungayifumani)
Ngokusekwe kwiimpawu zakho nakwezinye iziphumo, olunye uvavanyo lunokufuneka. Ezinye zinokwenziwa kwiofisi yomboneleli wakho wezempilo. Ezinye zinokwenziwa esibhedlele okanye kwiziko lotyando:
- I-endometrial biopsy: Usebenzisa i-catheter encinci okanye encinci (ityhubhu), izicwili zithathwa kuludwe lwesibeleko (endometrium). Iiseli zivavanywa phantsi kwemicroscope ukujonga ukuba ngaba zibonakala zingaqhelekanga okanye zinomhlaza.
- IHysteroscopy: Isixhobo esifana neseteleskopu esincinci sifakwa kwilungu lobufazi kunye nokuvulwa komlomo wesibeleko. Ivumela umboneleli ukuba abone ngaphakathi kwesibeleko.
- I-Ultrasound: Amaza esandi asetyenziselwa ukwenza umfanekiso wezitho zangasese. I-ultrasound inokwenziwa ngesisu okanye kwilungu lobufazi. I-ultrasound inokumisela ukuba ngaba ulusu lwesibeleko lubonakala lungaqhelekanga okanye lutyebile.
- I-Sonohysterography: I-Fluid ibekwa esibelekweni ngombhobho omncinci, ngelixa imifanekiso ye-ultrasound yelungu lobufazi yenziwe kwisibeleko. Le nkqubo inokwenziwa ukumisela ubukho bayo nayiphi na ubunzima besibeleko obungaqhelekanga obunokuba ngumqondiso womhlaza.
- Imagnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Kolu vavanyo lokucinga, kusetyenziswa iimagnethi ezinamandla ukwenza imifanekiso yamalungu angaphakathi.
Ukuba umhlaza ufumanekile, iimvavanyo zokucinga zinokwenziwa ukujonga ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yistage.
Amanqanaba omhlaza we-endometrial zezi:
- Inqanaba 1: Umhlaza ukwisibeleko kuphela.
- Inqanaba 2: Umhlaza ukwisibeleko kunye nomlomo wesibeleko.
- Isigaba sesi-3: Umhlaza usasazeke ngaphandle kwesibeleko, kodwa hayi ngaphaya kwendawo ye-pelvis eyiyo. Umhlaza unokubandakanya ii-lymph node kwi-pelvis okanye kufutshane ne-aorta (umthambo omkhulu esiswini).
- Isigaba 4: Umhlaza usasazeke kubuso bangaphakathi bamathumbu, isinyi, isisu, okanye amanye amalungu.
Umhlaza ukwachazwa njengebanga loku-1, lesi-2, okanye lesi-3. IBanga loku-1 lelona lincinci, kwaye ibanga lesi-3 lelona linoburharha. Ubundlongondlongo kuthetha ukuba umhlaza uyakhula kwaye usasazeka ngokukhawuleza.
Izinketho zonyango zibandakanya:
- Ugqirha
- Unyango ngemitha
- Unyango ngamayeza
Utyando lokususa isibeleko (i-hysterectomy) lunokwenziwa kubafazi abanesifo sokuqala somhlaza. Ugqirha usenokususa iityhubhu kunye namaqanda.
Ugqirha oludityaniswe nonyango lwemitha lolunye unyango. Ihlala isetyenziselwa abafazi abane:
- Isifo seNqanaba 1 esinethuba eliphezulu lokubuya, sinwenwele kwii-lymph node, okanye libanga lesi-2 okanye lesi-3
- Isigaba sesi-2 sesifo
I-Chemotherapy okanye unyango lwe-hormonal lunokuqwalaselwa kwezinye iimeko, ubukhulu becala kwabo banesigaba sesi-3 nesi-4 sesifo.
Ungaluphelisa uxinzelelo lokugula ngokujoyina iqela lokuxhasa umhlaza. Ukwabelana nabanye abanamava afanayo kunye neengxaki kunokukunceda ungaziva ulilolo.
Umhlaza we-Endometrial uhlala ufunyaniswa kwinqanaba lokuqala.
Ukuba umhlaza awusasazekanga, ama-95% abasetyhini bayaphila emva kweminyaka emi-5. Ukuba umhlaza unwenwele kumalungu akude, malunga neepesenti ezingama-25 zabasetyhini basaphila emva kweminyaka emi-5.
Iingxaki zinokubandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:
- I-anemia ngenxa yokulahleka kwegazi (ngaphambi kokuxilongwa)
- Ukugqobhoza (umngxunya) wesibeleko, esinokuthi senzeke ngexesha le-D kunye no-C okanye i-endometrial biopsy
- Iingxaki kuqhaqho, kwimitha, kunye nakwichemotherapy
Biza ixesha lokubonana nomboneleli wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Nakuphi na ukopha okanye ukubonwa okwenzeka emva kokuqala kokuyeka ukuya exesheni
- Ukopha okanye ukubala emva kokwabelana ngesondo okanye ukulala
- Ukopha kuhlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezisi-7
- Imijikelo yokuya exesheni engaqhelekanga eyenzeka kabini ngenyanga
- Ukukhutshwa okutsha emva kokuyeka ukuya exesheni
- Intlungu yepelvic okanye i-cramping engapheliyo
Akukho luvavanyo luvavanyo olusebenzayo lomhlaza we-endometrium (wesibeleko).
Abasetyhini abanemingcipheko yomhlaza we-endometrium kufuneka balandelwe kufutshane noogqirha babo. Oku kubandakanya abasetyhini abathatha:
- Unyango lwe-Estrogen ngaphandle konyango lweprogesterone
- Tamoxifen ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-2
Ukuvavanywa rhoqo kwe-pelvic, i-Pap smears, ii-ultrasound zangasese, kunye ne-endometrial biopsy kunokuqwalaselwa kwezinye iimeko.
Umngcipheko womhlaza we-endometriji uncitshiswe ngu:
- Ukugcina ubunzima obuqhelekileyo
- Sebenzisa iipilisi zokulawula inzala ngaphezulu konyaka
I-endometrial adenocarcinoma; Wesibeleko adenocarcinoma; Umhlaza wesibeleko; Adenocarcinoma - endometrium; Adenocarcinoma - isibeleko; Umhlaza - isibeleko; Umhlaza - i-endometrium; Umhlaza wesibeleko
- I-Hysterectomy - isisu - ukukhutshwa
- I-Hysterectomy-laparoscopic-ukukhutshwa
- I-Hysterectomy - ubufazi-ukukhutshwa
- Imitha yepelvic - ukukhutshwa
- Iiparvic laparoscopy
- I-anatomy yokuzala yabasetyhini
- D kunye noC
- I-biopsy ye-Endometrium
- Isitshisi
- Isibeleko
- Umhlaza we-Endometrial
U-Armstrong DK. Umhlaza wamanina. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 189.
I-Boggess JF, i-Kilgore JE kunye ne-Tran AQ. Umhlaza wesibeleko. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, ii-eds. I-Oncology yeklinikhi yase-Abeloff. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 85.
UMorice P, uLeary A, uCreutzberg C, u-Abu-Rustum N, uDarai E. Umhlaza we-Endometrial. ILancet. Ngo-2016; 387 (10023): 1094-1108. IINKCUKACHA: 26354523 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26354523/.
Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko loMhlaza weSizwe. Unyango lonyango lomhlaza we-Endometrial (PDQ) -uhlobo lobungcali kwezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/uterine/hp/endometrial- unyango-pdq. Ukuhlaziywa ngoDisemba 17, 2019. Ifikeleleke ngo-Matshi 24, 2020.
Iwebhusayithi yeNethiwekhi yeCancer epheleleyo yoMhlaza. Isikhokelo sonyango se-NCCN kwi-oncology (izikhokelo ze-NCCN): ii-neoplasms zesibeleko. Inguqulelo 1.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/uterine.pdf. Ukuhlaziywa ngo-Matshi 6, 2020. Ifikeleleke ngo-Matshi 24, 2020.