Isiphene se-Ventricular septal

Isiphene se-Ventricular septal ngumngxunya eludongeni owahlula i-ventricle yasekunene nasekhohlo entliziyweni. Isiphene se-Ventricular septal sesinye sezona zinto zixhaphakileyo kwinto yokuzalwa (ekhoyo ukususela ekuzalweni) iziphene zentliziyo. Kwenzeka phantse kwisiqingatha sabo bonke abantwana abanesifo sentliziyo sokuzalwa. Inokwenzeka ngokwayo okanye nezinye izifo zokuzalwa.

Ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe, ii-ventricle zasekunene nezasekhohlo zentliziyo azihlukanga. Ngokukhula komntwana, udonga lwe-septal lwenza ukwahlula ii-ventricle ezi-2. Ukuba udonga alwenzeki ngokupheleleyo, umngxuma uhlala. Lo mngxunya waziwa ngokuba sisiphene se-ventricular septal, okanye i-VSD. Umngxunya unokwenzeka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ecaleni kodonga lwe-septal. Kunokubakho umngxunya omnye okanye imingxunya emininzi.

Isiphene se-Ventricular septal sisiphene sentliziyo esiqhelekileyo. Usana lusenokungabi nazimpawu kwaye umngxuma ungavalwa ngokuhamba kwexesha njengoko udonga luqhubeka nokukhula emva kokuzalwa. Ukuba umngxuma mkhulu, igazi elininzi liya kufakwa kwimiphunga. Oku kunokukhokelela kukusilela kwentliziyo. Ukuba umngxunya mncinci, awunakubhaqwa iminyaka kwaye ufumaneke ebudaleni.

Isizathu se-VSD asikaziwa. Esi siphene sihlala sivela kunye nezinye iziphene zentliziyo yokuzalwa.

Kubantu abadala, ii-VSD zinqabile, kodwa zinobunzima, ubunzima bokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. Le mingxunya ayibangelwa sisiphene sokuzalwa.

Abantu abane-VSDs abanakho ukuba neempawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umngxunya mkhulu, umntwana uhlala eneempawu ezinxulumene nokusilela kwentliziyo.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza
• Ukuphefumla nzima
• Ubumhlophe
• Ukusilela ukutyeba
• Ukukhawuleza kwentliziyo
• Ukubila ngelixa utyisa
• Izifo ezenzeka rhoqo ekuphefumlweni

Ukumamela nge-stethoscope kuhlala kutyhila ukukrokra kwentliziyo. Ukuphakama kokumbombozela kunxulumene nobungakanani besiphene kunye nenani legazi eliwela isiphene.

Uvavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• I-catheterization yentliziyo (ayifane ifuneke, ngaphandle kokuba kukho iingxaki zoxinzelelo lwegazi kwimiphunga)
• I-x-ray yesifuba-ijonga ukubona ukuba ngaba kukho intliziyo enkulu enamanzi emiphungeni
• I-ECG-ibonisa iimpawu ze-ventricle eyandisiweyo ekhohlo
• I-Echocardiogram - isetyenziselwa ukwenza isifo
• I-MRI okanye i-CT yokuskena kwentliziyo- esetyenziselwa ukubona isiphako kwaye ifumanise ukuba lingakanani na igazi elingena emiphungeni

Ukuba isiphene sincinci, akukho nonyango inokufuneka. Kodwa umntwana kufuneka abekwe esweni ngononophelo ngumboneleli wezempilo. Oku kukuqinisekisa ukuba umngxuma uvale ngokufanelekileyo kwaye imiqondiso yokusilela kwentliziyo ayenzeki.

Iintsana ezine-VSD enkulu eneempawu ezinxulumene nokusilela kwentliziyo zinokufuna amayeza okulawula iimpawu kunye notyando ukuvala umngxunya. Amayeza e-diuretic ahlala esetyenziselwa ukunciphisa iimpawu zentliziyo yokuxinana.

Ukuba iimpawu ziyaqhubeka, nokuba kunyango, kufuneka kwenziwe utyando lokuvala isiphene ngesiziba. Ezinye ii-VSD zinokuvalwa ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo ngexesha lokuthanjiswa kwentliziyo, okuthintela isidingo sotyando. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuvalwa kwe-transcatheter. Nangona kunjalo, ziindidi ezithile zeziphene ezinokunyangwa ngempumelelo ngale ndlela.

Ukwenza utyando lwe-VSD ngaphandle kweempawu kuyaphikisana, ngakumbi xa kungekho bungqina bomonakalo wentliziyo. Xoxa oku ngononophelo nomboneleli wakho.

Uninzi lweziphene ezincinci ziya kuvala ngokwazo. Utyando lunokulungisa iziphene ezingavaliyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, umntu akazukuba nayo nayiphi na imiba yezonyango eqhubekayo enxulumene nesiphene ukuba ivaliwe ngotyando okanye iyazivalela. Iingxaki zinokwenzeka ukuba isiphako esikhulu asinyangwa kwaye kukho umonakalo ongapheliyo emiphungeni.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Ukunqongophala kwe-aortic (ukuvuza ivalve eyahlula i-ventricle yasekhohlo kwi-aorta)
• Ukonakala kwenkqubo yokuqhutywa kombane kwentliziyo ngexesha lotyando (kubangela ukungahambi kakuhle okanye ukungahambi kakuhle kwentliziyo)
• Ukukhula okulibazisekileyo kunye nokukhula (ukusilela ukukhula kubuntwana)
• Ukumelwa yintliziyo
• Usulelo lwe-endocarditis (usulelo lwebacteria lwentliziyo)
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi kwimiphunga (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu emiphungeni) ekhokelela ekusileleni kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo

Rhoqo, le meko ifunyanwa kuvavanyo lomntwana rhoqo. Tsalela umnikezeli wosana lwakho usana ukuba kubonakala ngathi lunengxaki yokuphefumla, okanye ukuba umntwana ubonakala enenombolo engaqhelekanga yezifo zokuphefumla.

Ngaphandle kwe-VSD ebangelwa sisifo sentliziyo, le meko ihlala ikhona ngexesha lokuzalwa.

Ukusela utywala kunye nokusebenzisa iyeza lokuthomalalisa i-depakote kunye ne-dilantin ngexesha lokukhulelwa kungonyusa umngcipheko kwii-VSD. Ngaphandle kokuthintela ezi zinto ngexesha lokukhulelwa, akukho ndlela yaziwayo yokuthintela i-VSD.

VSD; Isiphene septal interventricular; Isiphene sentliziyo esibelekwe - i-VSD

• Ukuhlinzwa kwentliziyo yabantwana-ukukhutshwa

• Icandelo lentliziyo phakathi embindini
• Intliziyo - umbono wangaphambili
• Isiphene se-Ventricular septal

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IWebb GD, i-Smallhorn JF, iTherrien J, iRedington AN. Isifo sentliziyo esibelekwe kumntu omkhulu nakwisigulana sabantwana. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 75.