Yintoni ebangela ukuba kube nzima ukuGwinya?

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela ubunzima bokuginya?
• Iindidi zedysphagia
• Oropharyngeal
• Uqhaqho
• Ukuchonga idysphagia
• Kufunyaniswa njani ukuginya ubunzima?
• I-Barium X-ray
• Endoscopy
• Imanometry
• Ukunyanga ubunzima bokugwinya

Ubunzima bokuginya kukungakwazi ukuginya ukutya okanye ulwelo ngokulula. Abantu abanobunzima bokuginya banokuminxa kukutya okanye ulwelo xa bezama ukugwinya. IDysphagia lelinye igama lonyango elinobunzima bokuginya. Olu phawu alusoloko lubonisa imeko yonyango. Ngapha koko, le meko inokuba yeyethutyana kwaye ihambe yodwa.

Yintoni ebangela ubunzima bokuginya?

Ngokutsho kweZiko leLizwe leZithulu kunye nokunye ukuphazamiseka koNxibelelwano, kukho izibini ezingama-50 zezihlunu kunye nemithambo-luvo esetyenziselwa ukukunceda uginye. Ngamanye amagama, zininzi izinto ezinokungahambi kakuhle kwaye zikhokelele kwingxaki yokuginya. Ezinye zeemeko zibandakanya:

• I-Acid Reflux kunye ne-GERD: Iimpawu ze-acid ze-Reflux zibangelwa xa isisu siqukuqela sivela esiswini sibuyele kwi-esophagus, sibangela iimpawu ezifana nokuqaqamba kwentliziyo, iintlungu zesisu kunye nokuqhekeka. Funda ngakumbi ngoonobangela, iimpawu, kunye nonyango lwe-acid reflux kunye neGERD.
• Isitshisa: Isitshisa kukutshiswa sisifuba esivame ukwenzeka ngencasa ekrakra emqaleni okanye emlonyeni. Fumanisa ukuba ungasibona njani, usiphathe njani kwaye usithintele isitshisa
• Epiglottitis: I-Epiglottitis ibonakaliswa sisicubu esidlamkileyo kwi-epiglottis yakho. Yimeko enokubusongela ubomi. Funda ukuba ngubani oyifumanayo, kutheni, kwaye inyangwa njani. Le meko ithathwa njengengxamisekileyo kwezonyango. Unonophelo olungxamisekileyo lunokufuneka.
• Goiter: Idlala lengqula lakho lidlala elifunyenwe entanyeni yakho ngaphantsi nje kweapile lika-Adam. Imeko eyonyusa ubungakanani be-thyroid ibizwa ngokuba yi-goiter. Funda ngakumbi malunga noonobangela kunye neempawu zesifo sokudamba.
• Uqhaqhoqho: I-Esophagitis kukukrala komqala kunokubangelwa yi-acid Reflux okanye amayeza athile. Funda ngakumbi malunga neentlobo ze-esophagitis kunye nonyango lwabo.
• Umhlaza wesisu: Umhlaza we-Esophageal uvela xa kukho isimilo esibuhlungu (somhlaza) kwi-lining of the esophagus, enokubangela ubunzima bokuginya. Funda ngakumbi malunga nomhlaza wokuqhinwa, oonobangela, isifo, kunye nonyango.
• Umhlaza wesisu (esiswini iadenocarcinoma): Umhlaza wesisu wenzeka xa iiseli ezinomhlaza zibumba esiswini. Ngenxa yokuba kunzima ukuyifumana, ayisoloko ifunyaniswa ide ihambele phambili. Funda malunga neempawu, isifo, unyango, kunye nokuxela kwangaphambili komhlaza wesisu.
• Iherpes esophagitis: I-Herpes esophagitis ibangelwa luhlobo lwentsholongwane ye-herpes simplex (1 (HSV-1).Usulelo lunokubangela iintlungu zesifuba kunye nobunzima bokuginya. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokuba i-herpes esophagitis ifunyaniswa njani kwaye inyangwa njani.
• I-herpes simplex labialis eqhelekileyo: Ukuphindaphindeka kwe-herpes simplex labialis, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-herpes yomlomo okanye i-orolabial herpes, sisifo somlomo esibangelwa yintsholongwane ye-herpes simplex. Funda malunga neempawu, unyango kunye nokuthintelwa kwesi sifo.
• Idyroid nodule: I-nodule ye-thyroid yintlanzi engakhula kwi-thyroid gland. Inokuqina okanye izaliswe lulwelo. Unokuba ne-nodule enye okanye isihloko samaqhuqhuva. Funda ukuba yintoni ebangela amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid kunye nendlela anyangwa ngayo.
• I-mononucleosis echaphazelekayo: I-mononucleosis echaphazelekayo, okanye i-mono, ibhekisela kwiqela leempawu eziqhelekileyo ezibangelwa yi-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Funda malunga neempawu kunye nonyango lwe-mononucleosis esosulelayo.
• Inyoka iyaluma: Ukulunywa yinyoka enobuhlungu kufuneka kusoloko kuphathwa njengengxamiseko yezonyango. Nokuba ulunywe yinyoka engenabungozi unokukhokelela kukungabikho komzimba okanye ukusuleleka. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokuba wenzeni xa uthe walunywa yinyoka.

Iindidi zedysphagia

Ukuginya kwenzeka kwizigaba ezine: ukulungiselela ngomlomo, ngomlomo, ngopharyngeal, nangokubopha umqala. Ubunzima bokuginya bunokwahlulwahlulwahlulwahlulwahlulwahlulwahlulwahlulwahlukeneyo ngokwamacandelo amabini: i-oropharyngeal (ebandakanya amanqanaba amathathu okuqala) kunye nokuqunjelwa.

Oropharyngeal

I-Oropharyngeal dysphagia ibangelwa kukuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo kunye nezihlunu emqaleni. Ezi ngxaki ziphazamisa izihlunu, zisenza kube nzima emntwini ukuba aginye ngaphandle kokukrwitshwa okanye ngamehlo. Oonobangela be-oropharyngeal dysphagia ziimeko ezichaphazela ikakhulu inkqubo ye-nervous efana nale:

• isifo sokugubhuka
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo kuqhaqho okanye unyango ngemitha
• Isifo sepoliyo

I-Oropharyngeal dysphagia nayo inokubangelwa ngumhlaza wokuqaqanjelwa ngumhlaza kunye nomhlaza wentloko okanye wentamo. Ingabangelwa kukuphazamiseka emqaleni, kwi-pharynx, okanye kwiipakethi zepharyngeal eziqokelela ukutya.

Uqhaqho

I-Esophageal dysphagia luvakalelo lokuba kukho into ebambekileyo emqaleni wakho. Le meko ibangelwa:

• i-spasms kwi-esophagus esezantsi, enjengokusasazeka kwe-spasms okanye ukungakwazi kwesophageal sphincter ukuphumla
• ukuqina kumqolo ongezantsi ngenxa yokuncipha okungaphakathi kwendandatho yokuqaqamba
• Ukunciphisa umqala ekukhuleni okanye ekunqandeni
• imizimba yamanye amazwe efakwe kumqala okanye emqaleni
• ukudumba okanye ukuncipha komqala ekudumbeni okanye kwi-GERD
• izicwili ezibomvu emqolo ngenxa yokosuleleka okungapheliyo okanye unyango lwasemva kwemitha

Ukuchonga idysphagia

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unokuba ne-dysphagia, kukho iimpawu ezithile ezinokubakho kunye nobunzima bokuginya.

Ziquka:

• ukuvuza amathe
• ilizwi elirhabaxa
• Ndiva ukuba kukho into efakwe emqaleni
• ukuphinda kwenziwe kwakhona
• ukwehla kobunzima obungalindelekanga
• isilungulela
• ukukhohlela okanye ukukrwitsha xa uginya
• intlungu xa uginya

• ubunzima bokuhlafuna ukutya okuqinileyo

Ezi mvakalelo zinokubangela umntu ukuba aphephe ukutya, ukungatyi, okanye ukuphulukana nomdla wokutya.

Abantwana abanobunzima bokuginya xa besitya banokuthi:

• ukwala ukutya ukutya okuthile
• kukutya okanye ulwelo oluvuzayo emilonyeni yabo
• Ukuhlaziya kwakhona ngexesha lokutya
• unengxaki yokuphefumla xa usitya
• ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kokuzama

Kufunyaniswa njani ukuginya ubunzima?

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neempawu zakho kunye nokuba zaqala nini. Ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uviwo lomzimba kwaye ajonge kumlomo wakho ukujonga ukungaqheleki okanye ukudumba.

Iimvavanyo ezizodwa ngakumbi ziyafuneka ukufumana esona sizathu.

I-Barium X-ray

I-X-ray ye-barium ihlala isetyenziselwa ukukhangela ngaphakathi kwisophagus malunga nokungaqhelekanga okanye iibhloksi. Ngethuba loviwo, uya kuginya ulwelo okanye ipilisi enedayi ebonakala kwiX-ray esiswini. Ugqirha uza kujonga umfanekiso weX-reyi njengoko uginya ulwelo okanye ipilisi ukuze ubone indlela esebenza ngayo umqala. Oku kuya kunceda ekuchongeni nabuphi na ubuthathaka okanye ukungaqheleki.

Uvavanyo lokuginya lwe-videofluorscopic luvavanyo lwe-radiologic esebenzisa uhlobo lwe-X-ray ebizwa ngokuba yi-fluoroscopy. Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ngugqirha wolwazi oluthetha ulwimi. Ibonisa amanqanaba omlomo, e-pharyngeal, kunye ne-esophageal of the swallow. Ngethuba loviwo, uya kuginya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zobume obuqala kwi-purees ukuya kwi-solids kunye nolwelo olucekeceke nolungqingqwa. Oku kuya kunceda ugqirha abone ukungeniswa kokutya kunye nolwelo kwi-trachea. Banokusebenzisa olu lwazi ukufumanisa ubuthathaka bemisipha kunye nokungasebenzi.

Endoscopy

I-endoscopy ingasetyenziselwa ukujonga zonke iindawo zesisu sakho. Ngethuba loviwo, ugqirha uya kufaka ityhubhu ecekeceke ecekeceke ngokuncamathiselwa kwekhamera ezantsi kwisisu sakho. Oku kuvumela ugqirha ukuba abone umqala ngokweenkcukacha.

Imanometry

I-manometry lolunye uvavanyo olungenelelayo olunokusetyenziselwa ukujonga ngaphakathi komqala wakho. Ngokukodwa, olu vavanyo lujonga uxinzelelo lwezihlunu emqaleni wakho xa uginya. Ugqirha uza kufaka ityhubhu kwindawo yakho yokulinganisa uxinzelelo kwiimisipha zakho xa zingena kwisivumelwano.

Ukunyanga ubunzima bokugwinya

Olunye uginyiso lobunzima alunakuthintelwa kwaye unyango lwe-dysphagia luyimfuneko. Ulwimi oluthetha ngesifo sengqondo luya kwenza uvavanyo lokugwinya ukuxilonga i-dysphagia yakho. Nje ukuba uvavanyo lugqityiwe, ugqirha wezifo zentetho unokucebisa:

• ukuguqulwa kokutya
• imithambo eginyayo ye-oropharyngeal yomeleza izihlunu
• amacebo okuginya afezekisayo
• uhlengahlengiso lwasemva kwexesha ekufuneka ulilandile ngelixa usitya

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iingxaki zokuginya ziyaqhubeka, zinokubangela ukungondleki kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ngakumbi kubantu abancinci nakwabadala. Izifo zokuphefumula eziphindaphindiweyo kunye ne-aspiration pneumonia nazo zinokwenzeka. Zonke ezi ngxaki zinobuzaza kwaye zisongela ubomi kwaye kufuneka ziphathwe ngokuqinisekileyo.

Ukuba ingxaki yakho yokugwinya ibangelwa yi-esophagus eqinisiweyo, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-esophageal dilation ingasetyenziselwa ukwandisa isophagus. Ngexesha lale nkqubo, ibhaluni encinci ibekwa kwindawo yomqala ukuyenza banzi. Ibhaluni ke iyasuswa.

Ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kwi-esophagus, utyando lunokufuneka ukususwa. Utyando lusenokusetyenziselwa ukususa izicwili ezibomvu.

Ukuba unayo i-acid reflux okanye izilonda, unokunikwa amayeza kagqirha ukuba ubaphathe kwaye ukhuthazwe ukuba ulandele ukutya kwe-reflux.

Kwiimeko ezinzima, unokungeniswa esibhedlele kwaye unikwe ukutya ngombhobho wokutya. Le tyhubhu ikhethekileyo ingena kanye esiswini kwaye idlula ngapha komqala. Ukutya okuguqulweyo kunokuba yimfuneko kude kube kuphuculwe ubunzima bokuginya. Oku kuthintela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni nokungondleki.