Ngaba unokufumana iArthritis kumhlathi wakho?

Umxholo

• Iinyani ezikhawulezayo malunga nesifo samathambo emhlathini
• Zeziphi iintlobo zesifo samathambo ezinokuchaphazela umhlathi wakho?
• Osteoarthritis
• Irheumatoid Arthritis
• Isifo samathambo
• Ziintoni iimpawu zesifo samathambo emhlathini wakho?
• Umhlathi wamathambo kunye nokuphazamiseka kweTMJ
• Ezinye izizathu zentlungu yomhlathi
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Zithini iindlela zokhetho zonyango?
• Ugqirha
• Ngaba akho amanyathelo okuzinyamekela ayanceda?
• Umgca wezantsi

Ewe, unokufumana isifo samathambo emhlathini wakho, nangona ingeyondawo abantu abaninzi abacinga ngayo xa kufikwa kwisifo samathambo.

Isifo samathambo emihlathini sinokubangelwa:

• osteoarthritis
• irheumatoid Arthritis
• isifo samathambo

Umhlathi wamathambo unokuhluka ukusuka kubumnene ukuya kubunzima kwaye unokuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Inokubangela neempawu ezinxulumene nengxaki ye-temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Eli nqaku liza kunceda ukucacisa ukuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesifo samathambo sinokuwuchaphazela njani umhlathi kunye nokhetho olunokunceda.

Iinyani ezikhawulezayo malunga nesifo samathambo emhlathini

• Ngenxa yokuba umhlathi udibanisa zombini iihenjisi kunye nokushukuma kweentshukumo, ithathwa njengelinye lawona malungu anzima emzimbeni wakho.
• Ngokwe-osteoarthritis yomhlathi ichaphazela iipesenti ezisi-8 ukuya kwiipesenti ezili-16 zabemi behlabathi.
• Ngokomphando ofanayo, i-jaw osteoarthritis ichaphazela abafazi abaninzi kunamadoda.
• I-Osteoarthritis inokuchaphazela elinye okanye omabini amacala omhlathi wakho.

Zeziphi iintlobo zesifo samathambo ezinokuchaphazela umhlathi wakho?

Osteoarthritis

I-Osteoarthritis yindlela eqhelekileyo yesifo samathambo esiya sisiba mandundu, esinokuchaphazela naliphi na ilungu emzimbeni wakho. Inxulunyaniswa nokusetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo, kwaye iya isiba yinto eqhelekileyo njengoko uneminyaka yobudala.

I-Osteoarthritis yomhlathi ibonakaliswa ngokutshatyalaliswa kwezicubu ezinzima kunye nezithambileyo ezijikeleze amalungu omhlathi. Oku kungatshintsha ukumila nokusebenza komhlathi.

Umhlathi womonakalo unokuba ngumhlathi.

Irheumatoid Arthritis

I-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) sisifo esizimelayo esibangela ukuba amajoni akho omzimba ahlasele izicwili ezisempilweni ezikumalungu akho. Yimeko engapheliyo yokuvuvukala.

Iimpawu zomhlathi zihlala zenzeka kumanqanaba okugqibela e-RA. Omabini amacala omhlathi anokuchaphazeleka.

Kubantu abane-RA, phantse iipesenti ezingama-93 kubo baneempawu ze-TMJ okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwethambo lomhlathi. Isifundo esifanayo safumanisa ukuba ubukrakra bengxaki ye-TMJ yayihambelana nobukrakra beRA.

Isifo samathambo

I-Psoriatic arthritis (i-PsA) yimeko edibeneyo yokuvuvukala eyenzeka malunga nabantu abanesikhumba se-psoriasis. Yimeko ye-autoimmune ekucingelwa ukuba isebenza kwiintsapho.

I-PsA yimeko engapheliyo, kodwa iimpawu zinokuza zihambe. Ukuba ayinyangwa kwangethuba, inokonakalisa umhlathi ngokungenakuphikiswa, njengoko kuphawuliwe kuphononongo luka-2015.

I-PsA luhlobo lwe-spondyloarthritis ye-arthritis. Ezinye iintlobo ze-arthritis kweli qela nazo zingabangela ukuphazamiseka kwe-TMJ.

Uphononongo olufanayo luka-2015 lwabantu abayi-112- abanye bane-psoriasis kuphela kwaye abanye bane-psoriasis kunye ne-PsA-bafumanisa ukuba omabini la maqela aneempawu zokuphazamiseka kwe-TMJ.

Kodwa abo bane-PsA baneempawu ezibaluleke ngakumbi zoku:

• iingxaki zokuvula umhlathi
• ukugaya amazinyo nokuqinisa
• ingxolo yomhlathi

Ziintoni iimpawu zesifo samathambo emhlathini wakho?

Iimpawu zesifo samathambo emhlathini wakho zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeka kubukhali besifo samathambo. Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• iintlungu, ezinokuba kukuqaqamba okungathethekiyo okanye ukuhlaba okubukhali xa uhambisa umhlathi
• ukudumba ngaphakathi okanye kumalunga omhlathi wakho
• intshukumo edibeneyo okanye evalelwe imihlathi
• ukuthamba komhlathi
• ukuqina kwemihlathi, ingakumbi kusasa
• Ukuqunjelwa, ukuthamba, ukucofa, okanye ukubetha ingxolo (ebizwa ngokuba yi-crepitus)
• ubunzima bokuhlafuna
• iintlungu zobuso okanye iintlungu ezijikeleze indlebe okanye intamo
• intloko ebuhlungu
• iintlungu zamazinyo

Umhlathi wamathambo kunye nokuphazamiseka kweTMJ

Ukuphazamiseka ngokudibeneyo kwi-temporomandibular kuqhelekile, kuchaphazela malunga nezigidi ezili-10 zaseMelika, ngokweZiko leSizwe loPhando lwaMazinyo kunye neCraniofacial.

Isifo samathambo emhlathini sinokuvelisa iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwi-TMJ. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• ukudumba okungapheliyo
• ukonakala kwentlala
• ukuthintela ukuhamba

Ukuqhubela phambili kunye nobukrakra beengxaki ze-TMJ kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo samathambo esichaphazelekayo. Inkqubo yendlela i-arthritis cartilage degeneration ebangela ngayo ukuphazamiseka kwe-TMJ ayiqondakali ngokupheleleyo.

Ezinye izizathu zentlungu yomhlathi

Intlungu yomhlathi inezizathu ezininzi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho izizathu ezingaphezulu kwesinye. Ubuhlungu emhlathini wakho akusoloko kunxulunyaniswa nomonakalo wethambo.

Ngaphandle kwesifo samathambo, iintlungu zomhlathi zisenokubangelwa ngu:

• Isindululo esiphindaphindwayo. Ezinye izigwenxa eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:
  • ukuhlafuna rhoqo iintshungama
  • ukuqinisa okanye ukutshixiza amazinyo
  • ukuluma uzipho
• Ukwenzakala. Oku kunokuba ngenxa:
  • usulelo, njengosulelo lwesono
  • ukubetha emhlathini
  • wolule umhlathi, njengenkqubo yamazinyo
  • ukufakwa kwemibhobho ngexesha lonyango
• Iingxaki zomzimba. Imizekelo inokubandakanya:
  • ukungalingani kwamazinyo akho
  • iingxaki zemihlathi eyakhiweyo
  • izifo zomzimba
• Amayeza. Amanye amayeza amiselweyo anokuchaphazela izihlunu zakho zomhlathi kwaye zibangele iintlungu.
• Iimvakalelo. Ixhala, uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo kunokubangela ixesha, izihlunu zomhlathi ezixineneyo okanye zenze iintlungu zomhlathi zibe mandundu.

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Ukuba unentlungu yomhlathi, yinto efanelekileyo ukubona ugqirha wakho wamazinyo okanye ugqirha ukuze ufumane isizathu. Kwangoko uphatha i-arthritis okanye imiba ye-TMJ, kokukhona kungcono ukuba uxele kwangaphambili. Ukubamba isifo samathambo kwangoko kunokunceda ukuthintela umonakalo kumhlathi wakho.

Umboneleli wakho wokhathalelo lwempilo uya kucela imbali yakho yezonyango kwaye akuvavanye ngokwasemhlathini. Baza kuphinda babuze malunga neempawu zakho kwaye banoku-odola uvavanyo lwegazi.

Ukunceda ukufumanisa unobangela weentlungu zakho zomhlathi, umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokuyalela iimvavanyo zokucinga. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• iX-reyi yomhlathi wakho
• iskena se-CT (esenziwe ngekhompyuter) ukuze ujonge ngakumbi amathambo emihlathi kunye nezicubu ezidibeneyo
• I-MRI (imaging resonance imaging) ukubona ukuba kukho imiba malunga nokwakheka komhlathi wakho

Zithini iindlela zokhetho zonyango?

Unyango lwe-arthritis yomhlathi luya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwe-arthritis onayo kunye nobunzima bayo.

Ngokubanzi, injongo yonyango kukuba:

• thintela ukonakala komhlathi ngakumbi
• lawula iintlungu
• gcina umsebenzi wakho womhlathi

Okwangoku, akukho nyango luguqula umonakalo we-jaw arthritis.

Ukuphononongwa ngo-2017 kwezifundo malunga nomhlathi wamathambo uxele ukuba amanyathelo okuqala okulondolozwa asombulule iimpawu zentlungu yabantu abane-jaw arthritis. La manyathelo afaka:

• ukuphumla komhlathi
• ulungiso lwenyama
• iziyobisi ezingasebenziyo ezichasayo (ii-NSAID)
• umlomo wokukhusela ukukhusela amazinyo

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho zomhlathi wamathambo kunye nokuba zinzima kangakanani iimpawu zakho, umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokuyalela:

• ukuvuselela umbane
• iziyobisi zomlomo kubandakanya:
  • izihlunu eziphumlayo
  • Ukuthomalalisa iintlungu
  • iziyobisi
  • Iziyobisi ezichaphazela isifo se-antirheumatic (DMARDS)
• amafutha okuthambisa
• inaliti steroid
• hyaluronic acid inaliti
• ukutshiza

Ugqirha

Ukuba unyango olulondolozayo alusebenzi ekupheliseni iintlungu okanye ezinye iimpawu, utyando lunokukhetha.

Olunye ukhetho yi-arthroscopy ene-arthrocentesis, eyinkqubo encinci engenayo inezinga eliphezulu lempumelelo.

Ngokwe-2017 yokuphononongwa, le nkqubo ikhulula iimpawu kubantu abane-jaw arthritis abasenentlungu emva kokuzama unyango olulondolozayo.

Ngethuba lale nkqubo, umboneleli wakho wezempilo uyakudala enye okanye imingxunya emincinci ngaphezulu komdibaniso womhlathi. Emva koko, baya kufaka i-arthroscope - isixhobo esinokukhanya kunye nekhamera - ukujonga ukudibanisa.

Nje ukuba umboneleli wakho wezempilo abone umhlathi wakho ngokudibeneyo, baya kufaka izixhobo ezincinanana ekuvulekeni:

• susa izicwili ezibomvu
• ulwakhiwo ngokutsha lwendibaniselwano
• phelisa ukudumba

Bayakufaka ulwelo kwilungu lakho, eyinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yiarthrocentesis.

Ulwelo lunceda ukuhlamba nayiphi na imveliso yeekhemikhali yokudumba. Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwindibaniselwano kwaye uncede umhlathi wakho uphinde ufumane uluhlu lokuhamba.

Utyando oluvulekileyo lukhetho lokugqibela kubantu abanokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemihlathi okanye iintlungu eziqhubekayo. Ukubuyiselwa ngokudibeneyo konke kunokwenzeka.

Ngaba akho amanyathelo okuzinyamekela ayanceda?

Ukuba iintlungu zomhlathi wakho azikho qatha kwaye aziphazamisi kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla, unokufuna ukuzama ukunciphisa ukungaphatheki kakuhle kwemihlathi ngamanyathelo okuzikhathalela.

Olunye ukhetho lubandakanya:

• Ukuphumla umhlathi wakho. Ukuphepha ukuvula umhlathi ngokubanzi kwaye uzama ukunamathela kukutya ukutya okuthambileyo ekungafuneki ukuba uhlafune kakhulu kunokunika isiqabu.
• Unyango lomkhenkce okanye ubushushu. Ukufaka icompress ebandayo kunokunciphisa ukudumba, ngelixa iphedi yokufudumeza amanzi okanye ibhotile yamanzi ashushu inokukunceda uphumle izihlunu zomhlathi.
• Ukuzivocavoca kwemihlathi. Ukwenza imithambo ethile yomhlathi kunokunceda ukomeleza izihlunu zomhlathi kunye nokuphucula ukuhamba kwamalungu akho emihlathi.
• Ukuzilolonga. Ukuba ubamba umhlathi xa uxinezelekile, ukuzilolonga kunokukunceda uzive uzolile kwaye ungaphantsi koxinzelelo.
• Ukuphulula izihlunu zakho zomhlathi. Ukuphulula izihlunu zemihlathi kunokunceda ekuphuculeni ukuhamba kwegazi kunye nokukhawulezisa ukuphilisa.
• Nxiba isikhuseli somlomo ebusuku. Ukuba uthambekele ekugayeni amazinyo xa ulele, isikhuseli somlomo sinokukunceda ukukhusela oku.

Umgca wezantsi

Nangona umhlathi ungaqhelekanga unxulunyaniswa nesifo samathambo, kunokwenzeka kumalungu amaninzi emzimbeni, kubandakanya umhlathi wakho. I-Osteoarthritis, i-rheumatoid arthritis, okanye i-psoriatic arthritis inokubangela isifo samathambo emhlathini.

Ubuhlungu, ukudumba, kunye nokuthintelwa kokuhamba kwemihlathi zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo. Isifo samathambo sinokubangela ukuphazamiseka kweTMJ.

Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kwe-arthritis yomhlathi kunokunceda ukukhusela okanye ukulibazisa ukuwohloka komhlathi. Amanyathelo okulondolozwa kwesiqhelo aqhele ukuba lunyango lokuqala lonyango. Ukuba iintlungu ziyaqhubeka okanye ukuba ukonakala kwemihlathi kugqithile, kunokufuneka kwenziwe utyando.