IDyslalia: yintoni, izizathu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• Uyichonga njani idyslalia
• Unyango lwedyslalia

I-Dyslalia sisifo sokuthetha apho umntu engakwaziyo ukubiza amagama, ngakumbi xa ene- "R" okanye "L", kwaye, ke ngoko, batshintshiselana la magama nabanye ngegama elifanayo.

Olu tshintsho luxhaphake kakhulu ebuntwaneni, luthathwa njengesiqhelo ebantwaneni ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-4 ubudala, nangona kunjalo xa ubunzima bokuthetha ezinye izandi okanye ukucacisa amanye amagama buqhubeka emva kwelo xesha, kubalulekile ukuba uqhagamshelane nodokotela wabantwana, otorhinolaryngologist okanye intetho yezonyango. ukuba uphando ngotshintsho kunye nolona nyango lufanelekileyo lunokuqaliswa.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

I-Dyslalia inokwenzeka ngenxa yeemeko ezininzi, ezona ziphambili zezi:

• Utshintsho emlonyeni, njengokukhubazeka kuphahla lomlomo, ulwimi olukhulu kakhulu kubudala bomntwana okanye ulwimi olunamathele;
• Iingxaki zokuva, nanjengoko umntwana engeva izandi kakuhle, engazazi iifonetiki ezichanekileyo;
• Utshintsho kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo, ezinokuthi zithintele ukukhula kwentetho njengakwimeko yokukhubazeka kwengqondo.

Ukongeza, kwezinye iimeko i-dyslalia inokuba nefuthe kwilifa okanye yenzeke ngenxa yokuba umntwana efuna ukulinganisa umntu osondeleyo kuye okanye umlingisi kwinkqubo kamabonakude okanye ebalini, umzekelo.

Ke, ngokwesizathu, idyslalia inokuhlelwa ngokweendidi ezi-4 eziphambili, ezizezi:

• Indaleko: ithathwa njengesiqhelo ebantwaneni kwaye ilungiswa ngokuqhubekayo ekukhuleni kwayo;
• Umsebenzi: xa omnye unobumba eshenxiswa ngomnye xa ethetha, okanye xa umntwana esongeza enye unobumba okanye egqwetha isandi;
• Isandi: xa umntwana engakwazi ukuphinda isandi ngokuchanekileyo kuba engasiva kakuhle;
• Yemvelo: xa kukho ukwenzakala kwengqondo okuthintela intetho echanekileyo okanye xa kukho utshintsho kubume bomlomo okanye ulwimi oluthintela intetho.

Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba umntu makangathethi gwenxa ngomntwana okanye ayifumane intle kwaye umkhuthaze ukuba awabize gwenxa amagama, kuba ezi zimo zengqondo zinokukhuthaza ukuqala kwedyslalia.

Uyichonga njani idyslalia

I-Dyslalia iqhelekile ukuba iqatshelwe xa umntwana eqala ukufunda ukuthetha, kunye nobunzima ekuwabizeni amagama ngokuchanekileyo, ukutshintshiselana kwezinye izandi kwabanye ngenxa yokutshintshiselana kweqabane kwigama, okanye ngokudibanisa unobumba kwigama, ukutshintsha iifonetiki zalo. Ukongeza, abanye abantwana abane-dyslalia banokuzishiya ezinye izandi, njengoko kunzima ukulichaza elo gama.

I-Dyslalia ithathwa njengesiqhelo ukuya kuthi ga kubudala be-4, nangona kunjalo emva kweli xesha, ukuba umntwana unobunzima bokuthetha ngokuchanekileyo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ugqirha wabantwana, otolaryngologist okanye ugqirha wezonyango athethe, njengoko kunokwenzeka ukwenza uvavanyo ngokubanzi umntwana ukuze achonge izinto ezinokuthi ziphazamise intetho, ezinje ngotshintsho emlonyeni, ukuva okanye ingqondo.

Ke, ngesiphumo sovavanyo lomntwana kunye nohlalutyo lwe-dyslalia, kunokwenzeka ukuba olona nyango lufanelekileyo luyacetyiswa ukuphucula intetho, ukuqonda kunye nokuthetha kwezandi.

Unyango lwedyslalia

Unyango lwenziwa ngokwesizathu sengxaki, kodwa ihlala ibandakanya unyango ngeeseshoni zonyango zokuphucula intetho, ukuphuhlisa iindlela eziququzelela ulwimi, ukuqonda nokutolika izandi, kunye nokukhuthaza amandla okwenza izivakalisi.

Ukongeza, ukuzithemba komntwana kunye nolwalamano lobuqu nosapho kufuneka lukhuthazwe, nanjengoko ingxaki ihlala ivele emva kokuzalwa komntakwenu omncinci, njengendlela yokubuyela ekubeni mncinci kwaye ufumane ingqalelo ngakumbi kubazali.

Kwiimeko apho kufunyenwe iingxaki zemithambo-luvo, unyango kufuneka lubandakanye nonyango lwengqondo, kwaye xa kukho iingxaki zokuva, izixhobo zokuva kungafuneka.