Ioyile yedizili

Ioyile yedizili yioyile enzima esetyenziswa kwiinjini zedizili. Ityhefu yedizili yeoyile yenzeka xa umntu eginya ioyile yedizili.

Eli nqaku lelolwazi kuphela. SUKUYISETYENZISE ukunyanga okanye ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwetyhefu uqobo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu onaye une-exposure, fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911), okanye iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yasimahla yoNcedo lweTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States.

Iihydrocarbon ezahlukeneyo

Ioyile yedizili

Ityhefu yedizili yeoyile inokubangela iimpawu kwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba.

AMEHLO, IINDlebe, iimpumlo, nomqala

• Ukuphulukana nombono
• Intlungu ebuhlungu emqaleni
• Intlungu ebukhali okanye ukutshisa empumlweni, amehlo, iindlebe, imilebe, okanye ulwimi

INKQUBO YE-GASTROINTESTINAL

• Igazi esitulweni
• Ukutsha komqala (umqala)
• Iintlungu ezinzima zesisu
• Ukuhlanza
• Ukuphalaza igazi

IINTLIZIYO ZENTLIZIYO NEGAZI

• Ukuwa
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi olukhula ngokukhawuleza (ukothuka)

AMANDLA NEENDLELA

• Ukuphefumla ubunzima
• I-Empyema (ulwelo olunentsholongwane olujikeleze imiphunga)
• I-edema ye-pulmary edema (i-fluid yegazi emaphakeni)
• Ukucaphuka kwemiphunga kunye nokukhohlela
• Uxinzelelo lokuphefumla okanye ukusilela
• I-Pneumothorax (ukuwa kwemiphunga, inxenye okanye iphelele)
• Ukuchithwa kwe-Pleural (i-fluid ejikeleze imiphunga, ukunciphisa amandla abo okwandisa)
• Usuleleko lwebhaktiriya okanye usulelo lwentsholongwane
• Ukudumba komqala (kunokubangela nobunzima bokuphefumla)

Uninzi lweziphumo eziyingozi kakhulu ze-hydrocarbon (ezinjengeoyile yedizili) ityhefu zibangelwa kukusezela umsi.

INKQUBO YENKONZO

• Ukuphazamiseka
• Umbono omfiliba
• Umonakalo wobuchopho kumanqanaba asezantsi eoksijini (anokukhokelela kwimicimbi yememori kunye nokunciphisa amandla okucinga ngokucacileyo)
• I-Coma (ukwehla kwenqanaba lokuqonda kunye nokusilela ekuphenduleni)
• Ukudideka
• Ukuququzelela ulungelelwaniso
• Ukuba nesiyezi
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukuxhuzula
• Ukungazinzi (ukulala kunye nokuphendula kokuphendula)
• Ubuthathaka

ULusu

• Ukutsha
• Ukucaphuka

Funa uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko. SUKWENZA umntu aphose ngaphandle kokuba axelelwe ukuba enze njalo ngolawulo lweetyhefu okanye ingcali yezempilo.

Ukuba imichiza iye yaginywa, khawuleza unike umntu amanzi okanye ubisi, ngaphandle kokuba uyalelwe ngenye indlela ngumboneleli wezempilo. SUKUNIKE amanzi okanye ubisi ukuba umntu uneempawu (ezinjengokugabha, ukuxhuzula, okanye izinga lokuphaphela) elenza kubenzima ukuginya.

Ukuba imichiza isesikhumbeni okanye emehlweni, coca amanzi amaninzi ubuncinci imizuzu eli-15.

Fumana olu lwazi lulandelayo:

• Ubudala bomntu, ubunzima, kunye nemeko
• Igama lemveliso (izithako kunye namandla, ukuba kuyaziwa)
• Ixesha laliginyiwe
• Isixa siginyiwe

Iziko lakho lokulawula ityhefu lingafikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wenombolo yasimahla yasimahla kuTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na e-United States. Inombolo yomnxeba kazwelonke iya kukuvumela ukuba uthethe neengcali kwiityhefu. Baza kukunika eminye imiyalelo.

Le yinkonzo yasimahla neyimfihlo. Onke amaziko olawulo lwetyhefu aseMelika asebenzisa le nombolo yesizwe. Kuya kufuneka ubize ukuba unemibuzo malunga netyhefu okanye ukuthintela ityhefu. AKUFUNI ukuba ibe yingxakeko. Ungatsalela umnxeba nangasiphi na isizathu, iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Umboneleli uya kulinganisa kwaye abeke esweni iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zomntu, kubandakanya iqondo lobushushu, ukubetha kwentliziyo, inqanaba lokuphefumla, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Iimpawu ziya kuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo. Umntu angafumana:

• Inkxaso yokuphefumla, kubandakanya ioksijini enikezelwa ngombhobho ngomlomo ukuya emiphungeni, kunye nomatshini wokuphefumla (i-ventilator)
• I-Bronchoscopy-ikhamera ezantsi emqaleni ukubona ukutsha kwi-airways nasemiphungeni
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• ECG (ukulandelwa kwentliziyo)
• Ikhamera ye-Endoscopy ezantsi emqaleni ukuze ibone ukutsha kwi-esophagus (ukugwinya ityhubhu) kunye nesisu
• Ulwelo ngomthambo (ngo-IV)
• Iyeza lokunyanga iimpawu
• Ukususwa kotyando kolusu olutshisiweyo (ukomisa ulusu)
• Thubhu ungene emlonyeni ungene esiswini ukuze ukhuphe (ukumunca) isisu, kodwa kuphela kwimeko yokungenisa okukhulu ukuba ixhoba libonwa kwiyure nje yokuginya ityhefu kwaye ukuba akukho monakalo kulomqala
• Ukuhlamba ulusu (ukunkcenkceshela), mhlawumbi rhoqo kwiiyure ezimbalwa kwiintsuku ezininzi

Ukusebenza kakuhle komntu kuxhomekeke kubungakanani betyhefu eginyileyo kunye nokuba unyango lufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Ngokukhawuleza umntu ufumana uncedo lwezonyango, ngcono ithuba lokufumana kwakhona.

Ukuginya ipetroli kungonakalisa i-linings ye:

• Umqala
• Amathumbu
• Umlomo
• Isisu
• Umqala

Umonakalo omkhulu nosisigxina unokwenzeka ukuba idizili ingena emiphungeni.

Ukulimala okulibazisekayo kunokwenzeka, kubandakanya umngxunya owenza umqala, umqala, isisu okanye imiphunga. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuphumeni kwegazi kunye nokusuleleka, kwaye kunokubulala. Utyando lunokufuneka ukunyanga ezi ngxaki.

Incasa erhabaxa yepetroli yenza ukuba kungalindeleka ukuba isixa esikhulu siginywe. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko zetyhefu zenzekile kubantu abazama ukuncancisa (i-siphon) igesi kwitanki lemoto besebenzisa umlomo wabo kunye nethumbu lombhobho (okanye ityhubhu efanayo). Le nto iyingozi kakhulu kwaye ayicetyiswa.

Ioyile

IBlanc PD. Iimpendulo eziqinisekileyo kukuvezwa okunetyhefu. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, ii-eds. Incwadi kaMurray kunye neNadel yeyeza lokuphefumla. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 75.

U-Wang GS, uBuchanan JA. IiHydrocarbon. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 152.