Hypocalcemia: Iimpawu, oonobangela kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Zintoni izizathu
• Uqinisekisa njani
• Iimpawu eziphambili zeHypocalcemia
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Hypocalcemia kukuncipha kwamanqanaba egazi e-calcium athi, kwiimeko ezininzi, angabangeli naziphi na iimpawu kwaye ihlala ichongwa kwiziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi. Nangona kunjalo, xa inani lecalcium liphantsi kakhulu, iimpawu ezinzima ezinje ngokuqaqamba kwezihlunu, ukudideka kwengqondo kunye nokuxhuzula kunokwenzeka.

I-Hypocalcemia ihlala ivela xa umzimba ungakwazi ukugcina amanqanaba ajikelezayo ejikelezayo e-calcium yasimahla, njengakwi-hypoparathyroidism okanye ukungabikho kwe-vitamin D, umzekelo, kwaye unyango lwenziwa ngokwesizathu, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ubukrakra bale meko. Akukho zimpawu, zifuna ukongezwa kwecalcium.

I-calcium yinto ebalulekileyo yezimbiwa kwimpilo yethambo kunye nemetabolism yomzimba, kwaye amanqanaba ayo egazini alawulwa gland yi-parathyroid kunye ne-vitamin D, elungelelanisa ukufakwa kwe-calcium ekutyeni, ukuhanjiswa emathanjeni nasemzimbeni okanye ukupheliswa kwazo zizintso. Jonga ngakumbi malunga nemisebenzi kunye noncedo lwecalcium yomzimba.

Zintoni izizathu

Izizathu eziphambili ze-hypocalcemia zibandakanya:

• I-Hypoparathyroidism, ngakumbi xa kukho ukwenzakala okanye ukususwa kwamadlala okubola, anokwenzeka ngotyando lwentamo, njengaxa kususwa i-thyroid, okanye i-irradiation ngexesha lonyango lomhlaza, umzekelo;
• I-Pseudo-hypoparathyroidism, xa umzimba uphulukana nobuntununtunu kwaye awunakuphendula kumanqanaba e-PTH, eyihomoni yamadlala e-parathyroid;
• Ukusilela ekuphuhlisweni kwamadlala okubola, njenge-DiGeorge syndrome, echaphazela iintsana;
• Ukusilela kweVitamin D;
• Ukutya okuncinci kwe-calcium okanye i-malabsorption;
• Izifo zezintso, ezithintela ukwenziwa kwe-vitamin D kwaye zinokubangela ukukhutshwa kwe-calcium kumchamo omkhulu;
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza athile, njenge-Asparaginase, i-Cisplatin, i-Rifampicin, i-Ketoconazole, i-anticonvulsants okanye i-bisphosphonates, umzekelo;
• Utshintsho kumanqanaba ezinye izimbiwa eziphazamisa amanqanaba e-calcium, njenge-phosphate egqithisileyo okanye ukungabikho kwemagniziyam;
• Ukunxila rhoqo.

Ukongeza, i-hypocalcemia inokuba yingxaki ye-pancreatitis ebukhali, njengoko ii-acid ezinamafutha ezikhutshwe zii-pancreas ezivuthayo zinokuphazamisa inani le-calcium.

Uqinisekisa njani

I-Hypocalcemia ifunyaniswa ngokulinganisa ikhalsiyam yasimahla egazini, ebizwa ngokuba yi-ionic calcium, engaphantsi kwamanqanaba aqhelekileyo, ekufuneka abephakathi kwe-4 ukuya kwi-5 mg / dl kunye nomthamo wecalcium iyonke ibonisa ukuba ilahlekile xa ingaphantsi kwe-8, 5 mg / dl. Nangona kunjalo, la maxabiso anokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwilabhoratri eqhuba uviwo. Jonga ukuba kwenzeka ntoni xa kukho i-calcium egazini lakho.

Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha usenokufuna ukwenza uvavanyo kwizintso, iihormoni kunye namanqanaba ezinye izinto egazini, ezinje nge-PTH, ivithamin D, iphosphorus kunye nemagnesium, umzekelo, ukuchonga unobangela wengxaki.

Iimpawu eziphambili zeHypocalcemia

Nangona i-hypocalcemia ingazibonakalisi iimpawu kwiimeko ezinobulali, xa amanqanaba e-calcium esiba sezantsi kakhulu okanye ehla ngesiquphe, imiqondiso efana nale:

• Izihlunu zemithambo;
• Ukulinganisa umlomo, izandla neenyawo;
• Ukuxhuzula;
• Ukubila;
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha;
• Amahlaba esiswini;
• Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu.

Xa i-hypocalcemia inganyangeki kwaye ibonakala ngokuthe chu, njengakwi-hypoparathyroidism, ulusu olomileyo, iinzipho eziqhekekileyo, ukulahleka kweenwele kunye nokhukuliseko lwamazinyo nako kunokubonwa, kunye noloyiko, unxunguphalo, ukudideka kwengqondo, ukutshintsha kwememori kunye nokungcangcazela. Funda ngezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zale ngxaki.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-hypocalcemia luxhomekeke kwisizathu, ubungqongqo besimo kunye nobukho okanye ukungabikho kweempawu. Xa kukho i-hypocalcemia eqatha kunye neempawu, ukutshintshwa kwe-calcium, njenge-calcium gluconate okanye i-calcium chloride, iyafuneka ngomthambo, kude kube kukhululeka kwiimpawu.

Kwiimeko zehypocalcemia ethambileyo, izongezo zekhalsiyam kunye nokwanda kokutya kunye necalcium kungabonakaliswa. Jonga uluhlu lokutya okunotye ngecalcium.

Kuyimfuneko ukuphanda unobangela kwaye uyisombulule, enokuthi ibandakanye ukutshintshwa kwemagniziyam, ivithamin D, kunye nonyango lweengxaki zezintso kunye neparathyroid, ukuba sisizathu sehypocalcemia.