Umhlaza weBile Duct

Umxholo

• Iindidi zecolangiocarcinoma
• Zithini iimpawu zecolangiocarcinoma?
• Yintoni ebangela icolangiocarcinoma?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-cholangiocarcinoma?
• Icholangiocarcinoma ichongwa njani?
• Iphathwa njani i-cholangiocarcinoma?
• Ugqirha
• Ithini imbonakalo yexesha elide yabantu abane-cholangiocarcinoma?

Amagqabantshintshi e-cholangiocarcinoma

I-Cholangiocarcinoma yinto enqabileyo kwaye ihlala ibulala umhlaza ochaphazela i-bile ducts.

Imibhobho yenyongo luluhlu lweetyhubhu ezihambisa incindi yokwetyisa ebizwa ngokuba yinyongo kwisibindi sakho (apho yenziwa khona) kwi-gallbladder yakho (apho igcinwa khona). Ukusuka kwi-gallbladder, imibhobho ithwala inyongo iye emathunjini akho, apho inceda ukophula amafutha kukutya okutyayo.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-cholangiocarcinoma ivela kulawo malungu emibhobho yenyongo elele ngaphandle kwesibindi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umhlaza unokukhula kwimibhobho ekhoyo kwisibindi.

Iindidi zecolangiocarcinoma

Rhoqo, ii-cholangiocarcinomas ziyinxalenye yosapho lwamathumba abizwa ngokuba yi-adenocarcinomas, aphuma kwinyama yamadlala.

Ngaphantsi okuqhelekileyo, zii-squamous cell carcinomas, ezikhula kwiiseli ze-squamous ezilungelelanisa indlela yakho yokwetyisa.

Izidumba ezikhula ngaphandle kwesibindi sakho zihlala zincinci. Ezisesibindi zinokuba ncinane okanye zibe nkulu.

Zithini iimpawu zecolangiocarcinoma?

Iimpawu zakho ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwindawo yethumba lakho, kodwa zinokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• I-jaundice, etyheli eluswini, lolona phawu luqhelekileyo. Oku kunokukhula kwinqanaba lokuqala okanye emva kwexesha, kuxhomekeke kwindawo yethumba.
• Umchamo omnyama kunye nezihlalo eziluhlaza zinokukhula.
• Ukurhawuzelela kunokwenzeka, kwaye kunokubangelwa yi-jaundice okanye ngumhlaza.
• Unokuba nentlungu esiswini sakho engena ngasemva kwakho. Oku kuhlala kwenzeka njengoko umhlaza uqhubeka.

Iziphumo ezongezelelweyo ezinqabileyo kodwa ezinzulu zinokubandakanya ukwandiswa kwesibindi sakho, udakada, okanye inyongo.

Unokuba neempawu eziqhelekileyo, ezifana ne:

• Ukugodola
• ifiva
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• ukuhla ukusinda
• ukudinwa

Yintoni ebangela icolangiocarcinoma?

Oogqirha abaqondi ukuba kutheni i-cholangiocarcinoma ikhula, kodwa kucingelwa ukuba ukudumba okungapheliyo kwemibhobho yenyongo kunye nosulelo lwesifo esinganyangekiyo kunokudlala indima.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-cholangiocarcinoma?

Kungenzeka ukuba uphuhlise i-cholangiocarcinoma ukuba uyindoda okanye ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Iimeko ezithile zinokunyusa umngcipheko wakho kolu hlobo lomhlaza, kubandakanya:

• Isibindi (sisidudu sentshulube)
• Usulelo lwe-bile duct okanye ukudumba okungapheliyo
• ukudumba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi
• Ukuvezwa kweekhemikhali ezisetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso enjengokwenziwa kweenqwelomoya
• iimeko ezinqabileyo, ezinjenge-primary sclerosing cholangitis, i-hepatitis, i-Lynch syndrome, okanye i-biliary papillomatosis

Icholangiocarcinoma ichongwa njani?

Ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye angathatha iisampulu zegazi. Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokujonga ukuba isibindi sakho sisebenza kakuhle kangakanani kwaye sinokusetyenziselwa ukukhangela izinto ezibizwa ngokuba ziimpawu zesisu. Amanqanaba okuphawula amathumba anokuphakama kubantu abane-cholangiocarcinoma.

Unokufuna kwakhona ukukhangela imifanekiso efana ne-ultrasound, i-CT scan, kunye ne-MRI scan. Ezi zibonelela ngemifanekiso yemibhobho yakho yenyongo kunye neendawo ezibangqongileyo kwaye zinokuveza amathumba.

Ukujonga imifanekiso kunokunceda ukukhokela ugqirha wakho ekususeni isampulu yethishu kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-biopsy yokuncedisa imifanekiso.

Inkqubo eyaziwa njenge-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) ngamanye amaxesha yenziwa. Ngexesha le-ERCP, ugqirha wakho ugqirha udlulisa ityhubhu ende ngekhamera ezantsi emqaleni wakho nakwinxalenye yamathumbu akho apho kuvuleke imibhobho yenyongo. Ugqirha wakho ugqirha unokufaka idayi kwimibhobho ye-bile. Oku kunceda imibhobho ibonakale ngokucacileyo kwi-X-ray, ityhila naziphi na izithintelo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, baya kupasa iprosesa ethatha imifanekiso ye-ultrasound kwindawo yemibhobho yakho yenyongo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-endoscopic ultrasound scan.

Kuvavanyo olwaziwa njenge-percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC), ugqirha wakho uthatha i-X-ray emva kokufaka idayi kwisibindi nakwimibhobho ye-bile. Kule meko, bafaka idayi ngqo kwisibindi sakho ngesikhumba sesisu sakho.

Iphathwa njani i-cholangiocarcinoma?

Unyango lwakho luya kwahluka ngokwendawo kunye nobungakanani bethumba lakho, nokuba lisasazekile (lisasazekile), kunye nemeko yempilo yakho iphela.

Ugqirha

Unyango lotyando kuphela kwendlela enika unyango, ngakumbi ukuba umhlaza ubanjiwe kwangethuba kwaye awuzange usasazeke ngaphaya kwesibindi sakho okanye imibhobho yenyongo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ithumba lisavaleleke kwimibhobho yenyongo, unokufuna kuphela ukuba kususwe imibhobho. Ukuba umhlaza usasazekile ngaphaya kwemijelo nakwisibindi sakho, inxenye okanye sonke isibindi kungafuneka sisuswe. Ukuba isibindi sakho sonke kufuneka sisuswe, uya kufuna ukufakelwa kwesibindi ukuze ubeke endaweni yoko.

Ukuba umhlaza wakho uhlasele amalungu akufutshane, inkqubo yeWhipple inokwenziwa. Kule nkqubo, ugqirha wakho wotyando ususa:

• imibhobho yenyongo
• inyongo
• injeke
• amacandelo esisu sakho kunye namathumbu

Nokuba umhlaza wakho awunakuphiliswa, unokuhlinzwa ukuze unyange imibhobho ye-bile evaliweyo kwaye ukhulule ezinye zeempawu zakho. Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha ugqirha unokufaka ityhubhu ukuze ibambe indlela evulekileyo okanye yenze indlela yokudlula. Oku kunokukunceda ukunyanga i-jaundice yakho. Icandelo elivaliweyo lamathumbu linokunyangwa ngonyango.

Kuya kufuneka ufumane i-chemotherapy okanye unyango ngemitha emva kotyando lwakho.

Ithini imbonakalo yexesha elide yabantu abane-cholangiocarcinoma?

Ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ulisuse ngokupheleleyo ithumba lakho, unethuba lokuphiliswa. Imbono yakho ngokubanzi ibhetele ukuba ithumba alikho kwisibindi sakho.

Uninzi lwabantu alukulungelanga uqhaqho olususa ithumba ngokususa konke okanye inxenye yesibindi okanye i-bile duct. Oku kunokuba ngenxa yokuba umhlaza uhambele phambili, sele usebenze ngemetastasized, okanye ukwindawo engasebenziyo.