I-CBC: yeyantoni kwaye ungasiqonda njani iziphumo
Umxholo
- 1. Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, ii-erythrocytes okanye ii-erythrocytes
- 2. Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi (iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi)
- 3. Iiplatelets
Inani elipheleleyo lwegazi luvavanyo lwegazi oluvavanya iiseli ezenza igazi, ezinje ngeeukocyte, ezaziwa njengeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, ekwabizwa ngokuba ziiseli ezibomvu zegazi okanye ii-erythrocytes, kunye neeplatelets.
Inxalenye yokubala kwegazi ehambelana nohlalutyo lweeseli ezibomvu zegazi ibizwa ngokuba yi-erythrogram, ukongeza ekubonakaliseni ubungakanani beeseli zegazi, eyazisa malunga nomgangatho weeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ebonisa ukuba zikubungakanani obufanelekileyo okanye ngezixa ezinconyelwayo zehemoglobin kuzo, ezinceda ukucacisa oonobangela begazi, umzekelo. Olu lwazi lubonelelwa ngee-indices ze-hematimetric indices, eziyi-HCM, i-VCM, i-CHCM kunye ne-RDW.
Ukuzila ukutya akuyimfuneko kuqokelelo lwayo, nangona kunjalo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ungenzi imisebenzi yomzimba iiyure ezingama-24 ngaphambi koviwo kwaye uhlale iiyure ezingama-48 ngaphandle kokusela naluphi na uhlobo lotywala, njengoko zinokutshintsha iziphumo.
Ezinye iimeko ezinokubonwa kubalo lwegazi zezi:
1. Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, ii-erythrocytes okanye ii-erythrocytes
I-erythrogram yinxalenye yokubala kwegazi apho kuhlaziywa khona iimpawu zeeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ii-erythrocytes, ezikwabizwa ngokuba zii-erythrocytes.
| I-HT okanye i-HCT-Hematocrit | Imele ipesenti yevolumu ekuhlala kuyo iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kwigazi elipheleleyo | Phezulu: Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, i-polycythemia kunye nokutshatyalaliswa; Phantsi: I-anemia, ukulahleka kwegazi ngokweqile, isifo sezintso, i-iron kunye neprotein kunye ne-sepsis. |
| Hb - IHemoglobin | Lelinye lamacandelo egazi abomvu kwaye linoxanduva lokuhambisa ioksijini | Phezulu: Polycythemia, ukusilela kwentliziyo, isifo semiphunga kunye nokuphakama okuphezulu; Phantsi: Ukukhulelwa, i-anemia yokunqongophala kwe-iron, i-megaloblastic anemia, i-thalassemia, umhlaza, ukungondleki, isifo sesibindi kunye ne-lupus. |
Ukongeza kwinani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ubalo lwegazi kufuneka luhlalutye neempawu zazo zokuziphatha, njengoko zinokubonisa nezifo. Olu vavanyo lwenziwa kusetyenziswa ii-indices zehematimetric zilandelayo:
- I-MCV okanye Umndilili weVolumu yeKhompyuter:amanyathelo obungakanani beeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ezinokuthi zonyuswe kwezinye iintlobo ze-anemia, ezinje nge-vitamin B12 okanye i-folic acid, ukunxila okanye utshintsho lomongo wethambo. Ukuba incitshisiwe, inokubonisa i-anemia ngenxa yokusilela kwentsimbi okanye imvelaphi yemfuza, enje ngeThalassemia, umzekelo. Funda nzulu malunga neVCM;
- I-HCM okanye umndilili weHemoglobin yeCorpuscular:ibonisa ingqokelela yehemoglobin iyonke ngokuhlalutya ubungakanani nombala weseli ebomvu yegazi. Jonga ukuba kuthetha ntoni ukuphakama kunye nokuhla kwe-HCM;
- I-CHCM (i-avareji ye-hemoglobin ye-corpuscular concentration): ibonisa uxinzelelo lwe-hemoglobin kwiseli ebomvu yegazi, isiqhelo ukunciphisa kwi-anemias, kwaye le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-hypochromia;
- RDW (Uluhlu lokusasazwa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi): sisalathiso esibonisa ipesenti yokwahluka ngokobungakanani phakathi kweeseli ezibomvu zeesampulu yegazi, ke, ukuba kukho iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezinobungakanani obahlukeneyo kwisampulu, uvavanyo lunokuthi Utshintshwe, onokuba sisalathiso sokuqala kwentsimbi okanye i-vitamin anemia ye-anemias, umzekelo, kunye nexabiso labo lesalathiso liphakathi kwe-10 ukuya kwi-15%. Funda ngakumbi nge-RDW.
Fumana iinkcukacha ezithe kratya malunga nokubala kokubala kwegazi.
2. Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi (iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi)
I-leukogram luvavanyo olubalulekileyo lokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukungakhuseleki komntu kunye nendlela umzimba onokuthi usabele ngayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngezifo kunye nokudumba, umzekelo. Xa uxinzelelo lwe-leukocyte luphezulu, imeko ibizwa ngokuba yi-leukocytosis, kunye ne-reverse, i-leukopenia. Jonga indlela yokuqonda iziphumo zeseli emhlophe.
| Neutrophils | Phezulu:Usulelo, ukudumba, umhlaza, ukwenzakala, uxinzelelo, isifo seswekile okanye igawuthi. Phantsi: Ukungabikho kwe-vitamin B12, i-sickle cell anemia, ukusetyenziswa kwe-steroids, emva kokuhlinzwa okanye i-thrombocytopenic purpura. |
| Iifososophil | Phezulu: Ukaliwa komzimba, ziintshulube, i-anemia eyingozi, ukudumba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi okanye isifo sikaHodgkin. Phantsi: Ukusetyenziswa kwe-beta-blockers, i-corticosteroids, uxinzelelo, usulelo lwebhakteria okanye intsholongwane. |
| Iibhasophils | Phezulu: Emva kokususwa udakada, leukemia ezingapheliyo myeloid, polycythemia, irhashalala okanye isifo sikaHodgkin. Phantsi: Hyperthyroidism, usulelo olunamandla, ukukhulelwa okanye ukothuka kwe-anaphylactic. |
| IiLymphocyte | Phezulu: Mononucleosis ezosulelayo, uqwilikana, imasisi kunye nosulelo olunzima. PhantsiUsulelo okanye ukungondleki. |
| Monocytes | PhezuluI-leukemia ye-Monocytic, isifo sokugcina i-lipid, usulelo lweprotozoal okanye isifo sokudumba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi esinganyangekiyo. Phantsi: Iaplastic anemia. |
3. Iiplatelets
Iiplatelets ngenene ngamaqhekeza eeseli abaluleke kakhulu kuba anoxanduva lokuqala inkqubo yokujiya. Ixabiso leplatelet eliqhelekileyo kufuneka libe phakathi kwe-150,000 ukuya kwi-450,000 / mm³ yegazi.
Iiplatelet eziphakanyisiweyo zinenkxalabo kuba zinokubangela amahlwili egazi kunye ne-thrombi, ngomngcipheko we-thrombosis kunye ne-pulmonary embolism, umzekelo. Xa bencitshisiwe, banokunyusa umngcipheko wokopha. Fumanisa ukuba zeziphi izizathu kunye nento onokuyenza xa usenza iiplatelets ezisezantsi.
Amanqaku Adumileyo
Ukutya okune-asidi
