Phawula ukuluma

Amakhalane ziincukuthu ezinokuncamathisela kuwe xa uhlamba izihlahla ezidlulileyo, izityalo kunye nengca. Kanye kuwe, amakhalane ahlala kwindawo efudumeleyo, emanzi emzimbeni wakho, njengamakhwapha, ukuqaqamba kunye neenwele. Kulapho, banamathela ngokuqinileyo kulusu lwakho kwaye baqale ukutsala igazi. Ukuphepha amakhalane kubalulekile kuba angakusulela ngeentsholongwane kunye nezinye izinto ezibanga ukugula.

Amakhalane anokuba makhulu ngokulingeneyo, malunga nobukhulu besiciko sepensile, okanye incinci kakhulu kangangokuba akunakwenzeka ukuba uwabone. Zimalunga nama-850 iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamakhalane. Uninzi lokulunywa ngamakhalane alunabungozi, kodwa ezinye zinokubangela iimeko zempilo ezinobulali.

Eli nqaku lichaza iziphumo zokulunywa ngamakhalane.

Eli nqaku lelolwazi kuphela. MUSA ukuyisebenzisa ukunyanga okanye ukulawula ukulunywa ngamakhalane. Ukuba wena okanye umntu onaye ulunywa likhalane, fowunela inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo yakho (enje nge-911), okanye indawo yakho yetyhefu yengingqi inokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wenombolo yasimahla yoNcedo lweTyhefu (1-800-222- 1222) naphi na eUnited States.

Amakhalane amakhosikazi awomeleleyo kwaye athambileyo akholelwa ekubeni enza ityhefu enokubangela ukukhubazeka kwamakhalane ebantwaneni.

Uninzi lwamakhalane alunazifo, kodwa amanye aphethe ibacteria okanye ezinye izinto ezinokubangela:

• Umkhuhlane weColorado
• Isifo seLyme
• Umkhuhlane obonwe yiNtaba yeRocky
• Tularemia

Ezi kunye nezinye izigulo zinokubangela intliziyo, inkqubo yeemithambo-luvo, izintso, i-adrenal gland, kunye nokonakala kwesibindi, kwaye kunokubangela ukufa.

Amakhalane ahlala kwimimandla enemithi okanye kwimihlaba enengca.

Jonga iimpawu zezifo ezithwalwa ngamakhalane kwiiveki emva kokulunywa ngamakhalane. Oku kubandakanya izihlunu okanye izihlunu ezihlangeneyo, intamo elukhuni, intloko ebuhlungu, ubuthathaka, umkhuhlane, i-lymph node, kunye nezinye iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane. Jonga indawo ebomvu okanye ukukhawuleza ukuqala kwindawo yokuluma.

Iimpawu ezingezantsi zivela ngokuluma uqobo, hayi kwizifo ezinokubangelwa kukulunywa. Ezinye zeempawu zibangelwa ludidi oluthile lwenqaku okanye olunye, kodwa zisenokungabikho kuwo onke amakhalane.

• Wayeka ukuphefumla
• Kunzima ukuphefumla
• Amadyungudyungu
• Irhashalala
• Intlungu ebuhlungu esizeni, ukuhlala iiveki ezininzi (kwezinye iintlobo zamakhalane)
• Ukudumba kwindawo (kwezinye iintlobo zamakhalane)
• Ubuthathaka
• Intshukumo engahambelaniyo

Susa uphawu. Lumka ungashiyi intloko yekhalane inamathele eluswini. Ukuba kuyenzeka, beka olu phawu kwisitya esivaliweyo kwaye usise kwigumbi likaxakeka. Emva koko coca indawo ngesepha namanzi.

Ngaba olu lwazi lukulungele:

• Ubudala bomntu, ubunzima, kunye nemeko
• Ixesha lokulunywa likhalane kwenzeka
• Icandelo lomzimba elichaphazelekayo

Iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wasimahla kwiNombolo yoNcedo (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States. Baza kukunika eminye imiyalelo.

Le yinkonzo yasimahla neyimfihlo. Onke amaziko olawulo lwetyhefu aseMelika asebenzisa le nombolo yesizwe. Kuya kufuneka ubize ukuba unemibuzo malunga netyhefu okanye ukuthintela ityhefu. AKUFUNI ukuba ibe yingxakeko. Ungatsalela umnxeba nangasiphi na isizathu, iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Iimpawu ziya kunyangwa. Unyango lwexesha elide lunokufuneka ukuba iingxaki ziyavela. Amayeza othintelo ahlala enikwa abantu abahlala kwimimandla apho isifo seLyme sixhaphake khona.

Umntu angafumana:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo
• Inkxaso yokuphefumla, kubandakanya ioksijini, ityhubhu ezantsi komqala kunye nomatshini wokuphefumla (i-ventilator) kwiimeko ezinzulu
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-ECG (i-electrocardiogram, okanye ukulandelwa kwentliziyo)
• Amanzi afakwa ngaphakathi (ngokusebenzisa umthambo)
• Amayeza okunyanga iimpawu

Inkoliso yokulunywa ngamakhalane ayinabungozi. Isiphumo siya kuxhomekeka ekubeni loluphi na uhlobo losulelo amakhalane ekusenokwenzeka ukuba ebeluthwele kwaye luqale ngokukhawuleza kangakanani na unyango olufanelekileyo. Ukuba ulunywe likhalane ebeliphethe isifo kwaye khange unyangwe ngokuchanekileyo, iziphumo zexesha elide kwezempilo zinokwenzeka kwiinyanga okanye kwiminyaka kamva.

Ukukhuselwa komntu ngokuchasene nokulunywa kunokufikelelwa ngokuphepha indawo apho amakhalane aziwa khona kwaye asebenzise izinto zokugxotha izinambuzane.

Ukuzikhusela kumakhalane, zama ukuhlala kude neendawo ezaziwa ngokuhlala amakhalane. Ukuba ukwindawo ehlala amakhalane, thambisa into ephindisela izinambuzane emzimbeni wakho kwaye unxibe iimpahla zokuzikhusela. Vavanya ulusu lwakho xa unempawu zokulunywa ngamakhalane okanye amakhalane emva kohambo lwakho.

• Isifo seLyme - erythema migrans
• Umzimba wesifo seLyme - iBorrelia burgdorferi
• Amakhalane amaxhama
• Amakhalane
• Phawula - amaxhama afakwe kulusu
• Isifo seLyme - iBorrelia burgdorferi ephilayo
• Phawula, inyamakazi-ibhinqa elidala
• Ixhama nenja zikhathaza
• Phawula ngaphakathi kulusu lwakho

UBryant K. Usulelo lweetickborne. Ku: I-SS ende, iProber CG, uFischer M, ii-eds. Imigaqo kunye nokuziqhelanisa nezifo ezosulelayo zabantwana. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 90.

ICummins GA, iTraub SJ. Izifo ezithwala amakhalane. Ku: IAuerbach PS, Cushing TA, Harris NS, ii-eds. Amayeza ase-Auerbach Wilderness. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 42.

UJames WD, u-Elston DM, nyanga i-JR, i-Rosenbach MA, i-IM ye-Neuhaus. Uhlaselo lweParasitic, ukuhlaba kunye nokulunywa. Ku: James WD, Elston DM, Phatha uJR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM, ii-eds. Izifo zikaAndrews zolusu: Unyango lweKlinikhi. Umhla we-13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 20.

I-Otten EJ. Ukulimala kwezilwanyana ezinobungozi. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 55.