Ukuphazamiseka kwiBipolar kwabaseTyhini: Yazi iinyani

Umxholo

• Iimbalasane
  
• Zithini iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okungaqhelekanga?
• Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo
• Ingxaki yeBipolar II
• Ingxaki yeCyclothymic
• Iimpawu zesifo esiyi-bipolar
• Imania
• IHypomania
• Uxinzelelo
• Umxube oxubeneyo
• Ibhayisekile ekhawulezayo
• Imiba yomngcipheko ekufuneka uyiqwalasele
• Isifo seBipolar sifunyaniswa njani?
• Ukunyanga ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo
• Amayeza
• Unyango ngengqondo
• Unyango lwe-Electroconvulsive (ECT)
• Ukufumana unonophelo nenkxaso
• Izinketho zenkxaso
• Ukuzikhathalela
• Ukuthatha

Yintoni iBipolar Disorder?

Iimbalasane

1. Iimpawu kunye nefuthe lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo zinokwahluka kakhulu phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini.
2. Abasetyhini abanesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okusemngciphekweni wokunyuka okanye ukubuyela umva ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwehomoni.
3. Ngonyango olululo kunye nolawulo lweempawu, abasetyhini abanesifo se-bipolar banesimo esihle.

Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo sisifo sengqondo esibangela utshintsho olukhulu kwiimvakalelo. Olu tshintsho lweemvakalelo lunokutshintsha ukusuka kwiimvakalelo zovuyo ukuya kwezo zokudakumba okunzulu. Banokuthintela amandla akho okusebenza emsebenzini nakubomi bakho bobuqu.

Esi sifo sichaphazela malunga neepesenti ezi-2.8 zabantu abadala baseMelika minyaka le. Kwenzeka ngezinga elilinganayo kumadoda nabasetyhini. Iimpawu kunye nefuthe lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okungahluka kakhulu phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini, nangona kunjalo. Qhubeka ufunda ngakumbi malunga nendlela abachaphazeleka ngayo abantu basetyhini.

Zithini iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okungaqhelekanga?

Ezi ntlobo zintathu ziphambili zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo yi-bipolar I, i-bipolar II, kunye ne-cyclothymic disorder. Ezinye iintlobo zebipolar zinokunxulunyaniswa nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye amayeza, okanye kwenye imeko yonyango.

Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo

I-bipolar I diagnostic ibandakanya ubuncinci be-manic okanye ye-episode yesiqhelo ehlala iveki enye okanye ebangela ukulaliswa esibhedlele. Isiqendu sinokufika ngaphambi okanye emva kwesiqendu se-hypomanic okanye sokudandatheka. Nangona kunjalo, unokuba ne-bipolar I ngaphandle kwesiqwengana soxinzelelo. Amadoda nabafazi baba nengxaki yokuphazamiseka engqondweni.

Ingxaki yeBipolar II

Ukuchongwa kwesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo esiyi-bipolar II kubandakanya imeko yangoku okanye eyadlulayo yoxinzelelo olukhulu oluhlala ubuncinci iiveki ezimbini. Umntu kufuneka kwakhona abe nesiqendu sangoku okanye esidlulileyo se-hypomania. Abasetyhini banokuba ngaphezulu kwamadoda ukuphuhlisa i-bipolar II disorder.

Ingxaki yeCyclothymic

Abantu abanesifo se-cyclothymic banokufumana iimpawu eziqhubekayo zebipolar ezingazifezekisiyo iikhrayitheriya ezipheleleyo zokuchongwa kwe-bipolar I okanye i-bipolar II diagnostic. Ingxaki ye-Cyclothymic ithathwa njengeyona ndlela iphantsi kakhulu yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Kubandakanya ukuphindaphindeka rhoqo kweempawu zokuxinana kunye nokudakumba ezingaze zibe nzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba zichongwe ukuba zinengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo oku-bipolar II. Ezi mpawu zihlala ziqhubeka kangangeminyaka emibini.

Iimpawu zesifo esiyi-bipolar

Kubalulekile ukuqonda iimpawu ezisisiseko se-bipolar disorder. Oku kunokukunceda uqonde ngcono ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuchaphazela njani abantu basetyhini. Iimpawu eziphambili zibandakanya:

• imania
• hypomania
• ukudakumba
• ukuxubana kwendoda

Imania

IMania yimeko yeemvakalelo eziphakamileyo. Ngexesha leziqendu zomntu, unokuziva uphakame kakhulu, unamandla kwaye uyila. Usenokuziva ucaphukile. Unokuzibandakanya kwiindlela zokuziphatha ezinobungozi obuphezulu, ezinje ngokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi okanye ukwanda komsebenzi wesondo. Unokuchitha imali ngobuwula, wenze utyalomali olubi ngemali yakho, okanye uziphathe ngezinye iindlela zokungakhathali.

Iziqendu zeManic zinokuhlala iveki okanye nangaphezulu. Ukuba ufumana umbono okanye umbono weendlebe okanye ubuqhetseba, ezi kuthiwa "ziimpawu zengqondo."

IHypomania

I-Hypomania yeyona ndlela imbi kakhulu ye-mania. Ngexesha leziqendu ze-hypomanic, unokuziva uphakamile kwiimoods ezifanayo nezo zenzeka nge-mania. Ezi mvakalelo ziphakamileyo azinamandla kangako kuneemvakalelo zomntu, nangona kunjalo, kwaye zinempembelelo encinci kumandla akho okusebenza. Abasetyhini kunokwenzeka ukuba baphuhlise i-hypomania kunamadoda.

Uxinzelelo

Uxinzelelo yimeko yeemvakalelo eziphantsi kakhulu. Ngexesha lokudakumba, unokuziva unosizi olukhulu kunye nelahleko enkulu yamandla. Ezi ziqendu zihlala okungenani iiveki ezimbini. Ngenxa yoku, iziqendu zoxinzelelo zinokubangela ukonakala kakhulu. Abasetyhini kunokwenzeka ukuba babe neempawu zokudakumba kunamadoda.

Umxube oxubeneyo

Ukongeza kwiziqendu ezihlukeneyo zomntu kunye noxinzelelo, abantu abanesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nabo banokuba namava oxubeneyo. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba sisiqendu esidibeneyo. Ngesiqendu esixubekileyo, unokufumana zombini iimpawu zomntu kunye nokudakumba yonke imihla kangangeveki okanye nangaphezulu. Abasetyhini kunokwenzeka ukuba bafumane iziqendu ezixubekileyo kunamadoda.

Ibhayisekile ekhawulezayo

Iziqendu ze-bipolar zinokubonakaliswa kukukhawuleza kwezi ziqendu zitshintshe. Ukuhamba ngebhayisikile okukhawulezayo yipateni yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuvela xa ubunamadoda amane okanye iziqendu zoxinzelelo kunyaka omnye. Ukuhamba ngebhayisikile ngokukhawuleza kunxulunyaniswe namazinga anyukayo e:

• ukudakumba
• ukuzibulala
• ukuhlukunyezwa kwesiyobisi
• ixhala
• hypothyroidism

Abasetyhini banamava okuhamba ngebhayisikile ngokukhawuleza kunamadoda.

Imiba yomngcipheko ekufuneka uyiqwalasele

Izinto ezininzi eziyaziwayo zomngcipheko zinokunyusa ukubakho kwesiqalo se-bipolar okanye ukubuyela umva kumadoda nabafazi. Ezi zinto zibeka emngciphekweni zibandakanya:

• ukuba nomzali okanye umntakwenu onengxaki yokuphazamiseka engqondweni
• iziyobisi
• utywala
• Iziganeko ezinkulu zobomi, ezinjengokuswelekelwa ngumntu omthandayo okanye ukuvezwa ngamava abuhlungu

Abasetyhini abanesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okucingelwayo ukuba basemngciphekweni owandayo wokuqalisa okanye wokuphinda ubuye ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwehomoni. Olu tshintsho lunokubangelwa ngu:

• ukuba sexesheni
• i-premenstrual syndrome kunye nokuphazamiseka kwangaphambi kokuya esikhathini
• ukukhulelwa
• ukuyeka ukuya exesheni

Abasetyhini abanengxaki yokuphazamiseka engqondweni kunye nabo banethuba elikhulu lokuba nezinye iingxaki zempilo kunye ne-bipolar. Ezi ngxaki zinokubandakanya:

• utywala
• iingxaki zokutya
• ukutyeba okubangelwa ngamayeza
• migraine intloko ebuhlungu
• isifo se-thyroid

Isifo seBipolar sifunyaniswa njani?

Ukufumanisa isifo se-bipolar kunokuba nzima kakhulu, njengoko uninzi lweempawu zalo zivela nakwezinye iimeko. Ezi meko zinokubandakanya ukunqongophala kwengqondo yokuchaphazeleka kwengqondo (ADHD). Banokubandakanya i-schizophrenia, ngakumbi ukuba uneempawu zengqondo. Ukuchongwa kwabasetyhini nako kunokuba nzima ngamahomoni okuzala.

Ukuxilongwa kubandakanya ukuvavanya ngokomzimba. Ugqirha wakho uya kuvavanya nembali yakho yezonyango kunye neyosapho. Ngemvume yakho, ugqirha wakho usenokuthetha namalungu osapho kunye nabahlobo abasondeleyo ukuqokelela ulwazi malunga nokuziphatha okungaqhelekanga. Ngaphambi kokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, ugqirha wakho kufuneka akhuphe iziphumo zamanye amayeza okanye iimeko.

Ukunyanga ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo

Akukho lunyango lwaziyo lokuphazamiseka engqondweni. Iimpawu zale meko ziyanyangeka kakhulu, nangona kunjalo. Unyango lomntu ngamnye lusekwe kwiimpawu zakho ezithile.

Amayeza

Amayeza ahlala esetyenziswa njengonyango lokuqala lokufumana iimpawu zebipolar phantsi kolawulo. Amachiza asetyenziswa ikakhulu kunyango lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okubandakanya ii-mood stabilizers, i-antipsychotic, kunye ne-anticonvulsants.

Ngelixa zinokuba luncedo, la mayeza anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ezi ziphumo zingabandakanya:

• ukozela
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• ukutyeba kwakho

Ukuba uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kumayeza akho, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela zokuzinciphisa. Kwaye qiniseka ukuba ulandela isicwangciso sakho sonyango njengoko kuyalelwa ngugqirha.

Unyango ngengqondo

I-Psychotherapy, okanye unyango lonyango, lolunye ukhetho lonyango. Unyango lwentetho lusetyenziswa kunye namayeza. Inokukunceda ukuzinzisa imeko yakho, kwaye ikuncede ubambelele kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango. Olu hlobo lonyango luthwala umngcipheko omncinci, nangona ukuthetha ngamava obomi abuhlungu kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka ngokweemvakalelo.

Unyango lwe-Electroconvulsive (ECT)

Unyango lwe-Electroconvulsive (ECT) lukhetho olongezelelweyo kunyango lwe-bipolar disorder. I-ECT ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwesikhuthazo sombane ukwenza ukubanjwa kwengqondo. I-ECT ibonakalisiwe ukuba iyindlela efanelekileyo yokunyanga uxinzelelo olunzulu kunye neziqendu zomntu, nangona isebenza njani kwaye kutheni isebenza kungacaci. Iziphumo ezinokuthi zidityaniswe ne-ECT zibandakanya:

• ixhala
• ukudideka
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukulahleka kwememori okungapheliyo

Ukufumana unonophelo nenkxaso

Ukufumana ukhathalelo kunye nenkxaso oyifunayo sisitshixo sokulawula ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Musa ukoyika ukufikelela kwabanye, okanye ukuzikhathalela ngakumbi.

Izinketho zenkxaso

IZiko leSizwe lezeMpilo yeNgqondo libonelela ngesi sikhokelo silandelayo ukuba wena, okanye umntu omaziyo, uneempawu zesifo esiyibipolar:

• xoxa ngeendlela zonyango kunye nogqirha wakho
• gcina inkqubo yesiqhelo
• lala ngokwaneleyo
• hlala kuwo nawaphi na amayeza amiselweyo onyango lwakho
• funda malunga neempawu zokulumkisa ezinokuthi zikwazise ngesiqendu se-bipolar
• lindela ukuphucula ngokuthe ngcembe kwiimpawu
• Fumana inkxaso kusapho nakubahlobo
• thetha nogqirha okanye ugqirha malunga nendlela onokuziva ngayo
• Joyina iqela lendawo okanye lenkxaso kwi-intanethi

Ukuba ucinga ngokuzenzakalisa okanye wazi umntu okhoyo, funa uncedo kwangoko. Unokwenza enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:

• biza ugqirha wakho okanye ugqirha
• biza u-911 okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ukufumana uncedo kwangoko
• tsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yasimahla, eyi-24 yeLizwe yokuThintela uKuzibulala ku-800-273-TALK (800-273-8255)
• ukuba unengxaki yokuva okanye yokuthetha, tsalela umnxeba nge-teletypewriter (TTY) ngo-800-799-4TTY (4889) ukuze uthethe nomcebisi oqeqeshiweyo

Ukuba kunokwenzeka, cela umhlobo okanye ilungu losapho ukuba likuncede.

Ukuzikhathalela

Ukuzinonophela ngokufanelekileyo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokulawula le meko. Ukuba ungumfazi onesifo esiyi-bipolar, unokuziqhelanisa nemikhwa esempilweni ukuze ulawule ngcono esi sifo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi. Le mikhwa ibandakanya ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo, kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo. Ugqirha wakho unokukuxelela ngakumbi.

Ukuthatha

Ngelixa amadoda nabasetyhini banokufumana ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo, imeko ichaphazela ngokwahlukileyo. Isizathu esikhulu soku kuyindima yamadlala okuzala abasetyhini. Ngethamsanqa, ngonyango olululo kunye nolawulo lweempawu, abasetyhini abanesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo abanesimo esihle. Kwaye oogqirha bayaqhubeka nokwenza amanyathelo okuqonda ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye neempawu zayo ezizodwa kubafazi.