I-catheterization yentliziyo: yintoni, yenziwe njani kunye nemingcipheko enokwenzeka

Umxholo

• Yenzelwe ntoni
• I-catheterization yentliziyo yenziwa njani
• Luluphi unonophelo olufunekayo
• Ubungozi obunokubakho bokucothwa

I-catheterization yentliziyo yinkqubo enokusetyenziselwa ukuxilonga okanye ukunyanga isifo sentliziyo, esiqulathe ukwaziswa kwecatheter, ityhubhu ecekeceke kakhulu, kumthambo wengalo, okanye emlenzeni, ukuya entliziyweni. I-catheterization yentliziyo inokwaziwa ngokuba yi-coronary angiography.

Olu hlobo lwenkqubo lunokuboniswa kokubini ekuchongeni ezinye iingxaki zentliziyo, kunye nonyango lwe-infarction okanye i-angina, njengoko ivavanya ingaphakathi lemithambo yegazi kunye nentliziyo, ekwaziyo ukubona nokususa ingqokelela yamacwecwe anamafutha okanye izilonda kule mimandla.

I-catheterization yentliziyo yenziwa njani

Yenzelwe ntoni

I-catheterization yentliziyo isebenza ukufumanisa isifo kunye / okanye ukunyanga iimeko ezahlukeneyo zentliziyo, phakathi kwazo kunokuqaqanjiswa oku kulandelayo:

• Vavanya ukuba imithambo yegazi, ebonelela ngezihlunu zentliziyo, ivalekile okanye akunjalo;
• Imithambo ecacileyo kunye nezivalo ngenxa yokuqokelelwa kwamacwecwe anamafutha;
• Khangela ukuba kukho izilonda na kwezivalo nentliziyo izihlunu;
• Jonga utshintsho kwi-anatomy yentliziyo engaqinisekiswanga lolunye uvavanyo;
• Veza ngokweenkcukacha, ukuba zikhona, ukungazalwa ngokuzalwa kwiintsana nakubantwana.

I-catheterization yentliziyo inokwenziwa ngokudibanisa nezinye iindlela ezinje nge-coronary angioplasty, indlela esetyenziselwa ukuvulela isikhephe se-coronary kwaye inokwenziwa ngokufakwa kwesitayile (isinyithi sokufakelwa) okanye kusetyenziswe ibhaluni, enexinzelelo oluphezulu, ityhala iipleyiti, zivula ivazi. Funda ngakumbi malunga nendlela i-angioplasty eyenziwa ngayo.

Inokwenziwa ngokudibeneyo ne-balloon valvuloplasty ebhetyebhetye, esetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezinje ngevalves zentliziyo ezinjenge-pulmonary stenosis, aortic stenosis kunye ne-mitral stenosis. Funda ngakumbi malunga neempawu zendlela i-valvuloplasty eyenziwa ngayo.

I-catheterization yentliziyo yenziwa njani

I-catheterization yentliziyo yenziwa ngokufaka i-catheter okanye iphenyo entliziyweni. Inyathelo ngenyathelo yile:

1. Ukubulawa kwendawo;
2. Ukwenza ukuvulwa okuncinci kwe-catheter ukungena kulusu lwe-groin okanye ingalo engalweni okanye engqinibeni;
3. Ukufakwa kwe-catheter kwimithambo (ngesiqhelo, iradial, femoral okanye bracheal) eya kuthi ikhokelwe ngugqirha oyingcali, ukuya entliziyweni;
4. Indawo ekungena kuyo ekunene nasekhohlo kwimithambo yegazi;
5. Ukufakwa kwento esekwe iodine (umahluko) evumela ukubonwa kwemithambo kunye neendawo zabo zokuthintelwa zii-X-ray;
6. Thelekisa umahluko kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo, evumela ukubonwa kwempompo yentliziyo.

Uviwo alubangeli zintlungu. Eyona nto inokwenzeka kukuba isigulana siziva singonwabanga xa kulunywa i-anesthesia kunye nokutshisa kobushushu esifubeni xa kuthelekiswa umahluko.

Ixesha loviwo liyahluka ngokwendlela ekulula ngayo ukucoca ithagethi, kuba ixesha elide kwizigulana esele zenziwe utyando lwe-myocardial revascularization. Ngokwesiqhelo, uviwo aluthathi ngaphezulu kwemizuzu engama-30, xa kufuneka uphumle iiyure ezimbalwa kwaye, ukuba akukho ngxaki, ungagoduka, ukuba wenze i-catheterization ngaphandle kwenye inkqubo ehambelana nayo.

Luluphi unonophelo olufunekayo

Ngokubanzi, ukulungiselela i-catheterization ecwangcisiweyo, kubalulekile ukuzila ukutya iiyure ezi-4 ngaphambi koviwo, kwaye uzame ukuphumla. Ukongeza, kuphela ngamachiza amiselwe ngugqirha wezentliziyo ekufuneka egcinwe esetyenziswa, kuthintelwe amayeza angakhange amiselwe, kubandakanya amayeza ekhaya kunye neti. Jonga ukuba zeziphi ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka zithathiwe ngaphambi nasemva kotyando.

Ngokubanzi, ukuchacha kule nkqubo kuyakhawuleza, kwaye xa kungekho ezinye iingxaki ezinokuyithintela, isigulana siyaphuma esibhedlele ngosuku olulandelayo ngengcebiso yokuphepha umthambo onamandla okanye ukuphakamisa iintsimbi ngaphezulu kwe-10 kg kwiiveki zokuqala ezi-2 Inkqubo.

Ubungozi obunokubakho bokucothwa

Nangona ibaluleke kakhulu kwaye ikhuselekile ngokubanzi, le nkqubo inokuzisa umngcipheko empilweni, njengale:

• Ukopha kunye nosulelo kwindawo yokufaka i-catheter;
• Umonakalo wenqanawa yegazi;
• Ukusabela okungafunekiyo komzimba ngokuchaseneyo nokusetyenziswa;
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga okanye i-arrhythmia, enokuthi ihambe yodwa, kodwa inokufuna unyango kwimeko yokuzingisa;
• Amagqabantshintshi egazi anokubangela ukubetha okanye isifo sentliziyo;
• Yehla kuxinzelelo lwegazi;
• Ukuqokelelwa kwegazi engxoweni ejikeleze intliziyo, enokuthintela ukubetha kwentliziyo njengesiqhelo.

Umngcipheko mncinci xa uviwo lucwangcisiwe, nangaphezulu, luhlala lusenziwa kwizibhedlele ezinezixhobo ezifanelekileyo, ezinee-cardiologists kunye noogqirha bentliziyo, ngo-sus okanye ngasese.

Obu bungozi bunokwenzeka, ngakumbi, kubantu abanesifo seswekile, abanezifo zezintso kunye nabantu abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-75 ubudala, okanye kwezi zigulana zinamandla kwaye zibukhali ezine-infyo inflction.