Ukuqonda okuPhucukileyo (iSigaba 4) iCancer Prostate

Umxholo

• Yintoni umhlaza wedlala lobudoda?
• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni womhlaza wedlala lobudoda?
• Ufunyanwa njani umhlaza wedlala lobudoda?
• Luthini unyango lomhlaza wedlala lobudoda?
• Unyango lweHormone
• Imitha
• Unyango ngamayeza
• Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy
• Ugqirha
• Yintoni imbono?
• Into onokuyenza

Yintoni umhlaza wedlala lobudoda?

Umhlaza wedlala lobudoda ngumhlaza oqala kwilungu lobudoda. Umhlaza webala wesifo esingaxutywanga wenzeka xa sele usasazekile, okanye usasazeka ngemastas, ukusuka kwiprostate ukuya kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.

Umhlaza usasazeka xa iiseli zisaphuka kwithumba lokuqala zize zihlasele izicwili ezikufutshane. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-metastasis yendawo. Umhlaza unokusasazeka ngqo kwizicwili ezikufuphi okanye ngenkqubo ye-lymphatic ukuya kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba. Xa oku kusenzeka, ibizwa ngokuba "sisifo se-metastatic" okanye "umhlaza wedlala lobudoda kunye ne-metastasis ukuya" kwilungu elithile lomzimba okanye kwinkqubo yelungu.

Amathumba amatsha anokukhula nakweliphi na ilungu, kodwa umhlaza wedlala lobudoda unokusasazeka kuwo:

• ndlala adrenal
• amathambo
• isibindi
• imiphunga

Inqanaba 4 Umhlaza wesibeletho wenzeka xa umhlaza wedlala lobudoda sele usasazekile waya kwizitho ezikude okanye izicwili ngexesha lokuchongwa. Uninzi lwexesha, oogqirha bafumanisa umhlaza wedlala lobudoda kwinqanaba lokuqala. Ngokuqhelekileyo ngumhlaza okhula kancinci, kodwa unganwenwa okanye ungabuya, okanye uphinde, emva konyango.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

Xa umhlaza uvalelwe kwidlala lobudoda, uninzi lwamadoda alunazimpawu. Abanye banengxaki yokuchama okanye babone igazi kumchamo wabo.

Umhlaza wemetastatic ungadala iimpawu ngokubanzi ezinje:

• ubuthathaka
• ukudinwa
• ukuhla ukusinda

Ezinye iimpawu zesifo somhlaza esibuhlungu se-Prostate zixhomekeke apho sele usasazekile kwaye nokuba lukhulu kangakanani na amathumba:

• Umhlaza oye wadibana namathambo unokukhokelela kwintlungu yethambo kunye nokwaphuka.
• Umhlaza osasazeke esibindini unokubangela ukudumba kwesisu okanye utyheli kolusu namehlo, awaziwa njenge-jaundice.
• Amathumba emiphungeni angabangela ukuphefumla okufutshane okanye iintlungu zesifuba.
• Engqondweni, umhlaza unokubangela intloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi kunye nokuxhuzula.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni womhlaza wedlala lobudoda?

Oyena nobangela womhlaza wedlala lobudoda awucaci. Umngcipheko wokukhula komhlaza othile uyanda emva kokuba ufike kwiminyaka engama-50.

Amaqela athile kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba aphuhlise iindlela ezinobundlobongela zomhlaza wesibeletho, kubandakanya amadoda ase-Afrika-aseMelika kunye namadoda athwala utshintsho oluthile oluziwe njenge-BRCA1, i-BRCA2, kunye ne-HOXB13.

Uninzi lwamadoda anomhlaza wedlala lobudoda awusoloko unembali yosapho kwesi sifo. Kodwa ukuba notata okanye umzalwana onomdlavuza wesibeletho ngaphezu kokuphindaphinda umngcipheko wakho.

Ufunyanwa njani umhlaza wedlala lobudoda?

Ukuba ngaphambili ubukhe wafunyaniswa unomhlaza wedlala lobudoda, qiniseka ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unempawu ezintsha, nokuba ulugqibile unyango.

Ukufumanisa ukuba umhlaza wedlala lobudoda ubuyile okanye sele usasazekile, ugqirha wakho uya kuthi aodole iimvavanyo zokucinga, ezinokubandakanya:

• X-reyi
• Ukuvavanywa kweCT
• Ukuskena iMRI
• Ukujonga i-PET
• ukujonga amathambo

Ngokuqinisekileyo ngekhe uzifune zonke ezi mvavanyo. Ugqirha wakho uya kukhetha iimvavanyo ngokusekwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye novavanyo lomzimba.

Ukuba nayiphi na imifanekiso ibonisa ukungahambi kakuhle, oko akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza. Uvavanyo olongezelelweyo lunokuba yimfuneko. Ukuba bafumana ubunzima, ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela i-biopsy.

Kwi-biopsy, ugqirha wakho uya kusebenzisa inaliti ukususa iisampulu kwindawo ekrokrisayo. Ugqirha wezifo uya kuthi emva koko ahlalutye iiseli ezisusiweyo phantsi kwemicroscope ukubona ukuba banomhlaza. Ugqirha wezifo unokuchonga nokuba unendlela enobundlongondlongo yomhlaza webele.

Luthini unyango lomhlaza wedlala lobudoda?

Nokuba umhlaza wamadlala usasazeka phi, usaphathwa njengomhlaza webala. Kunzima ukunyanga xa kufikelela kwinqanaba eliphambili.

Unyango lomhlaza webele wedlala phambili lubandakanya unyango ekujoliswe kulo kunye nenkqubo. Uninzi lwamadoda ludinga indibaniselwano yonyango kwaye kuya kufuneka luhlengahlengiswe amaxesha ngamaxesha.

Unyango lweHormone

Unyango lweHormone lucinezela iihomoni zesilisa ezinceda ukuba iiseli zomhlaza wedlala lendlala zikhule. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa nayiphi na kwezi zonyango zonyango zilandelayo:

• I-Orchiectomy yinkqubo yotyando yokususa amasende, kulapho ke kwenziwa khona iihomoni.
• I-Luteinizing hormone-ekhulula ii-agonists ziziyobisi ezinciphisa ukuveliswa kwe testosterone kumatyhalarha. Unokuwafumana la mayeza ngenaliti okanye ngokufakwa ngaphakathi kolusu lwakho.
• Abachasi be-LHRH ngamachiza awathoba ngokukhawuleza amanqanaba e testosterone. Unokufumana la machiza ngenaliti yenyanga nganye phantsi kolusu lwakho.
• I-CYP17 inhibitors kunye ne-anti-androgens ziyafumaneka njengeepilisi onokuthi uzithathe yonke imihla.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lwamayeza e-hormone kubandakanya ukusabela kwendawo yenaliti, ukungasebenzi ngokwesondo, kunye ne-anemia.

Imitha

Kwimitha ye-beam yangaphandle, imitha ye-radiation ijolise kwi-Prostate gland okanye kwenye indawo yomzimba. Inokukunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu xa umhlaza wedlala lobudoda usasazekile waya emathanjeni. Ukukhathala kuyimpembelelo yecala eliqhelekileyo.

Kwimitha yangaphakathi, ugqirha wakho uya kufaka imbewu encinci kwi-prostate yakho. Imbewu ikhupha idosi esisigxina okanye yedosi yethutyana ephezulu yemitha. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho zibandakanya ukungasebenzi ngokwesondo, ubunzima bokuchama, kunye neengxaki zamathumbu.

Unyango ngamayeza

I-Chemotherapy ibulala iiseli zomhlaza emzimbeni wonke. Inganciphisa amathumba esele ikho kwaye icothe okanye ithintele ukukhula kwamathumba amatsha. Iziphumo zibandakanya isicaphucaphu, ukulahleka kwesidlo, kunye nokwehla kobunzima.

Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy

I-Sipuleucel-T (iProvenge) sisixhobo sokugonya esisetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza wedlala lesinyi, ingakumbi ukuba awuphenduli kunyango lwehomoni.

Iyeza lenziwa kusetyenziswa iiseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi. Uyifumana ngaphakathi ngaphakathi ngeedosi ezintathu zahlulwe iiveki ezimbini ngokwahlukana. Iziphumo ezinokubandakanya:

• isicaphucaphu
• intloko ebuhlungu
• umqolo obuhlungu
• intlungu edibeneyo

Ugqirha

Ngelixa olunye utyando lokususa amathumba kunokuba yinto onokukhetha kuyo, ugqirha wakho akunakufane ukuba ayicebise ngomhlaza wamadlala osele unwenwele kwiindawo ezininzi.

Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ezinye zezo nyango zichaphazela umgangatho wobomi bakho. Unokuphinda ubuze malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi yomhlaza webele. Ezi zilingo zibandakanya unyango olutsha olungasetyenziswayo.

Ukongeza kunyango lomhlaza, ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukubonelela ngezisombululo zeempawu ezithile ezinjengeentlungu, ukudinwa, kunye neengxaki zokuchama.

Yintoni imbono?

Akukho lunyango lufumanekayo kwinqanaba 4 lomhlaza webele. Iqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo liza kusebenza nawe ukunceda ukulawula umhlaza ixesha elide ngelixa ugcina umgangatho wobomi.

Umbono wakho uya kuxhomekeka kwindlela osasazeka ngayo umhlaza kunye nendlela osabela ngayo kunyango.

Ngonyango, ungaphila iminyaka emininzi ngomhlaza wesifo seprostate.

Into onokuyenza

Kubalulekile ukuba ufunde konke onokukufunda malunga nomhlaza wedlala lobudoda ukuze uthathe izigqibo ezifanelekileyo. Vuleka noogqirha bakho kunye nabanye kwiqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo. Veza inkxalabo yakho kwaye uzive ukhululekile ukuzithethelela kunye nomgangatho wobomi. Fumana olunye uluvo lonyango ukuba uziva luyimfuneko.

Olunye unyango olongezelelekileyo lunokuba luncedo ekujonganeni nomhlaza ohambele phambili. Umzekelo:

• tai chi, yoga, okanye olunye unyango lwentshukumo
• Unyango lomculo
• Ukucamngca, ukuphefumla, okanye ezinye iindlela zokuphumla
• ukuphulula

Iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zinokukunceda ngayo yonke into ukusuka kwindawo yokuhlala ngelixa ufumana unyango lokufumana uncedo malunga nendlu. Ukunxibelelana nabantu abakwi-intanethi okanye ngokwabantu yindlela elungileyo yokwabelana ngolwazi kunye nokuboleka inkxaso.