IDysarthria

Umxholo

• Yintoni idysarthria?
• Zithini iimpawu zedysarthria?
• Yintoni ebangela idysarthria?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni wedysarthria?
• Ichongwa njani idysarthria?
• Inyangwa njani idysarthria?
• Ukuthintela idysarthria
• Yintoni imbonakalo yedysarthria?

Yintoni idysarthria?

IDysarthria kukuphazamiseka kwentetho yemoto. Kwenzeka xa ungakwazi ukulungelelanisa okanye ukulawula izihlunu ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa intetho ebusweni bakho, emlonyeni, okanye kwinkqubo yokuphefumla. Ihlala ibangelwa kukonzakala kwengqondo okanye imeko ye-neurological, enje ngokubetha.

Abantu abane-dysarthria banobunzima bokulawula izihlunu ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza izandi eziqhelekileyo. Esi sifo sinokuchaphazela iinkalo ezininzi zentetho yakho. Ungaphulukana namandla okubiza izandi ngokuchanekileyo okanye ukuthetha ngevolumu yesiqhelo. Usenokungakwazi ukulawula umgangatho, imvakalozwi kunye nesantya othetha ngaso. Indlela othetha ngayo isenokucotha okanye ingacacanga kakuhle. Ngenxa yoko, kunokuba nzima kwabanye ukuba baqonde ukuba uzama ukuthini.

Ukuphazamiseka kwintetho ethile onamava kuyakuxhomekeka kwisizathu esisisiseko sedysarthria yakho. Ukuba kubangelwa kukulimala kwengqondo, umzekelo, iimpawu zakho ezithile ziya kuxhomekeka kwindawo kunye nobukhulu bokwenzakala.

Zithini iimpawu zedysarthria?

Iimpawu zedysarthria zinokuthamba ukusuka kubumnene ukuya kubunzima. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• intetho engacacanga
• intetho ecothayo
• intetho ekhawulezayo
• isingqisho esingaqhelekanga, nesahlukileyo sentetho
• sithethela phantsi okanye sihlebezele
• ubunzima bokutshintsha ivolumu yentetho yakho
• impumlo, ubunzima, okanye umgangatho wezwi
• ubunzima bokulawula izihlunu zobuso bakho
• ubunzima bokuhlafuna, ukugwinya, okanye ukulawula ulwimi lwakho
• ukuvuza amathe

Yintoni ebangela idysarthria?

Iimeko ezininzi zinokubangela idysarthria. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• ukubetha
• ithumba lobuchopho
• ukwenzakala entloko
• umvakalelo yokitazo
• Ukukhubazeka kweBell
• isifo sokugubhuka
• Izihlunu zemisipha
• i-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
• Isifo sikaGuillain-Barre
• Isifo sikaHuntington
• imysthenia gravis
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• Isifo sikaWilson
• ukulimaza ulwimi lwakho
• ezinye izifo, ezifana ne-strep throat okanye i-tonsillitis
• amanye amayeza, anjengee-narcotic okanye i-tranquilizers ezichaphazela inkqubo ye-nervous system yakho

Ngubani osemngciphekweni wedysarthria?

IDysarthria inokuchaphazela abantwana kunye nabantu abadala. Usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuphuhlisa i-dysarthria ukuba:

• basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokubethwa sistroke
• unesifo sengqondo esichaphazelekayo
• unesifo se-neuromuscular
• ukusebenzisa kakubi utywala okanye iziyobisi
• bakwimpilo enkenenkene

Ichongwa njani idysarthria?

Ukuba bayakrokrela ukuba une-dysarthria, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwingcali yolwimi. Le ngcali inokusebenzisa iimviwo kunye neemvavanyo ukuvavanya ubukhali kunye nokuchonga unobangela wedysarthria yakho. Umzekelo, baya kuvavanya indlela othetha ngayo kwaye uhambisa imilebe yakho, ulwimi, kunye nezihlunu zobuso. Banokuvavanya iimeko zomgangatho wakho wezwi kunye nokuphefumla.

Emva kovavanyo lwakho lokuqala, ugqirha wakho angacela olunye okanye nangaphezulu kwezi mvavanyo zilandelayo:

• ukuginya ukufunda
• Iskena se-MRI okanye se-CT sokubonelela ngemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zengqondo yakho, intloko nentamo yakho
• i-electroencephalogram (i-EEG) yokulinganisa umsebenzi wombane kwingqondo yakho
• i-electromyogram (EMG) yokulinganisa iimpembelelo zombane zezihlunu zakho
• isifundo sokuqhuba ngemithambo-luvo (i-NCS) ukulinganisa amandla kunye nesantya apho imithambo-luvo yakho ithumela khona iimpawu zombane
• Uvavanyo lwegazi okanye umchamo ukukhangela usulelo okanye esinye isifo esinokubangela idysarthria yakho
• Ukugqobhoza i-lumbar ukukhangela usulelo, ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo ye-neva, okanye umhlaza wobuchopho
• Uvavanyo lwe-neuropsychological ukulinganisa izakhono zakho zokuqonda kunye nokukwazi kwakho ukuqonda intetho, ukufunda nokubhala

Inyangwa njani idysarthria?

Isicwangciso sonyango sonyango esinconywayo sedysarthria siya kuxhomekeka kwisifo sakho. Ukuba iimpawu zakho zihambelana nemeko yonyango, ugqirha unokucebisa amayeza, utyando, unyango lolwimi, okanye ezinye iindlela zokujongana nayo.

Umzekelo, ukuba iimpawu zakho zinxulumene neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza athile, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utshintsho kunyango lwakho lwamayeza.

Ukuba i-dysarthria yakho ibangelwa yi-tumor esebenzayo okanye i-lesion kwingqondo yakho okanye kwintambo yomgogodla, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma ukuhlinzwa.

Ulwimi oluthetha ulwimi olunokukwazi ukukunceda ukuphucula ubuchule bakho bonxibelelwano. Banokuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango esiqhelekileyo sokukunceda:

• Yandisa ulwimi kunye nokunyakaza kwemilebe.
• Yomeleza izihlunu zakho zokuthetha.
• Cothisa isantya othetha ngaso.
• Phucula ukuphefumla kwakho ukuze uthethe ngakumbi.
• Phucula ubizo lwakho ukuze uthethe ngokucacileyo.
• Ziqhelanise nezakhono zonxibelelwano zamaqela.
• Vavanya izakhono zakho zonxibelelwano kwiimeko zobomi bokwenyani.

Ukuthintela idysarthria

IDysarthria inokubangelwa ziimeko ezininzi, ke kunokuba nzima ukuyikhusela. Kodwa ungawunciphisa umngcipheko wedysarthria ngokulandela indlela yokuphila esempilweni eyehlisa amathuba okubetha. Umzekelo:

• Zilolonge rhoqo.
• Gcina ubunzima bakho kwinqanaba elisempilweni.
• Yandisa inani leziqhamo kunye nemifuno ekutyeni kwakho.
• Nciphisa i-cholesterol, amafutha amaninzi, kunye netyuwa ekudleni kwakho.
• Nciphisa ukuselwa kotywala.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya nokutshaya.
• Sukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezingamiselwanga ngugqirha wakho.
• Ukuba ufumene uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, thatha amanyathelo okuyilawula.
• Ukuba unesifo seswekile, landela icebo lonyango elicetyiswayo.
• Ukuba une-apnea yokulala ethintelayo, funa unyango kuyo.

Yintoni imbonakalo yedysarthria?

Umbono wakho uya kuxhomekeka kwisifo sakho. Buza ugqirha wakho ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nesizathu sedysarthria yakho, kunye nokhetho lwakho kunyango kunye nembono yexesha elide.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukusebenza nesifo sengqondo sokuthetha kunokukunceda uphucule amandla akho okuthetha. Umzekelo, iAmerican Speech-Language-Hearing Association inika ingxelo yokuba malunga nesibini kwisithathu sabantu abadala abanesifo senkqubo yemithambo-luvo banokuphucula ubuchule babo bokuthetha ngoncedo lwengcali yezifo zolwimi.