Iimpawu zokuqala ze-HIV

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Iimpawu zokuqala ze-HIV
• Iimpawu zikaGawulayo
• Amanqanaba e-HIV
• Ngaba likho ixesha apho intsholongwane ingasasazeki?
• Ezinye izinto eziqwalaselwayo
• Ukuvavanywa

Ushwankathelo

Xa kufikwa kusasazo lwe-HIV, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iimpawu zokuqala ekufuneka ujonge kuzo. Ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kwe-HIV kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni unyango olukhawulezileyo ukulawula intsholongwane kunye nokuthintela ukuqhubela phambili kwinqanaba le-HIV. Inqanaba 3 i-HIV yaziwa kakhulu njenge-AIDS.

Unyango lwakwangoko kusetyenziswa amachiza ee-antiretroviral lwenza ukuba intsholongwane ingabonakali, enokuthintela ukudluliselwa kwabanye abantu.

Iimpawu zokuqala ze-HIV

Iimpawu zokuqala ze-HIV zinokubonakala njengeempawu ezifanayo nezo zibangelwa ngumkhuhlane. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• intloko ebuhlungu
• ifiva
• ukudinwa
• ukudumba kwamalungu enkovu
• umqala obuhkungu
• itrush
• irhashalala
• iintlungu zemisipha kunye namalungu
• izilonda emlonyeni
• izilonda kwilungu langasese
• ukubila ebusuku
• urhudo

Iimpawu zokuqala ze-HIV zihlala zivela kwinyanga enye ukuya kwezimbini emva kosulelo, nangona zinokufika kwakamsinya emva kweeveki ezimbini emva kokuvezwa, ngokwe-HIV.gov. Ngapha koko, abanye abantu banokungafumani zimpawu kwangoko emva kokuba befumene i-HIV. Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba ezi zimpawu zokuqala ze-HIV zikwanxulunyaniswa nezifo eziqhelekileyo kunye neemeko zempilo. Ukuqiniseka ngesimo se-HIV, cinga ngokuthetha nomboneleli wezempilo malunga nokukhetha uvavanyo.

Ukungabikho kweempawu kunokuhlala ixesha elide njenge-10 iminyaka. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuthethi ukuba intsholongwane ihambile. Intsholongwane kaGawulayo yimeko yempilo elawulekayo. Kodwa xa inganyangwa, i-HIV inokuqhubela phambili ukuya kwinqanaba 3 nokuba akukho zimpawu zikhoyo. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kuvavanywe.

Iimpawu zikaGawulayo

Iimpawu ezibonisa ukuba intsholongwane kaGawulayo inokuthi ihambele phambili kwinqanaba 3 ibandakanya:

• ifiva ephezulu
• Ukugodola nobusuku ukubila
• irhashalala
• iingxaki zokuphefumla kunye nokukhohlela okungapheliyo
• ukuncipha kakhulu
• amabala amhlophe emlonyeni
• izilonda zangasese
• ukudinwa rhoqo
• ukukrala kwemiphunga
• iingxaki zememori

Amanqanaba e-HIV

Ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba le-HIV, iimpawu ziyahluka.

Inqanaba lokuqala le-HIV laziwa ngokuba sisifo esibi okanye esisisiseko se-HIV. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-acute retroviral syndrome. Ngeli nqanaba, uninzi lwabantu lufumana iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane ekunokuba nzima ukwahlulahlula kusulelo lwesisu okanye usulelo lokuphefumla.

Inqanaba elilandelayo linqanaba lokugqibela leklinikhi. Intsholongwane ayisebenzi, nangona isesemzimbeni. Ngeli nqanaba, abantu abafumani zimpawu ngelixa usulelo lwentsholongwane luqhubeka kumanqanaba asezantsi kakhulu. Eli xesha lokugqibela linokuhlala ishumi okanye nangaphezulu. Abantu abaninzi ababonakalisi zimpawu zentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngalo lonke elixesha leminyaka eli-10.

Inqanaba lokugqibela le-HIV linqanaba lesi-3. Kweli nqanaba, amajoni omzimba onakaliswe kakhulu kwaye asesichengeni sosulelo olungenelelayo. Nje ukuba i-HIV iqhubele phambili kwinqanaba lesithathu, iimpawu ezinxulumene nosulelo zinokubonakala. Ezi mpawu zinokubandakanya:

• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• ukudinwa
• ifiva

Iimpawu ezinxulunyaniswa ne-HIV ngokwayo, njengokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, zinokubonakala.

Ngaba likho ixesha apho intsholongwane ingasasazeki?

Intsholongwane kaGawulayo iyadluliselwa kwakamsinya emva kokuba ingenisiwe emzimbeni. Ngeli nqanaba, igazi liqukethe amanqanaba aphezulu e-HIV, nto leyo eyenza kubelula ukuwadlulisela kwabanye.

Kuba ayinguye wonke umntu oneempawu zokuqala ze-HIV, kuvavanywa kuphela kwendlela yokwazi ukuba intsholongwane ingene na. Ukuchongwa kwangoko kukwavumela umntu one-HIV ukuba aqale unyango.Unyango olufanelekileyo lunokuphelisa umngcipheko wokuhambisa intsholongwane kumaqabane abo abelana nawo.

Ezinye izinto eziqwalaselwayo

Xa kuziwa kwiimpawu ze-HIV, khumbula ukuba ayisoloko i-HIV ngokwayo eyenza ukuba abantu bazive begula. Uninzi lweempawu ze-HIV, ngakumbi ezona zinamandla, zivela kusulelo olungenelelayo.

Iintsholongwane ezijongene nolu sulelo zihlala zigcinwa kubantu abanesistim somzimba. Nangona kunjalo, xa amajoni omzimba ephazamisekile, ezi ntsholongwane zinokuhlasela umzimba kwaye zibangele ukugula. Abantu abangabonisi zimpawu kwangoko kwinqanaba le-HIV banokuba luphawu kwaye baqale ukuziva begula ukuba intsholongwane iyaqhubeka.

Ukuvavanywa

Ukuvavanywa kwe-HIV kubalulekile, kuba umntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ongalufumaniyo unyango usengayidlulisa intsholongwane, nokuba akanazimpawu. Abanye banokuyifumana intsholongwane kwabanye ngokutshintshiselana ngeencindi zomzimba. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lwanamhlanje lunokuwususa ngokufanelekileyo umngcipheko wokuhambisa intsholongwane kumaqabane ezesondo angenayo i-HIV.

Ngokwengxelo, unyango lwe-antiretroviral lungakhokelela kuxinzelelo lwentsholongwane. Xa umntu one-HIV ekwazi ukugcina umthamo wentsholongwane ongafumanekiyo, akanako ukudlulisela i-HIV kwabanye. Umthamo wentsholongwane ongafumanekiyo uchazwa yi-CDC njengeekopi ezingaphantsi kwama-200 ngeemililitha zegazi.

Ukwenza uvavanyo lwe-HIV kuphela kwendlela yokufumanisa ukuba ingaba intsholongwane isemzimbeni na. Kukho izinto ezinobungozi ezonyusa ithuba lomntu lokosulelwa yi-HIV. Umzekelo, abantu abalala ngesondo ngaphandle kwekhondom okanye iinaliti ekwabelwana ngazo banokufuna ukuqaphela ukubona umboneleli wabo wezempilo malunga nokuvavanywa.

Funda eli nqaku ngeSpanish.