Isifo sombefu

Umxholo

• Isishwankathelo
• Yintoni i-asthma?
• Yintoni ebangela isifuba?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni wesifuba?
• Ziintoni iimpawu zesifuba?
• Isifo sombefu sifunyaniswa njani?
• Luthini unyango lwesifuba?

Isishwankathelo

Yintoni i-asthma?

Isifo sombefu sisifo esinganyangekiyo (sexesha elide) semiphunga. Ichaphazela iindlela zakho zomoya, iityhubhu ezihambisa umoya ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwemiphunga yakho. Xa une-asthma, iindlela zakho zomoya zinokutsha kwaye zinciphise. Oku kunokubangela ukuvutha, ukukhwehlela, kunye nokuqina esifubeni sakho. Xa ezi zimpawu ziba mandundu kunesiqhelo, kuthiwa kukuhlaselwa sisifuba okanye ukuvutha.

Yintoni ebangela isifuba?

Oyena nobangela wesifuba awaziwa. Imfuza kunye nokusingqongileyo kunokwenzeka ukuba kudlale indima kulowo ufumana isifo sombefu.

Uhlaselo lwesifo sombefu lunokwenzeka xa uthe wachaphazeleka kwisifo sombefu. I-asthma trigger yinto enokuthi isete okanye yenze mandundu iimpawu zakho zesifuba. Izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokubangela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesifuba:

• Isifuba se-asthma esibangelwa kukungalungeli komzimba (allergic asthma) sibangelwa zizinto ezaliwa ngabantu Izilwanyana ezingenayo i-Allergener zizinto ezibangela ukusabela okungafunekiyo. Banokubandakanya
  • Uthuli
  • Umngundo
  • Izilwanyana zasekhaya
  • Umungu osuka engceni, emithini nakukhula
  • Inkunkuma evela kwizitshabalalisi ezifana namaphela kunye neempuku
• Isifuba se-asthma esibangelwa yi-Nonallergic sibangelwa zizinto ezingazenziyo izinto ezifana nokwaliwa
  • Ukuphefumla emoyeni obandayo
  • Amayeza athile
  • Iikhemikhali zasekhaya
  • Usulelo olufana nokubanda kunye nomkhuhlane
  • Ungcoliseko lomoya lwangaphandle
  • Umsi wecuba
• Isifo sombefu wasemsebenzini senziwa kukuphefumla ngemichiza okanye ngothuli olusemsebenzini
• Isifo sombefu esikhuthazwa ngumzimba senzeka ngexesha lomthambo, ngakumbi xa umoya womile

Iziphumo zesifo sombefu zinokwahluka kumntu ngamnye kwaye zinokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni wesifuba?

Isifo sombefu sichaphazela abantu bayo yonke iminyaka, kodwa sihlala siqala ebuntwaneni. Izinto ezithile zinokuphakamisa umngcipheko wokuba nesifuba:

• Ukuvezwa kukutshaya xa umama wakho ekhulelwe okanye xa ungumntwana omncinci
• Ukuvezwa kwezinto ezithile emsebenzini, ezinje ngeekhemikhali ezicaphukisayo okanye uthuli lweshishini
• Imfuza kunye nembali yosapho. Usengozini yokuba nombefu ukuba omnye wabazali bakho unayo, ngakumbi ukuba ngumama wakho.
• Uhlanga okanye ubuhlanga. Abantu abaMnyama nabaseAfrika baseMelika nabasePuerto Ricans basemngciphekweni omkhulu wesifo sombefu kunabantu bezinye iintlanga okanye ubuhlanga.
• Ukuba nezinye iimeko zonyango ezifana nokwaliwa kunye nokutyeba kakhulu
• Rhoqo uneentsholongwane zokuphefumla kwintsholongwane njengomntwana omncinci
• Ngesondo. Kubantwana, i-asthma ixhaphake kakhulu kubafana. Kulutsha nakubantu abadala, kuxhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini.

Ziintoni iimpawu zesifuba?

Iimpawu zesifo sombefu zibandakanya

• Ukuqina kwesifuba
• Ukukhohlela, ingakumbi ebusuku okanye ekuseni
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Ukubetha, okubangela isandi sokubetha impempe xa uphuma

Ezi mpawu zinokubakho ukusuka kubumnene ukuya kubunzima. Unokuba nazo yonke imihla okanye kube kanye ngexesha.

Xa uhlaselwa sisifuba, iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mbi ngakumbi. Uhlaselo lunokuza ngokuthe chu okanye ngequbuliso. Ngamanye amaxesha banokusongela ubomi. Zixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abane-asthma ebukhali. Ukuba uhlaselwa sisifo sombefu, unokufuna utshintsho kunyango lwakho.

Isifo sombefu sifunyaniswa njani?

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokusebenzisa izixhobo ezininzi ukufumanisa isifo sombefu:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba
• Imbali yezonyango
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga, kubandakanya i-spirometry, ukuvavanya ukuba isebenza njani imiphunga
• Uvavanyo lokulinganisa indlela omoya wakho osabela ngayo kubhengezo oluthile. Ngethuba lovavanyo, uphefumlela ukungafani okwahlukileyo kweziyobisi okanye amayeza anokuqinisa izihlunu kwiindlela zakho zomoya. I-Spirometry yenziwa ngaphambi nasemva kovavanyo.
• Ukuvavanywa okuphezulu kokuphuma kokuphuma (PEF) ukulinganisa ukuba ungakukhawulezisa njani ukukhupha umoya usebenzisa iinzame eziphezulu
• Uvavanyo lwe-nitric oxide ekhutshiweyo (i-FeNO) ye-Fractional yokulinganisa amanqanaba e-nitric oxide xa uphefumla. Amanqanaba aphezulu e-nitric oxide anokuthetha ukuba imiphunga yakho iyavutha.
• Isikhumba somzimba okanye uvavanyo lwegazi, ukuba unembali yokungabikho komzimba. Olu vavanyo lukhangela ukuba zeziphi i-allergen ezibangela impendulo kwi-immune system yakho.

Luthini unyango lwesifuba?

Ukuba une-asthma, uya kusebenza nomnikezeli wakho wezempilo ukwenza isicwangciso sonyango. Esi sicwangciso siza kubandakanya iindlela zokulawula iimpawu zakho zesifuba nokukhusela uhlaselo lwesifuba. Iya kubandakanya

• Amaqhinga okuphepha okubangela. Umzekelo, ukuba umsi wecuba yinto yakho, akufuneki utshaye okanye uvumele abanye abantu batshaye ekhayeni lakho okanye emotweni.
• Amayeza exesha elifutshane, ekwabizwa ngokuba ngamayeza oncedo olukhawulezayo. Banceda ukukhusela iimpawu okanye ukunciphisa iimpawu ngexesha lokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu. Babandakanya inhaler yokuhamba nayo ngalo lonke ixesha. Ingabandakanya ezinye iintlobo zamayeza asebenza ngokukhawuleza ukukunceda uvule umoya wakho.
• Lawula amayeza. Ubathatha yonke imihla ukunceda ukukhusela iimpawu. Basebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala komoya kunye nokuthintela ukuhla kweendlela zomoya.

Ukuba uhlaselwa ngokuqatha kwaye amayeza ethuba okwexeshana awasebenzi, uyakufuna ukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo.

Umboneleli wakho unokuhlengahlengisa unyango lwakho de kube kulawulwa iimpawu zesifuba.

Ngamanye amaxesha i-asthma iba nzima kwaye ayinakulawulwa ngezinye iindlela zonyango. Ukuba ungumntu omdala one-asthma engalawulwayo, kwezinye iimeko umboneleli wakho unokucebisa nge-bronchial thermoplasty. Le yinkqubo esebenzisa ubushushu ukunciphisa umsipha ogudileyo emiphungeni. Ukunciphisa umsipha kunciphisa amandla akho omoya wokuqinisa kwaye ikuvumela ukuba uphefumle ngokulula. Inkqubo inobungozi, ngoko kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngayo nomboneleli wakho.

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