Ukuphulukana nokuva

Ukuphulukana nokuva kuyinxalenye okanye akunakukwazi kwaphela ukuva isandi kwindlebe enye okanye zombini.

Iimpawu zokuphulukana nendlebe zinokubandakanya:

• Ezinye izandi zibonakala ngathi ziyangxola kwindlebe enye
• Kunzima ukulandela iincoko xa abantu ababini okanye nangaphezulu bethetha
• Ubunzima bokuva kwiindawo ezinengxolo
• Ingxaki ukuxelela izandi eziphezulu (ezinje nge "s" okanye "th") omnye komnye
• Ingxaki encinci yokuva amazwi amadoda kunamazwi amabhinqa
• Ukuva amazwi njengokumbombozela okanye ukudinwa

Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Ukuziva ungekho semgangathweni okanye udizzy (exhaphake ngesifo seMénière kunye neacoustic neuroma)
• Ukuziva uxinzelelo endlebeni (kulwelo olungasemva kwendlebe)
• Ukukhala okanye ukubetha isandi ezindlebeni (i-tinnitus)

Ukulahleka kwendlebe okuqhubayo (CHL) kwenzeka ngenxa yengxaki yoomatshini kwindlebe engaphandle okanye embindini. Kungenxa yokuba:

• Amathambo ama-3 amancinci endlebe (ossicles) awaqhubeki kakuhle nesandi.
• I-eardrum ayishukumi ekuphenduleni isandi.

Oonobangela bokuphulukana nendlebe ngokuqhubayo banokunyangwa. Ziquka:

• Ukwakhiwa kwe-wax kumsele wendlebe
• Umonakalo kumathambo amancinci kakhulu (ossicles) athe ngqo emva kwendlebe
• Ulwelo olushiyeke endlebeni emva kosulelo lwendlebe
• Into yelinye ilizwe ebambeke kumjelo wendlebe
• Umngxunya kwindlebe
• I-Scar kwi-eardrum ukusuka kusulelo oluphindaphindiweyo

Ukuphulukana nokuva kwemvakalelo (SNHL) kwenzeka xa iiseli ezincinci zeenwele (iziphelo zemithambo-luvo) ezifumanisa isandi endlebeni zonzakele, zigula, zingasebenzi ngokuchanekileyo, okanye zafa. Olu hlobo lokulahleka kwendlebe kaninzi alunakubuyiselwa umva.

Ukuphulukana nokuva kwemvakalelo kubangelwa ngu:

• I-acoustic neuroma
• Ukuphulukana nendlebe enxulumene nobudala
• Usulelo lwabantwana, njenge-meningitis, uqwilikana, umkhuhlane obomvu, kunye nemasisi
• Isifo seMénière
• Ukuvezwa rhoqo kwimisindo engxolayo (efana nomsebenzi okanye ulonwabo)
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile

Ukuphulukana nendlebe kunokuba khona xa uzalwa (ngokuzalwa) kwaye kunokubangelwa:

• Iziphene zokuzalwa ezibangela utshintsho kulwakhiwo lweendlebe
• Iimeko zofuzo (ngaphezulu kwama-400 ziyaziwa)
• Usulelo umama aludlulisela kusana lwakhe esibelekweni, olunjenge toxoplasmosis, rubella, okanye herpes

Indlebe inokwenzakala ngu:

• Umahluko woxinzelelo phakathi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-eardrum, uhlala ushukuma ngokuntywila
• Ukophuka kwamakhanda (kungonakalisa izakhiwo okanye imithambo-luvo yendlebe)
• Umothuko ovela kuqhushumbo, iziqhushumbisi, izithonga zompu, iikhonsathi zerock, nakwii-earphone

Unako ukuhlamba i-wax eyakhiweyo ngaphandle kwendlebe (ngobunono) ngeesirinji zendlebe (ezifumaneka kwiivenkile zeziyobisi) kunye namanzi ashushu. Izithambisi ze-wax (ezinjengeCerumenex) zinokufuneka ukuba i-wax inzima kwaye inamathele endlebeni.

Qaphela xa ususa izinto zangaphandle endlebeni. Ngaphandle kokuba kube lula ukufikelela kuyo, kufuneka umboneleli wakho wezempilo ayisuse loo nto. Sukusebenzisa izixhobo ezibukhali ukususa izinto zangaphandle.

Jonga umboneleli wakho ngayo nayiphi na ilahleko yokuva.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Iingxaki zokuva ziphazamisa indlela ophila ngayo.
• Iingxaki zokuva azipheli okanye zibe mbi ngakumbi.
• Ukuva kubi kwindlebe enye kunenye.
• Unokuphulukana nokuva ngesiquphe, okanye ukukhala ezindlebeni (tinnitus).
• Unazo ezinye iimpawu, ezinjengentlungu yeendlebe, kunye neengxaki zokuva.
• Unentloko entsha, ubuthathaka, okanye ukuphazamiseka naphi na emzimbeni wakho.

Umboneleli uya kuthatha imbali yakho yezonyango kwaye enze uvavanyo lomzimba.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwe-audiometric (iimvavanyo zokuva ezisetyenziselwa ukukhangela uhlobo kunye nenani lokulahleka kwendlebe)
  
• I-CT okanye i-MRI scan entloko (ukuba kukrokreleka ithumba okanye ukwaphuka)
• KwiTympanometry

Olu tyando lulandelayo lunokunceda ezinye iintlobo zokuphulukana nendlebe:

• Ukulungiswa kweendlebe
• Ukubeka iityhubhu eardrums ukususa ulwelo
• Ukulungiswa kwamathambo amancinci kwindlebe esembindini (ossiculoplasty)

Oku kulandelayo kunokunceda ekuphulukaneni nendlebe ixesha elide:

• Izixhobo zokumamela
• Ukhuseleko kunye neenkqubo zokulumkisa ikhaya lakho
• Izinto zokuncedisa ukuva
• Ukufakwa kweCochlear
• Iindlela zokufunda zokukunceda unxibelelane
• Intetho yezandla (yabo banengxaki yokungeva kakuhle)

Ukufakwa kwe-Cochlear kusetyenziswa kuphela kubantu abaphulukene nokuva kakhulu ukuze baxhamle kuncedo lokuva.

Ukuncipha kokuva; Ukungeva; Ukuphulukana nokuva; Ukuphulukana nokuva kwendlebe; Ukuphulukana nendlebe I-Presbycusis

• I-anatomy yendlebe

UbuGcisa HA, iAdams ME. Ukuphulukana nokuva kwemvakalelo kubantu abadala. Ku: IFlint PW, uFrancis HW, uHaughey BH, et al, ii-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Utyando lweNtloko kunye neNtamo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 152.

Eggermont JJ. Iindidi zokuphulukana neendlebe. Ku: Eggermont JJ, ed. Ukuva ilahleko. ICambridge, MA: Elsevier Academic Press; Ngo-2017: isahluko 5.

IKerber KA, iBaloh RW. I-Neuro-otology: ukuxilongwa kunye nolawulo lweengxaki ze-neuro-otological. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 46.

U-Prell CG. Ukuphulukana nengxolo. Ku: IFlint PW, uFrancis HW, uHaughey BH, et al, ii-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Utyando lweNtloko kunye neNtamo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahl. 154.

Umchebi we-AE, uShibata SB, uSmith RJH. Ukuphulukana nokuva kwemfuza. Ku: IFlint PW, uFrancis HW, uHaughey BH, et al, ii-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Utyando lweNtloko kunye neNtamo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 150.

Ukuphazamiseka kweendlebe. Ku: Gcwalisa i-HM, i-Rockwood K, i-Young J, ii-eds. Incwadi ka-Brocklehurst ye-Geriatric Medicine kunye neGerontology. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2017: isahluko 96.