ILopinavir kunye neRitonavir

Umxholo

• Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe i-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir,
• I-Lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba ezinye zeempawu zinzima okanye azihambi:
• Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuba nzulu. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, tsalela umnxeba kwangoko okanye ufumane unyango olungxamisekileyo:

I-Lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir ngoku zifundwa kwizifundo ezininzi eziqhubekayo zonyango lokunyanga isifo se-coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) nokuba sisodwa okanye ngamanye amayeza. Usetyenziso lwe-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir kunyango lwe-COVID-19 alukasekwa. Abanye oososayensi banethemba kuba la mayeza asetyenziselwe ukunyanga izifo ezosulelayo ezifanayo.

I-Lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir kufuneka zithathwe KUPHELA phantsi kolawulo lukagqirha kunyango lwe-COVID-19.

Indibaniselwano ye-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir isetyenziswa namanye amayeza ukunyanga usulelo lwe-immunodeficiency virus (HIV). I-Lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir bakudidi lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba zii-protease inhibitors. Basebenza ngokunciphisa inani le-HIV egazini. Xa i-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir zithathwa kunye, i-ritonavir ikwanceda ukwandisa inani le-lopinavir emzimbeni ukuze iyeza libe nefuthe elikhulu. Nangona i-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir ingazukuyinyanga i-HIV, la mayeza angalinciphisa ithuba lakho lokufumana isifo se-immunodeficiency syndrome (i-AIDS) kunye nezifo ezinxulumene ne-HIV ezinje ngezifo ezinzulu okanye umhlaza. Ukuthatha la mayeza kunye nokwabelana ngesondo okukhuselekileyo nokwenza olunye utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokudlulisela intsholongwane kagawulayo kwabanye abantu.

Indibaniselwano ye-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir iza njengecwecwe lesisombululo (ulwelo) oluthathwa ngomlomo. Ihlala ithathwa kabini ngemini, kodwa inokuthathwa kanye ngemini ngabantu abadala. Isisombululo kufuneka sithathwe ngokutya. Amacwecwe anokuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya. Landela izikhokelo kwileyibhile yakho yonyango ngononophelo, kwaye ubuze ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti ukuba achaze nayiphi na indawo ongayiqondiyo. Thatha i-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir ngokuchanekileyo njengoko kuyalelwe. Musa ukuthatha ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwayo okanye uthathe rhoqo kunokuba umiselwe ngugqirha wakho.

Ginya iipilisi ngokupheleleyo; ungahluleli, ungahlaleli, okanye uzityumze.

Ukuba usebenzisa isisombululo, yishukumise kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba isetyenziselwe ukuxuba amayeza ngokulinganayo. Sebenzisa icephe yokulinganisa idosi okanye ikomityi ukulinganisa inani elichanekileyo lolwelo kwidosi nganye, hayi icephe lekhaya eliqhelekileyo.

Qhubeka nokuthatha i-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir nokuba uziva uphilile. Sukuyeka ukuthatha i-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha wakho. Ukuba uphosa idosi, thatha ngaphantsi kwexabiso elimiselweyo, okanye uyeke ukuthatha i-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir, imeko yakho inokuba nzima ukunyanga.

Eli yeza linokumiselwa ezinye izinto; buza ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti ngolwazi oluthe kratya.

Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe i-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir,

• xelela ugqirha wakho kunye nosokhemesti ukuba ngaba uxabana ne-lopinavir, ritonavir (Norvir), nawaphi na amanye amayeza, okanye nasiphi na isithako esikwipilisi ye-lopinavir ne-ritonavir okanye isisombululo Buza usokhemesti wakho uluhlu lwezithako.
• xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba uthatha nawaphi na amayeza alandelayo: alfuzosin (Uroxatral); iapalutamide (Erleada); i-cisapride (Propulsid) (ayifumaneki e-U.S.); colchicine (Colcrys, Mitigare) kubantu abanezintso okanye isifo sesibindi; idronarone (iMultaq); elbasvir kunye negrazoprevir (Zepatier); amayeza e-ergot anje nge-dihydroergotamine (iDHE 45, Migranal), ergotamine (Ergomar, eCafergot, eMigergot), kunye ne-methylergonovine (Methergine); lomitapide (Juxtapid); I-lovastatin (Altoprev); ilurasidone (iLatuda); i-midazolam ethathwe ngomlomo (iVersed); ipimozide (Orap); I-ranolazine (iRanexa); irifampin (Rimactane, Rifadin, eRifamate, eRifater); sildenafil (kuphela uphawu lweRevatio olusetyenziselwa isifo semiphunga); isimvastatin (iZocor, eVytorin); I-wort yaseSt. okanye i-triazolam (Halcion). Ugqirha wakho uyakukuxelela ukuba ungathathi i-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir ukuba uthatha elinye okanye ngaphezulu kula mayeza.
• xelela ugqirha wakho kunye nosokhemesti ukuba loluphi olunye amayeza amiselweyo nolungabhaliswanga, iivithamini kunye nezongezelelo zesondlo ozithathayo. Qiniseka ukuba ukhankanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo: ii-anticoagulants ('igazi elincinci') njenge-warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven) kunye ne-rivaroxaban powder (Xarelto); izinto zokubulala ezinje nge-itraconazole (Onmel, Sporanox), isavuconazonium (Cresemba), ketoconazole (Nizoral), kunye ne-voriconazole (Vfend); atovaquone (Mepron, eMalarone); ibhediquiline (Sirturo); beta-blocker; i-bosentan (iTracleer); bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban, abanye); iicalcium-channel blocker ezinje ngefelodipine, nicardipine (Cardene), kunye nifedipine (Adalat, Afeditab CR, Procardia); ukunciphisa amayeza e-cholesterol njenge-atorvastatin (Lipitor, eCaduet), kunye ne-rosuvastatin (Crestor); i-clarithromycin (i-Biaxin, kwi-Prevpac); idigoxin (Lanoxin); elagolix (Orilissa); fentanyl (Actiq, Duragesic, Onsolis, abanye); fosamprenavir (iLexiva); amayeza athile omhlaza afana ne-abemaciclib (Verzenio), dasatinib (Sprycel), encorafenib (Braftovi), ibrutinib (Imbruvica), ivosidenib (Tibsovo), neratinib (Nerlynx), nilotinib (Tasigna), venetoclax (Venclextine), vin ; amayeza athile okubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga afana ne-amiodarone (Cordarone, Nexterone, Pacerone), bepridil (engasafumaneki e-US; iVascor), i-lidocaine (iLidoderm; kwiXylocaine ene-Epinephrine), kunye nequinidine (eNuedexta); amayeza athile kwintsholongwane ye-hepatitis C (HCV) enjenge-boceprevir (iVictrelis; ayisasebenzi e-U.S); glecaprevir kunye nepibrentasvir (Mavyret); simeprevir (ayisafumaneki e-U.S. Olysio); isofosbuvir, velpatasvir, kunye ne-voxilaprevir (Sovaldi, Epclusa, Vosevi); kunye neparitaprevir, ritonavir, ombitasvir, kunye / okanye i-dasabuvir (Viekira Pak); amayeza athile okubanjwa njenge-carbamazepine (i-Equetro, iTegretol, iTeril, abanye), lamotrigine (Lamictal), phenobarbital, phenytoin (Dilantin, Phenytek), kunye ne-valproate; amayeza athintela amajoni omzimba anje ngecyclosporine (Gengraf, Neoral, Sandimmune), sirolimus (Rapamune), kunye netacrolimus (Astagraf, Prograf); imethadone (iDolophine, iMethadose); ngomlomo okanye nge-inhaled steroids njenge-betamethasone, budesonide (Pulmicort), ciclesonide (Alvesco, Omnaris), dexamethasone, fluticasone (Flonase, Flovent, e-Advair), methylprednisolone (Medrol), mometasone (eDulera). i-prednisone (iRayos), kunye ne-triamcinolone; amanye amayeza antiviral anje nge-abacavir (iZiagen, e-Epzicom, eTrizivir, ezinye); atazanavir (Reyataz, e-Evotaz), delavirdine (Rescriptor), efavirenz (Sustiva, eAtripla), indinavir (Crixivan), maraviroc (Selzentry), nelfinavir (Viracept), nevirapine (Viramune), ritonavir (Norvir, Kalevir, (IViread, eAtripla, eTruvada), tipranavir (Aptivus), saquinavir (Invirase), kunye ne-zidovudine (Retrovir, eCombivir, eTrizivir); iquetiapine (iSeroquel); irifabutin (Mycobutin); isalmeterol (iSerevent, eAdvair); iSildenafil (Viagra); tadalafil (Adcirca, Cialis); ithenda kunye nevardenafil (Levitra). Ukuba uthatha isisombululo somlomo, xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba uthatha i-disulfiram (Antabuse) okanye i-metronidazole (i-Flagyl, e-Nuvessa, e-Vandazole). Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukutshintsha amayeza akho okanye akubeke esweni ngononophelo kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
• ukuba uthatha i-didanosine, yithathe iyure e-1 ngaphambi okanye kwiiyure ezi-2 emva kokuba uthathe isisombululo se-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir ngokutya. Ukuba uthatha iipilisi ze-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir, ungazithatha ungatyiwa sisisu kwangaxeshanye uthatha i-didanosine.
• xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ukhe wanethuba elide le-QT (ingxaki yentliziyo enqabileyo enokubangela ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga, ukubetha isiqaqa, okanye ukufa ngesiquphe), ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga, inqanaba eliphantsi le-potassium egazini i-triglycerides (amanqatha) egazini, i-pancreatitis (ukudumba kwepancreas), okanye isifo sentliziyo okanye sesibindi.
• Kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba i-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir inokunciphisa ukusebenza kwezicwangcisi zehomoni (iipilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa, iipatches, imisesane okanye inaliti). Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokusebenzisa enye indlela yolawulo lokuzalwa.
• xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ukhulelwe, cwangcisa ukukhulelwa, okanye uncancisa. Ukuba ukhulelwa ngelixa uthatha i-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir, tsalela ugqirha wakho. Akufanelanga ukuncancisa xa wosulelwe yi-HIV okanye ukuba uthatha i-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir.
• Kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba izithako ezithile kwisisombululo se-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir zinokubangela iziphumo ezibi kakhulu nezisongela ubomi kwiintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa. I-Lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir isisombululo somlomo akufuneki ukuba zinikwe abantwana abasisigxina abangaphantsi kweentsuku ezili-14 ubudala okanye kwiintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha elingaphantsi kweentsuku ezili-14 zidlulileyo kumhla wazo wokuqala, ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha ucinga ukuba kukho isizathu esihle sokuba umntwana afumane iyeza ngokuchanekileyo emva kokuzalwa. Ukuba ugqirha womntwana wakho ukhetha ukunika usana lwakho i-lopinavir kunye nesisombululo se-ritonavir kwangoko emva kokuzalwa, umntwana wakho uya kujongwa ngononophelo ngeempawu zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu. Biza ugqirha womntwana wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba umntwana wakho ulele kakhulu okanye uneenguqu ekuphefumleni ngexesha lokunyanga kwakhe nge-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir solution solution.
• Kuya kufuneka wazi ukuba amanqatha omzimba wakho anganyuka okanye afudukele kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wakho, ezinje ngomqolo wangasentla, intamo (’’ inyathi ’), amabele, kunye nesisu sakho. Ungabona ukulahleka kwamafutha omzimba ebusweni bakho, kwimilenze nakwiingalo.
• Kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba unokufumana i-hyperglycemia (inyuka kwiswekile esegazini lakho) ngelixa uthatha eli yeza, nokuba awukabinaso isifo seswekile. Xelela ugqirha wakho kwangoko ukuba unayo kwezi mpawu zilandelayo ngelixa uthatha i-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir: ukunxanwa okugqithisileyo, ukuchama rhoqo, indlala egqithisileyo, ukungaboni kakuhle, okanye ubuthathaka. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubiza ugqirha wakho nje ukuba ube nazo naziphi na ezi mpawu, kuba iswekile ephezulu yegazi enganyangekiyo inokubangela imeko embi ebizwa ngokuba yi ketoacidosis. I-Ketoacidosis inokuba sengozini yobomi ukuba ayinyangwa kwangoko. Iimpawu zeketoacidosis zibandakanya: umlomo owomileyo, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha, ukuphefumla kancinci, umphefumlo onuka iziqhamo, kunye nokwehla kwengqondo.
• Kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba ngelixa uthatha amayeza ukunyanga usulelo lwe-HIV, amajoni akho omzimba angomelela kwaye aqale ukulwa nezinye izifo ezazisele zisemzimbeni wakho. Oku kunokubangela ukuba ube neempawu zolu sulelo. Ukuba uneempawu ezintsha okanye eziba mandundu emva kokuqala unyango nge-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir, qiniseka ukuxelela ugqirha wakho.

Ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha wakho akuxelele ngenye indlela, qhubeka nokutya okuqhelekileyo.

Thatha idosi ephosiweyo ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uyikhumbule. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba phantse lixesha ledosi elandelayo, tsiba idosi ephosiweyo kwaye uqhubeke neshedyuli yakho yethamo eqhelekileyo. Sukuthatha idosi ephindwe kabini ukwenza eyilahlekileyo.

I-Lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba ezinye zeempawu zinzima okanye azihambi:

• ubuthathaka
• urhudo
• irhasi
• isilungulela
• ukuhla ukusinda
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ubunzima bokulala okanye ukulala
• iintlungu zemisipha
• ukuba ndindisholo, ukutshisa, okanye ukubetha ezandleni okanye ezinyaweni
• isisu esibuhlungu, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokugabha

Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuba nzulu. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, tsalela umnxeba kwangoko okanye ufumane unyango olungxamisekileyo:

• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• isisu esibuhlungu
• ukudinwa kakhulu
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• iintlungu kwinxalenye ephezulu yesisu
• mthubi ulusu okanye amehlo
• ukurhawuzelela ulusu
• isiyezi
• intloko elula
• isiqaqa
• ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga
• amadyungudyungu
• irhashalala

I-Lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir inokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Biza ugqirha wakho ukuba unengxaki engaqhelekanga ngelixa uthatha eli yeza.

Ukuba uhlangabezana neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu, wena okanye ugqirha wakho ungathumela ingxelo kwiNkqubo yoKutya kunye nezoLawulo (i-FDA) yeMedWatch yeNkqubo yokuNgxelo ngezeMeko eziGwenxa kwi-Intanethi (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) okanye ngomnxeba ( 1-800-332-1088).

Gcina eli yeza kwisikhongozeli lifikile, livalekile, kwaye alifumaneki ebantwaneni. Gcina iipilisi kubushushu begumbi kwaye uzikhusele kubumanzi obuninzi. Kungcono ukugcina iipilisi kwisitya abafike ngaso; ukuba kufuneka uzikhuphe kwisikhongozeli, kuya kufuneka uzisebenzise zingaphelanga iiveki ezimbini. Ungasigcina isisombululo somlomo kwifriji kude kube ngumhla wokuphelelwa yisikhathi eprintwe kwileyibhile, okanye ungayigcina kubushushu begumbi ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezimbini.

Kubalulekile ukugcina onke amayeza ngaphandle kwamehlo kunye nokufikelela kwabantwana njengezikhongozeli ezininzi (ezinje ngeeveki zeepilisi zeveki kunye nezo zamehlo, iikhrim, iipatches, kunye ne-inhalers) azinyangeki kwaye abantwana abancinci banokuzivula ngokulula. Ukukhusela abantwana abancinci kwiityhefu, soloko ukhiya iminqwazi yokhuseleko kwaye ubeke amayeza kwindawo ekhuselekileyo-leyo iphakame kwaye iphakame kwaye ingabonakali kubo kwaye ifikelele kuyo. http://www.upandaway.org

Amayeza angafunekiyo kufuneka achithwe ngeendlela ezizodwa zokuqinisekisa ukuba izilwanyana zasekhaya, abantwana kunye nabanye abantu abanakuzisebenzisa. Nangona kunjalo, akufuneki uligungxule eli yeza kwindlu yangasese. Endaweni yoko, eyona ndlela yokulahla amayeza akho yinkqubo yokubuyisa amayeza. Thetha kumayeza wakho okanye unxibelelane nesebe lakho lenkunkuma / lokurisayikilisha ukuze ufunde malunga neenkqubo zokubuyisa kwindawo ohlala kuyo. Jonga i-FDA's Safe Disposal of Medicines website (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) ngolwazi oluthe kratya ukuba awunakho ukufikelela kwinkqubo yokubuyisa.

Kwimeko yokugqithisa, fowunela umnxeba wolawulo lwetyhefu kwi-1-800-222-1222. Ulwazi lukwafumaneka kwi-Intanethi kwi-https: //www.poisonhelp.org/help. Ukuba ixhoba liye lawa, laxhuzula, linengxaki yokuphefumla, okanye alikwazi ukuvuswa, ngoko nangoko lifowunele iinkonzo zongxamiseko ngo-911.

Kubaluleke ngakumbi ukufumana uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko ukuba umntwana usele idosi engaphezulu kwesiqhelo. Isisombululo siqulathe isixa esikhulu sotywala kunye nezinye izinto ezinokuba yingozi emntwaneni.

Gcina lonke ixesha lokudibana nogqirha wakho kunye nelabhoratri. Ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela iimvavanyo ezithile zelebhu ukujonga impendulo yomzimba wakho kwi-lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir.

Musa ukuvumela nabani na ukuba athathe amayeza akho. Buza usokhemesti wakho nayiphi na imibuzo onayo malunga nokuzalisa amayeza akho.

Kubalulekile ukuba ugcine uluhlu olubhaliweyo lwawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo amayeza owasebenzisayo, kunye nezinye iimveliso ezinjengeevithamini, iiminerali, okanye ezinye izongezo zokutya. Kuya kufuneka uze nolu luhlu qho xa undwendwela ugqirha okanye ungeniswe esibhedlele. Kukwabalulekile ulwazi ukuba uphathe nawe xa kukho imeko kaxakeka.

• I-Kaletra^® (Equlathe iLopinavir, iRitonavir)