Zisi-8 ezizezinye zoNyango lweMpilo yeNgqondo, Zicacisiwe

Umxholo

• Unyango lobugcisa
• Unyango loMdaniso okanye lweNtshukumo
• I-Hypnotherapy
• Unyango ngokuhleka
• Unyango lokuKhanya
• Unyango lomculo
• Unyango oluphambili
• Unyango lwasentlango
• Uphengululo lwe

Gqr. Freud. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango zitshintsha iindlela esondela kuzo ukuba sempilweni kwengqondo. Nangona unyango lokuthetha luphila kwaye lulungile, iindlela ezintsha zokusebenzela zinokusebenza njengokuzimela zodwa okanye ukongezelela kunyango oluqhelekileyo lwengqondo, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zezigulane ezinikiweyo. Landela njengoko sihlela ezi ndlela zonyango kwaye sifunde indlela abanye abantu abazobe ngayo, abadanise, behleka, kwaye mhlawumbi nokuzilolongela impilo engcono.

Unyango lobugcisa

Ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1940s, unyango lobugcisa lusebenzisa inkqubo yokuyila ukunceda abathengi baphonononge kwaye balungelelanise iimvakalelo zabo, baphuhlise ukuzazi, banciphise ixhala, bajamelane nomothuko, balawule ukuziphatha, kunye nokwandisa ukuzithemba. Unyango lobugcisa luluncedo ngokukodwa kwimeko zoxinzelelo, njengoko lubonelela abaguli "ngolwimi olubonakalayo" ukuba balusebenzise xa bengenawo amagama okuchaza iimvakalelo zabo. Ukwenza ezi nkqubo, oochwephesha bezobugcisa (abafunekayo ukuba babe nesidanga semasters ukuze baziqhelanise) baqeqeshwe kuphuhliso lomntu, kwizengqondo nakwingcebiso. Izifundo ezininzi zixhasa ukusebenza konyango, ukufumanisa ukuba inokunceda ekuvuseleleni abantu abanengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nokuphucula imeko yengqondo kubafazi abajamelene nokungachumi.

Unyango loMdaniso okanye lweNtshukumo

Umdaniso (okwaziwa njengonyango lokuhamba) unyango lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwentshukumo yokufikelela kubuchule kunye neemvakalelo kunye nokukhuthaza impilo yeemvakalelo, yengqondo, yomzimba kunye neyasentlalweni, kwaye isetyenziswe njengomphelelisi kunyango lwaseNtshona ukusukela kwiminyaka yoo-1940. Ngokusekwe kunxibelelwano phakathi komzimba, ingqondo kunye nomoya, unyango lukhuthaza ukuzihlola ngokushukuma okucacileyo. Olunye uphononongo lufumanise ukuba unyango lomdaniso lunokuphucula iimpawu zokudakumba kwaye lukhuthaze impilo kunye nokuba sempilweni, kodwa abanye abaphandi bahlala bethandabuza iinzuzo zonyango.

I-Hypnotherapy

Kwiseshoni ye-hypnotherapy, abathengi bakhokelwa kwimeko yokugxila okunzulu. Ngokuchasene nenkolelo edumileyo, umntu olaliswe ngomlingo akalokothi "alele;" bakwimo yolwazi ephakamile. Injongo kukuthulisa ingqondo (okanye yokuhlalutya) ukuze i-subconscious (okanye i-non-analytical) ingqondo iphakame phezulu. Ugqirha uphakamisa izimvo (izigcawu azoyiki) okanye utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila (yeka ukutshaya) kwisigulana. Ingcamango kukuba ezi njongo ziya kutyalwa kwi-psyche yomntu kwaye zikhokelela kwiinguqu ezintle emva kweseshoni. Oko kwathethileyo, ii-hypnotherapists zixinzelela ukuba abathengi bahlala belawula, nokuba ugqirha wenza iingcebiso.

I-Hypnotherapy isetyenzisiwe kangangeenkulungwane njengendlela yokulawula iintlungu. Kwakhona kubonakaliswe ekuncedeni ukuphumla kunye nokulawula uxinzelelo, kwaye i-hypnotherapists igcina ukuba inokunceda ukunyanga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zengqondo, imvakalelo, kunye nokuphazamiseka komzimba, ukusuka ekoyiseni iziyobisi kunye ne-phobias ukuphelisa i-stammer kunye nokunciphisa intlungu. Kwangelo xesha, kuye kwagxothwa ziingcali ezithile kwicandelo lezempilo yengqondo ngokungaphumeleli ukunceda abathengi ukuba baqonde unobangela wezinto zabo zengqondo ezishiya izigulana zisengozini yokubuyela umva.

Unyango ngokuhleka

Unyango lokuhleka (olukwabizwa ngokuba yi-humor therapy) lusekelwe kwiinzuzo zokuhleka, ezibandakanya ukunciphisa ukudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba, ukunyusa amandla omzimba, kunye nokukhuthaza isimo sengqondo esihle. Unyango lusebenzisa uburharha ukukhuthaza impilo kunye nokuba sempilweni kwaye luthomalalise uxinzelelo lomzimba nolweemvakalelo okanye iintlungu, kwaye lusetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukusukela ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithathu ukunceda abaguli ukumelana neentlungu. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uphononongo lufumene ukuba unyango lokuhleka lunokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokuqaqanjelwa bubuthongo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wokulala (ubuncinci kubantu abadala).

Unyango lokuKhanya

Uninzi lwaziwa ngokunyanga iSeasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), unyango olulula luqale ukufumana ukuthandwa ngeminyaka yoo-1980. Unyango luqulathe ukubonakaliswa okulawulwayo kumanqanaba okukhanya okuqaqambileyo (aqhelekileyo akhutshwa ziibhalbhu ezibengezelayo ezibekwe ngasemva kwescreen sokusasaza). Ngaphandle kokuba bahlala kwiindawo ezikhanyiswe kukukhanya, izigulana zinokuhamba ngemicimbi yazo yesiqhelo ngexesha leseshoni yonyango. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uphando lufumene ukuba unyango olukhanyayo olukhanyayo lunokuba luncedo ekunyangeni ukudakumba, ukuphazamiseka kokutya, ukudakumba kwe-bipolar, kunye nokuphazamiseka kokulala.

Unyango lomculo

Zininzi izibonelelo zempilo kumculo, kubandakanya ukuthoba uxinzelelo kunye nokunyusa iintlungu, ngenxa yoko akumangalisi ukuba kukho unyango olubandakanya ukwenza (nokumamela) iiswiti ezimnandi. Kwiseshoni yonyango lomculo, abanyangi abaziingcali basebenzise ungenelelo lomculo (ukumamela umculo, ukwenza umculo, ukubhala iingoma) ukunceda abathengi bafikelele kubuchule babo kunye neemvakalelo kunye nokujolisa kwiinjongo zabathengi, ezihlala zijikeleza kulawulo loxinzelelo, ukunciphisa iintlungu, ukuveza iimvakalelo, ukuphucula inkumbulo kunye nonxibelelwano, kunye nokukhuthaza impilo yengqondo kunye nomzimba jikelele. Amaphononongo ngokubanzi axhasa ukusebenza konyango ekuthobeni iintlungu kunye nokuxhalaba.

Unyango oluphambili

Ifumene ukubambeka emva kwencwadi I-Primal Scream Yapapashwa emva ngo-1970, kodwa unyango olusisiseko luquka okungaphezulu kokungxola emoyeni. Umseki wayo ophambili, u-Arthur Janov, wayekholelwa ukuba ukugula ngengqondo kungapheliswa ngokuthi "uphinde uphinde uve" kwaye uvakalise iintlungu zobuntwana (ukugula okunzima usana, ukuziva ungathandwa ngabazali bakabani). Iindlela ezichaphazelekayo zibandakanya ukukhala, ukulila, okanye enye into efunekayo ukukhupha ngokupheleleyo intlungu.

NgokukaJanov, ukucinezela iinkumbulo ezibuhlungu kuxinzelelo lweengqondo zethu, ezinokubangela i-neurosis kunye / okanye izifo zomzimba kubandakanya izilonda, ukungasebenzi ngokwesondo, uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesifuba. I-Primal Therapy ifuna ukunceda izigulane ziphinde zidibanise neemvakalelo ezicinezelweyo kwiingcambu zemiba yazo, zivakalise, kwaye zivumele ukuba zihambe, ngoko ke le miqathango inokusombulula. Nangona inabalandeli bayo, unyango luye lwagxekwa ngokufundisa izigulana ukuba zivakalise iimvakalelo ngaphandle kokubonelela ngezixhobo eziyimfuneko ukuze zisebenze ngokupheleleyo ezo mvakalelo kwaye zifake utshintsho oluhlala luhleli.

Unyango lwasentlango

Iingcali zentlango zithatha abaxumi baye kwiindawo ezinkulu zangaphandle ukuze bathathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yangaphandle ye-adventure kunye neminye imisebenzi enje ngezakhono zokuphila kunye nokuzibonakalisa. Injongo kukukhuthaza ukukhula komntu kunye nokwenza ukuba abathengi baphucule ubudlelwane babo. Iinzuzo zempilo zokuphuma ngaphandle zixhaswe kakuhle: Uphononongo lufumanise ukuba ixesha kwindalo linokwehlisa unxunguphalo, lonyuse umoya, kwaye luphucule ukuzithemba.

Iphepha elichazayo ukuba awusenanto oyifunayo: Olu lwazi lungentla kuphela, kwaye uGreatist akanyanzelekanga ukuba axhase ezi zinto. Kuhlala kucetyiswa ukuba unxibelelane nengcali yezonyango ngaphambi kokuba wenze naluphi na unyango oluqhelekileyo okanye ololunye uhlobo.

Umbulelo okhethekileyo kuGqirha Jeffrey Rubin noCheryl Dury ngoncedo lwabo ngeli nqaku.

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