Yintoni i-alkalosis ye-metabolic kwaye yintoni enokubangela

Umxholo

• Zintoni izizathu
• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Yintoni imbuyekezo?
• Uqinisekisa njani
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-alkalosis ye-Metabolic yenzeka xa i-pH yegazi iba sisiseko ngakumbi kunokuba kufanele, oko kukuthi, xa ingaphezulu kwe-7.45, ethi ivele kwiimeko ezinjengokugabha, ukusetyenziswa kwe-diuretics okanye ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwe-bicarbonate, umzekelo.

Olu lutshintsho olukhulu, njengoko kunokubangela ukungalingani kwezinye ii-electrolyte zegazi, ezinje ngecalcium kunye ne potassium kwaye zibangele iimpawu ezinje ngobuthathaka, intloko ebuhlungu, ukutshintsha kwemisipha, ukuxhuzula okanye isifo sentliziyo.

Kubalulekile ukuba umzimba ugcine i-pH yayo efanelekileyo, ekufuneka ibe phakathi kwe-7.35 kunye ne-7.45, ukuze imetabolism yomzimba isebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Enye imeko exhalabisayo enokuvela kuxa i-pH ingaphantsi kwe-7.35, kunye ne-metabolic acidosis. Fumanisa ukuba yintoni i-metabolic acidosis kwaye yintoni ebangela oko.

Zintoni izizathu

Ngokubanzi, i-alkalosis ye-metabolic yenzeka ngenxa yokulahleka kwe-H + ion egazini okanye ukuqokelelwa kwesodium bicarbonate, eyenza umzimba ube sisiseko. Ezinye zeemeko eziphambili ezibangela olu tshintsho zezi:

• Ukugabha kakhulu, imeko ebangela ilahleko yehydrochloric acid esiswini;
• Ukuhlamba okanye ukufuna isisu esibhedlele;
• Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi okanye ukutya kwealkali, kunye nesodium bicarbonate;
• Ndisebenzisa amayeza okusila, njengeFurosemide okanye iHydrochlorothiazide;
• Ukungabikho kwe potassium kunye nemagnesium egazini;
• Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe laxatives;
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-antibiotics ezithile, ezinjengePenicillin okanye iCarbenicillin, umzekelo;
• Izifo zezintso, ezinje ngeBartter's Syndrome okanye iGitelman's Syndrome.

Ukongeza kwi-alkalosis ye-metabolic, esinye isizathu sokuba i-pH yegazi ihlale njenge-pH esisiseko yi-alkalosis yokuphefumla, ebangelwa kukungabikho kwe-carbon dioxide (CO2) egazini, ibangele ukuba ibe ne-asidi encinci kunesiqhelo, kwaye iyenzeka kwiimeko njengokuphefumla okukhawulezileyo kunye nokunzulu. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokuba yintoni, oonobangela kunye neempawu zokuphefumla kwealkalosis.

Iimpawu eziphambili

I-Metabolic alkalosis ayisoloko ibangela iimpawu kwaye, kwiimeko ezininzi, ziimpawu zesifo ezibangela i-alkalosis. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu ezinje ngokuqaqanjelwa yimisipha, ubuthathaka, intloko ebuhlungu, ukudideka engqondweni, isiyezi kunye nokuxhuzula kunokuvela, ikakhulu okubangelwa lutshintsho kwiielectrolyte ezinje nge potassium, calcium kunye nesodium.

Yintoni imbuyekezo?

Ngokubanzi, xa i-pH yegazi itshintsha, umzimba ngokwawo uzama ukulungisa le meko, njengendlela yokuphepha iingxaki.

Imbuyekezo ye-alkalosis ye-metabolic yenzeka ikakhulu ngemiphunga, eqala ukuphefumla kancinci ukugcina i-carbon dioxide (CO2) kunye nokunyusa i-asidi yegazi.

Izintso zikwazama ukubuyekeza, ngotshintsho ekufunxeni okanye ekukhutsheni izinto kumchamo, ukuzama ukuphelisa i-bicarbonate engaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iinguqu zinokuvela kunye, egazini okanye kwizintso, njengokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okanye ukulahleka kwe-potassium, umzekelo, ngakumbi kubantu abagula kakhulu, okuthintela amandla omzimba ukulungisa ezi nguqu.

Uqinisekisa njani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-alkalosis ye-metabolic kwenziwa ngovavanyo olulinganisa i-pH yegazi, kwaye kubalulekile ukuvavanya ukuba amanqanaba e-bicarbonate, icarbon dioxide kunye nee-electrolyte ezithile egazini.

Ugqirha uya kwenza uvavanyo lweklinikhi ukuzama ukufumanisa unobangela. Ukongeza, idosi ye-chlorine kunye ne-potassium kumchamo kunokunceda ukucacisa ubukho beenguqu zezintso kuluhlu lwee-electrolyte.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Ukunyanga i-alkalosis ye-metabolic, ekuqaleni, kunyanzelekile ukuba inyange unobangela wayo, nokuba sisifo sesisu okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile, umzekelo. Kwezinye iimeko, i-hydration nge-vein nge-saline iyimfuneko.

I-Acetazolamide lunyango olunokusetyenziselwa ukunceda ukuphelisa i-bicarbonate kumchamo kwiimeko ezixhalabisayo, nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, kunokuba yimfuneko ukufaka ii-asidi ngqo emthanjeni okanye ukwenza ukuhluza igazi nge-hemodialysis.