Yintoni ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yokuphicotha (APD)?

Umxholo

• Yintoni ukuphazamiseka kokuphicothwa?
• Zithini iimpawu zengxaki yokuphicothwa kweendlebe?
• Isifo sokuphicothwa kweengxelo sichongwa njani?
• Inkqubo yeendlela ezininzi
• Iimvavanyo zovavanyo
• Zithini izizathu zovavanyo lokuphicothwa kweendlebe?
• Inyangwa njani ingxaki yokuqhutywa kokuphicothwa?
• Uqeqesho lokuphicothwa
• Izicwangciso zembuyekezo
• Utshintsho kwimeko-bume yakho
• I-APD vs. idyslexia
• I-APD vs. i-Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
• Iindlela zokuthatha eziphambili

Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yokuphicotha (APD) yimeko yokuva apho ingqondo yakho inengxaki yokulungisa izandi. Oku kunokuchaphazela indlela oyiqonda ngayo intetho kunye nezinye izandi kwindawo okuyo. Umzekelo, umbuzo othi, "Umbala onjani usofa?" unokuviwa kusithiwa "Unjani umbala wenkomo?"

Nangona i-APD inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka, iimpawu zihlala ziqala ebuntwaneni. Umntwana unokubonakala ngathi uva "ngesiqhelo" xa enyanisweni, kunzima ekutolikeni nasekusebenziseni izandi ngokuchanekileyo.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufumane okungakumbi malunga ne-APD, iimpawu zayo, kunye nokuba ifunyaniswa njani kwaye inyangwa njani.

Yintoni ukuphazamiseka kokuphicothwa?

Ukuva yinkqubo entsonkothileyo. Amaza esandi avela kwindalo esingqongileyo angena ezindlebeni zethu apho aguqulwa abe kukungcangcazela kwindlebe ephakathi.

Xa ukungcangcazela kufikelela kwindlebe yangaphakathi, iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezahlukeneyo zenza umqondiso wombane ohamba ngendlela yevavo eya kwingqondo. Engqondweni, lo mqondiso uyacazululwa kwaye uqhubekeke ukuwuguqula ube sisandi onokusiqonda.

Abantu abane-APD banengxaki ngale nyathelo lokuqhubekeka. Ngenxa yoku, banengxaki yokuqonda kunye nokuphendula izandi kwindawo yabo.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-APD yingxaki yokuva.

Ayisosiphumo sezinye iimeko ezinokuchaphazela ukuqonda okanye ingqalelo, njenge-autism spectrum disorder (ASD) okanye ukunqongophala kwengqwalaselo yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo (ADHD).

Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, i-APD inokwenzeka kunye nezi meko.

Zithini iimpawu zengxaki yokuphicothwa kweendlebe?

Iimpawu ze-APD zingabandakanya:

• ubunzima bokuqonda intetho, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinengxolo okanye xa kuthethwa ngaphezu komntu omnye
• ukubuza abantu ukuba baphinde into abayithethileyo okanye baphendule ngamagama anje ngo "huh" okanye "yintoni"
• ukungaqondi into ethethwayo
• Ukufuna ixesha elide lokuphendula xa uncokola
• unengxaki ukuxelela apho isandi sivela khona
• iingxaki zokwahlula phakathi kwezandi ezifanayo
• ubunzima bokujonga okanye ukunika ingqalelo
• iingxaki zokulandela okanye ukuqonda intetho ekhawulezayo okanye imikhombandlela entsonkothileyo
• ingxaki yokufunda okanye ukonwabela umculo

Ngenxa yezi mpawu, abo bane-APD banokubonakala ngathi kunzima ukuva. Nangona kunjalo, kuba ingxaki ibandakanya ukuqhubekeka kwezandi, ukuvavanywa kuhlala kubonisa ukuba amandla abo okuva aqhelekile.

Kuba banengxaki yokulungisa kunye nokuqonda izandi, abantu abane-APD bahlala benengxaki ngemisebenzi yokufunda, ngakumbi leyo iboniswa ngomlomo.

Isifo sokuphicothwa kweengxelo sichongwa njani?

Akukho nkqubo esemgangathweni yokufumanisa i-APD. Inxalenye yokuqala yenkqubo ibandakanya ukuthatha imbali epheleleyo.

Oku kunokubandakanya ukuvavanya iimpawu zakho kwaye xa beqala kunye nokujonga ukuba unazo naziphi na izinto ezinobungozi ze-APD.

Inkqubo yeendlela ezininzi

Ngenxa yokuba iimeko ezininzi zinokufana okanye zenzeke kunye ne-APD, indlela eyahlukeneyo isetyenziselwa ukwenza isifo.

Oku kunokunceda umboneleli wakho wezempilo akhuphe naziphi na ezinye izizathu ezinokubangela imeko yakho.

Nantsi eminye imizekelo:

• Ugqirha wezandi unokwenza iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zokuva.
• Isayikholojisti inokuvavanya ukusebenza kwengqondo.
• Ingcali yolwimi inokuvavanya izakhono zakho zonxibelelwano ngomlomo nangokubhala.
• Ootitshala banokunika ingxelo ngayo nayiphi na imingeni yokufunda.

Iimvavanyo zovavanyo

Sebenzisa ulwazi olunikezelwa liqela elinamacandelo amaninzi kwizilingo abazenzileyo, ugqirha wezandi uya kwenza uxilongo.

Eminye imizekelo yeentlobo zovavanyo abanokuzisebenzisa zibandakanya ezi:

• kuvavanye ukuba imeko yakho kungenxa yokulahleka kwendlebe okanye i-APD
• vavanya amandla akho okuva nokuqonda intetho kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya nengxolo yangasemva, intetho ekhuphisanayo, kunye nentetho ekhawulezayo
• misela ukuba ungakhetha utshintsho olunobuqhetseba kwizandi, ezinje ngotshintsho kubunzulu okanye iphimbo
• gauge amandla akho okuqonda iipateni kwizandi
• sebenzisa ii-electrode ukubeka iliso kwimisebenzi yengqondo yakho xa usebenzisa ii-headphone ukumamela izandi

Zithini izizathu zovavanyo lokuphicothwa kweendlebe?

Akuqondwa ngokupheleleyo ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela i-APD. Nangona kunjalo, zikho izizathu ezinokubakho okanye izinto ezinobungozi ezichongiweyo.

Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Ukulibaziseka okanye iingxaki ngokukhula kwendawo yengqondo eqhuba izandi
• yemfuza
• utshintsho lwe-neurological olunxulumene nokwaluphala
• Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo owenzeka ngenxa yezinto ezinje ngezifo ezifana ne-multiple sclerosis, usulelo olunjenge-meningitis, okanye ukwenzakala entloko
• Usulelo lwendlebe oluphindaphindiweyo (i-otitis media)
• iingxaki ngexesha okanye emva nje kokuzalwa, kubandakanya ukungabikho kweoksijini kwingqondo, ubunzima bokuzalwa okuphantsi, kunye nejundice

Inyangwa njani ingxaki yokuqhutywa kokuphicothwa?

Unyango lwe-APD lulungiselelwe iimfuno zakho ngokubhekisele kuvavanyo olwenziwe ngexesha lokuqonda isifo.

Unyango lujolise:

• kukunceda ukuba ufunde indlela yokuphucula inkqubo yezandi
• kukufundisa izakhono zokunceda ukubuyekeza i-APD yakho
• kukunceda wenze utshintsho kwimfundo yakho okanye kwindawo yokusebenza ukuze ulawule imeko yakho ngcono

Uqeqesho lokuphicothwa

Uqeqesho lokuphicothwa kweyona nto iphambili kunyango lwe-APD. Inokukunceda ukuba uhlalutye ngcono izandi.

Uqeqesho lokuphicotha lunokwenziwa kumntu, iseshoni nganye-nye kunye nonyango okanye kwi-Intanethi.

Eminye imizekelo yokuzivocavoca ibandakanya:

• kuchonga umahluko kwizandi okanye kwiipateni zesandi
• ukumisela ukuba isandi sivela phi
• kugxilwe kwizandi ezithile kubukho bengxolo yangasemva

Izicwangciso zembuyekezo

Izicwangciso zembuyekezo zijolise ekomelezeni izinto ezinjengememori, ingqalelo, kunye nezakhono zokusombulula iingxaki ukukunceda ulawule i-APD yakho. Imizekelo yezicwangciso zembuyekezo ezifundiswayo zibandakanya:

• ukuqikelela izinto ezinokubakho kwincoko okanye umyalezo
• ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokunceda ukuququzelela ulwazi
• ukubandakanya ubuchule bememori njengezixhobo zeemnemon
• ukufunda iindlela zokuphulaphula

Utshintsho kwimeko-bume yakho

Ukwenza utshintsho kwindawo ekungqongileyo kunokukunceda ukulawula i-APD yakho. Eminye imizekelo yeenguqu kokusingqongileyo zibandakanya:

• ukulungisa izinto zegumbi ukunceda ukuba lingangxoli kakhulu, njengokusebenzisa ikhaphethi endaweni yemigangatho eqinileyo
• ukunqanda izinto ezivelisa ingxolo yangasemva, ezinje ngeefeni, iirediyo, okanye iiTV
• ukuhlala kufutshane nomthombo wesandi kwiimeko apho unxibelelwano luyimfuneko, njengakwintlanganiso yeshishini okanye kwigumbi lokufundela
• ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokufundisa kwigumbi lokufundela endaweni yokuthetha nje
• kubandakanya itekhnoloji yokuncedisa njengesiqhelo inkqubo ye-FM, esebenzisa imakrofoni kunye nesamkeli ukuhambisa izandi ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka kumthombo wesandi ezindlebeni zakho.

I-APD vs. idyslexia

IDyslexia luhlobo lwesifo sokufunda esibonakala ngokuba nengxaki yokufunda.

Le ngxaki iquka ubunzima kwizinto ezinje:

• amagama achonga
• ukudibanisa izandi zentetho noonobumba namagama
• ukuqonda oko ukufundileyo
• ukuguqulela amagama abhaliweyo kwintetho

IDyslexia iyafana ne-APD kuba abantu abane-dyslexia banengxaki yokulungisa ulwazi.

Nangona kunjalo, endaweni yokuchaphazela icandelo lobuchopho eliqhuba izandi, i-dyslexia ichaphazela indawo yengqondo eqhuba ulwimi.

Njengaye i-APD, abantu abane-dyslexia banokuba nengxaki ngemisebenzi yokufunda, ngakumbi ezo zinto zibandakanya ukufunda, ukubhala, okanye upelo.

I-APD vs. i-Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

I-ASD luhlobo lwesifo sokukhula esichaphazela zombini isimilo somntu kunye nokukwazi ukunxibelelana.

Iimpawu ze ASD ziwela kumacandelo amabini:

• ingxaki yokunxibelelana okanye yokunxibelelana nabanye
• ukwenza isimilo esiphindaphindayo kunye nokuthintela kakhulu, umdla othile

I-ASD inokwahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu-kokubini kwiimpawu ezithile ezikhoyo kunye nobukhali bazo. Imeko inokuchaphazela iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukuphendula kwizandi okanye ulwimi oluthethwayo.

Nangona kunjalo, umntu onoluphazamiseko onengxaki yokulungisa okanye ukuqonda izandi ezivela kwindalo yakhe akanayo i-APD.

Olu phawu kunokuba ngenxa yeziphumo zehlabathi ze-ASD ngokuchaseneyo nemeko yokuva njenge-APD.

Iindlela zokuthatha eziphambili

I-APD sisifo sokungeva apho ingqondo yakho inengxaki yokulungisa izandi.

Abantu abane-APD bahlala benengxaki:

• intetho eqondayo
• ukuxelela umahluko phakathi kwezandi
• ukumisela ukuba sivela phi isandi

Ayaziwa ukuba yintoni ebangela i-APD. Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezahlukeneyo zichongiwe ezinokudlala indima, kubandakanya:

• imiba yophuhliso
• umonakalo we-neurological
• yemfuza

Ukuchonga i-APD kubandakanya iqela leengcali ezahlukeneyo.

Unyango lwe-APD lumiselwe kwimeko-ngamatyala.

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kusebenza ngokusondeleyo kunye nawe okanye umntwana wakho ukuba enze isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo esisekwe kwiimfuno zakho.