Yintoni omele uyazi malunga ne-DTaP Vaccine

Umxholo

• Yintoni ugonyo lwe-DTaP?
• Tdap
• I-DTP
• Kufuneka uluthathe nini ugonyo lwe-DTaP?
• Ngaba zikhona iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho?
• Ngaba bukhona ubungozi bokufumana isitofu sokugonya se-DTaP?
• Ngaba i-DTaP ikhuselekile ekukhulelweni?
• Ukuthatha

Yintoni ugonyo lwe-DTaP?

I-DTaP isitofu sokugonya esikhusela abantwana kwizifo ezosulelayo ezintathu ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane: i-diphtheria (D), itetanus (T), kunye ne-pertussis (aP).

I-Diphtheria ibangelwa yintsholongwane I-Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Ityhefu eveliswe yile ntsholongwane inokwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla nokuginya, kwaye inokonakalisa namanye amalungu afana nezintso nentliziyo.

Isifo sokuqina kwemihlathi sibangelwa yintsholongwane Clostridium tetaniUhlala emhlabeni, kwaye unokungena emzimbeni ngokusika nokutsha. Ityhefu eveliswa yintsholongwane ibangela ukudumba okukhulu kwezihlunu, ezinokuchaphazela ukuphefumla kunye nokusebenza kwentliziyo.

I-Pertussis, okanye ukukhwehlela, kubangelwa yintsholongwane IBordetella pertussis, kwaye iyosulela kakhulu. Iintsana nabantwana abanesikhohlela esingalawulekiyo kwaye kunzima ukuphefumla.

Zimbini ezinye izitofu zokugonya ezikhusela kwezi zifo zisulelayo- isitofu sokugonya i-Tdap kunye nesitofu se-DTP.

Tdap

Iyeza lokugonya i-Tdap linamanani asezantsi ediphtheria kunye nezinto ze-pertussis kuneyeza lokugonya le-DTaP. Oonobumba abancinci "d" kunye "p" kwigama lesitofu bayakubonisa oku.

Iyeza lokugonya i-Tdap lifunyanwa ngedosi enye. Kuyacetyiswa kula maqela alandelayo:

• abantu abaneminyaka eli-11 nangaphezulu abangekafumani iyeza lokugonya iTdap
• abasetyhini abakhulelweyo kwikota yabo yesithathu
• Abantu abadala abaza kuba phakathi kweentsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-12 ubudala

I-DTP

I-DTP, okanye i-DTwP, isitofu sokugonya siqulathe amalungiselelo ephela B.i-pertussis ibacteria (wP). Ezi zitofu zazinxulunyaniswa neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:

• ububomvu okanye ukudumba kwindawo yenaliti
• ifiva
• ukuphazamiseka okanye ukucaphuka

Ngenxa yezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga, izitofu zokucoca umzimba B.i-pertussis icandelo laphuhliswa (aP). Yile nto isetyenzisiweyo kwizitofu zokugonya ze-DTaP kunye ne-Tdap. Iziphumo ezingalunganga kwezi zitofu zingaphezulu kwezo ze-DTP, ezingasafumanekiyo e-United States.

Kufuneka uluthathe nini ugonyo lwe-DTaP?

Ugonyo lwe-DTaP lunikwa ngeedosi ezintlanu. Abantwana kufuneka bafumane idosi yabo yokuqala kwiinyanga ezi-2 ubudala.

Iidosi ezine eziseleyo ze-DTaP (izixhasi) kufuneka zinikwe kule minyaka ilandelayo:

• Iinyanga ezi-4
• Iinyanga ezi-6
• phakathi kwe-15 neenyanga ezili-18
• phakathi kweminyaka emi-4 nengu-6 ubudala

Ngaba zikhona iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho?

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zokugonywa kwe-DTaP zibandakanya:

• ububomvu okanye ukudumba kwindawo yenaliti
• ukuthamba kwindawo yenaliti
• ifiva
• ukucaphuka okanye ukungxama
• ukudinwa
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya

Unokunceda ekuthomalaliseni iintlungu okanye umkhuhlane emva kogonyo lwe-DTaP ngokunika umntwana wakho i-acetaminophen okanye ibuprofen, kodwa qiniseka ukuba ujonga ugqirha womntwana wakho ukufumana idosi efanelekileyo.

Unokufaka ilaphu elifudumeleyo nelifumileyo kwindawo yenaliti ukunceda ukunciphisa ukudakumba.

Tsalela umnxeba ugqirha womntwana wakho ukuba umntwana wakho ufumana oku kulandelayo emva kogonyo lwe-DTaP:

• Umkhuhlane ongaphezu kwe-105 ° F (40.5 ° C)
• ukukhala okungalawulekiyo kangangeeyure ezintathu okanye nangaphezulu
• ukuxhuzula
• Iimpawu zokungalungeli komzimba, ezinokubandakanya imihlathi, ukuphefumla nzima kunye nokudumba kobuso okanye komqala

Ngaba bukhona ubungozi bokufumana isitofu sokugonya se-DTaP?

Ngamanye amaxesha, umntwana akufuneki afumane iyeza lokugonya le-DTaP okanye alinde ukulifumana. Kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba umntwana wakho unayo:

• Impendulo enzulu kulandela idosi yangaphambilini ye-DTaP, enokubandakanya ukubanjwa, okanye iintlungu ezinzima okanye ukudumba
• naziphi na iingxaki zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo, kubandakanya nembali yokubanjwa
• ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ekuthiwa yiGuillain-Barré syndrome

Ugqirha wakho usenokugqiba kwelokuba alubekele ecaleni ugonyo kude kufike olunye utyelelo okanye anike umntwana wakho iyeza lokugonya elinye elinento yediphtheria kunye ne-tetanus (isitofu sokugonya se-DT).

Umntwana wakho usenokufumana iyeza lakhe lokugonya le-DTaP ukuba unesifo esincinci, esifana nengqele. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo esiphakathi okanye esiqatha, ukugonywa kufuneka kumiswe de abe uchache.

Ngaba i-DTaP ikhuselekile ekukhulelweni?

Isitofu sokugonya se-DTaP sisetyenziselwa kuphela iintsana nabantwana abancinci. Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo akufuneki bafumane iyeza lokugonya le-DTaP.

Nangona kunjalo, i-CDC yokuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo bafumana isitofu sokugonya seTdap kwikota yesithathu yokukhulelwa ngakunye.

Kungenxa yokuba iintsana azifumani idosi yazo yokuqala ye-DTaP de zibe neenyanga ezi-2 ubudala, zibashiya besengozini yokufumana izifo ezinokubakho ezinje nge-pertussis kwiinyanga zabo zokuqala ezimbini.

Abasetyhini abafumana iyeza lokugonya le-Tdap ngexesha labo lesithathu lesithathu banokudlulisa ii-antibodies kumntwana wabo ongekazalwa. Oko kunokunceda ukukhusela umntwana emva kokuzalwa.

Ukuthatha

Iyeza lokugonya le-DTaP linikwa iintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci ngeedosi ezintlanu kwaye zikhusela kwizifo ezosulelayo ezintathu: i-diphtheria, tetanus, kunye ne-pertussis. Iintsana kufuneka zifumane idosi yazo yokuqala kwiinyanga ezi-2 ubudala.

Isitofu sokugonya i-Tdap sikhusela kwezi zifo zithathu, kwaye sinikwa njengesixhobo esongezelelekileyo kubantu abaneminyaka eli-11 nangaphezulu.

Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo kufuneka bacwangcise ukufumana i-Tdap booster ngexesha lesithathu lokukhulelwa. Oku kunokunceda ukukhusela umntwana wakho kwizifo ezinjenge-pertussis kwithuba eliphambi kokugonywa okokuqala kwe-DTaP.