I-squamous cell carcinoma: yintoni, iimpawu, oonobangela kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili kunye neempawu
• Ukwahlulahlula i-squamous cell carcinoma
• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-squamous cell carcinoma, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-SCC okanye i-squamous cell carcinoma, luhlobo lomhlaza wolusu ovela ikakhulu emlonyeni, ulwimi kunye nomqala kwaye kubangele iimpawu kunye neempawu ezinjengezilonda ezingapholiyo, ukopha ngokulula namabala amabi esikhumbeni. ulusu, olunemiphetho engaqhelekanga kunye nombala obomvu okanye omdaka.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-squamous cell carcinoma ikhula ngenxa yokuvezwa kakhulu yimitha ye-ultraviolet, ekhutshwe kukukhanya kwelanga okanye iibhedi zokutshuka, kwaye abantu abanolusu olukhanyayo namehlo basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nolu hlobo lomhlaza.

Unyango lwe-squamous cell carcinoma luxhomekeke kubungakanani besilonda kunye nobungqongqo beeseli zomhlaza kwaye, ngokubanzi, kwiimeko ezinobundlobongela obuncinci, kwenziwa utyando oluncinci ukususa ithumba. Ke ngoko, xa kuvela izilonda kulusu kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wesikhumba, kuba uxilongo lwenziwa kwangoko, kokukhona amathuba okuba anyangwe.

Iimpawu eziphambili kunye neempawu

I-squamous cell carcinoma ibonakala ikakhulu kwimimandla yomlomo, nangona kunjalo, inokubonakala kulo naliphi na ilungu lomzimba elithe lavezwa lilanga, njenge-scalp nezandla, kwaye inokuchongwa ngeempawu ezinje:

• Inxeba elingangxengwanga nelopha ngokulula;
• Ibala elibomvu okanye elimdaka;
• Izilonda ezirhabaxa kunye neziphumayo zolusu;
• Ukudumba nokuqaqamba kwesilonda;
• Izilonda ezinemiphetho engaqhelekanga.

Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba unikele ingqalelo kwaye ujonge ubukho bamabala eluswini, amaxesha amaninzi, amanye amabala abangelwa lilanga, anokuqhubela phambili kwaye abe ngumhlaza, njengoko kusenzeka kwi-keratoses ye-actinic. Fumana ngakumbi malunga nokuba yintoni kunye nendlela yokunyanga i-actinic keratosis.

Ukongeza, xa ujonga ukubonakala kwezilonda kulusu, kufuneka ufune uncedo kugqirha wesikhumba, njengoko uvavanyo olunemicroscope enamandla amakhulu luya kwenziwa ukujonga iimpawu zebala kunye nokuchazwa kwesikhumba kunokucetyiswa ukuqinisekisa nokuba ngumhlaza.

Ukwahlulahlula i-squamous cell carcinoma

Olu hlobo lomhlaza lunokwahlula-hlula ngokweempawu zethumba, ubunzulu besilonda kunye nokuhlaselwa kweeseli zomhlaza kwamanye amalungu omzimba, ezinje ngee-lymph node kwaye kunokuba:

• Umahluko omncinci: kwenzeka xa iiseli ezigulayo zinoburharha kwaye zikhula ngokukhawuleza;
• Umahluko ophakathi: isigaba esiphakathi, apho iiseli zomhlaza zisanda khona;
• Yahlulwe kakuhle:yinto encinci kwaye iyenzeka xa iiseli zomhlaza zibukeka njengeeseli zolusu ezisempilweni.

Kukho ukwahlulwahlulwa kwamatyala apho ithumba linzulu kakhulu kwaye lichaphazela ulusu olwahlukeneyo, oluhlaselayo lwe-squamous cell carcinoma, ukuze lifune ukunyangwa ngokukhawuleza ukuze lingakhuli kwakhona kwaye lingabangeli metastasis. Bona ngakumbi ukuba kwenzeka njani i-metastasis.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

Oonobangela be-squamous cell carcinoma abachazwanga kakuhle, nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, ukubonakala kolu hlobo lomhlaza kunxulunyaniswa nokuvezwa kakhulu yimitha yelanga, kukukhanya kwelanga okanye kwiibhedi zokususa.

Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba, utywala obungalinganiyo, utyekelo lwemfuza, usulelo olubangelwa yipapillomavirus yabantu (HPV) kunye nokunxibelelana neekhemikhali, ezinje ngomphunga onetyhefu kunye neasidi, zisenokuba zizimo ezikhokelela ekubonakaleni kolu hlobo lomhlaza wolusu.

Ukongeza, ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zinokunxulunyaniswa nokubonakala kwe-squamous cell carcinoma, enjengolusu olufanelekileyo, amehlo alula okanye iinwele ezibomvu zendalo okanye ezimhlophe.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-squamous cell carcinoma iyanyangeka kwaye unyango luchazwa ngugqirha wesikhumba, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ubungakanani, ubunzulu, indawo kunye nobungqongqo besisu, kunye nemeko zempilo yomntu, enokuba:

• Utyando: Iqukethe ukususwa kwesilonda ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokuhlinzwa;
• ICryotherapy: kukususwa kwethumba ngokusetyenziswa kwemveliso ebanda kakhulu, enjenge-nitrogen engamanzi;
• Unyango lwe-Laser: isekwe ekupheliseni isilonda somhlaza ngokusebenzisa i-laser application;
• Unyango ngonyango: iqulethe ukupheliswa kweeseli zomhlaza ngemitha;
• Unyango ngamayeza: Kukusetyenziswa kwamachiza ngokubulala iiseli zethumba emthanjeni;
• Unyango lweseli: amayeza asetyenziselwa ukunceda amajoni omzimba ukuphelisa iiseli ze-squamous cell carcinoma, ezinje ngeyeza le-pembrolizumab.

I-Radiotherapy kunye ne-chemotherapy ziboniswe ngakumbi kwiimeko apho i-squamous cell carcinoma ichaphazele amalungu aliqela omzimba, kubandakanya igazi, kunye nenani leeseshoni, idosi yamayeza kunye nexesha lolu hlobo lonyango luya kuxhomekeka kugqirha.