Truncus arteriosus

I-Truncus arteriosus luhlobo olunqabileyo lwesifo sentliziyo apho isitya segazi esinye (i-truncus arteriosus) siphuma kwi-ventricle yasekunene nakwesobunxele, endaweni yezitya ezi-2 eziqhelekileyo (umthambo we-pulmonary and aorta). Kukho ngexesha lokuzalwa (isifo sentliziyo).

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-truncus arteriosus.

Ekujikelezeni okuqhelekileyo, i-pulmonary artery iphuma kwi-ventricle elungileyo kwaye i-aorta iphuma kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo, eyahluliweyo enye kwenye.

Nge-truncus arteriosus, umthambo omnye uphuma kwii-ventricles. Kukho amaxesha amaninzi kukho umngxuma omkhulu phakathi kwee-ventricles ezi-2 (i-ventricular septal defect). Ngenxa yoko, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ngaphandle kweoksijini) kunye nomxube wegazi obomvu (ocebileyo ngeoksijini).

Elinye lale gazi lixubeneyo liya emiphungeni, kwaye amanye aye kuwo wonke umzimba. Rhoqo, igazi elininzi kuneliqhelekileyo liphela liye emiphungeni.

Ukuba le meko ayinyangwa, kubakho iingxaki ezimbini:

• Ukuhamba kwegazi kakhulu emiphungeni kunokubangela ukuba ulwelo olongezelelekileyo lwakhiwe ngaphakathi nangakuzo. Oku kwenza ukuba kubenzima ukuphefumla.
• Ukuba ayishiywanga inganyangwa kwaye ngaphezulu kwegazi eliqhelekileyo elihamba liye emiphungeni ixesha elide, imithambo yegazi emiphungeni yonakala ngokusisigxina. Ixesha elingaphezulu, kuye kube nzima kakhulu ukuba intliziyo inyanzelise igazi kubo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-pulmonary hypertension, enokusongela ubomi.

Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Ulusu oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (cyanosis)
• Ukulibaziseka kokukhula okanye ukusilela kokukhula
• Ukudinwa
• Ukuhamba
• Ukutya okungalunganga
• Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza (tachypnea)
• Ukuphefumla okufutshane (iDyspnea)
• Ukwandiswa kweengcebiso zomnwe (iklabhu)

Isikhalazo sidla ngokuviwa xa simamele intliziyo nge-stethoscope.

Uvavanyo lubandakanya:

• ECG
• Echocardiogram
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Ukucinywa kwentliziyo
• I-MRI okanye i-CT yokuskena kwentliziyo

Utyando luyafuneka ukunyanga le meko. Utyando lwenza imithambo emibini eyahlukeneyo.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, inqanawa itrcal iyagcinwa njenge-aorta entsha. Umthambo omtsha wemiphunga wenziwa kusetyenziswa izicwili ezivela komnye umthombo okanye kusetyenziswa ityhubhu eyenziwe ngumntu. Imithambo yemiphunga yesebe ithungelwe kulo mthambo mtsha. Umngxuma phakathi kwee-ventricles uvaliwe.

Ukulungiswa ngokupheleleyo kuhlala kunika iziphumo ezilungileyo. Enye inkqubo inokufuneka njengoko umntwana ekhula, kuba umthambo wemithambo owakhiwe ngokutsha osebenzisa izicwili zomnye umthombo awuyi kukhula kunye nomntwana.

Amatyala anganyangekiyo e-truncus arteriosus akhokelela ekufeni, rhoqo ngonyaka wokuqala wobomi.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Ukumelwa yintliziyo
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu emiphungeni (uxinzelelo lwegazi)

Shayela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba usana lwakho okanye umntwana:

• Ibonakala iyindinisa
• Kubonakala ngathi udinwe kakhulu okanye uphefumle kancinci
• Ayityi kakuhle
• Kubonakala ngathi ayikhuli okanye ikhula ngesiqhelo

Ukuba ulusu, imilebe, okanye iibhedi zezikhonkwane zibonakala ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye ukuba umntwana ubonakala ngathi uphefumlwa msinya, mse kwigumbi likaxakeka okanye umntwana ahlolwe ngokukhawuleza.

Akukho sithintelo saziwayo. Unyango lwakwangoko lunokuthintela iingxaki ezinzulu.

Isiqu

• Ukuhlinzwa kwentliziyo yabantwana-ukukhutshwa

• Icandelo lentliziyo phakathi embindini
• Truncus arteriosus

I-Fraser CD, iKane LC. Isifo sentliziyo. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, ii-eds. Incwadi yeSabiston yoNyango: Isiseko sebhayiloji yoQeqesho lwangoku. Umhla we-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 58.

IWebb GD, i-Smallhorn JF, iTherrien J, iRedington AN. Isifo sentliziyo esibelekwe kumntu omkhulu nakwisigulana sabantwana. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 75.