Ngaba iSchizophrenia Ilifa?

Umxholo

• Schizophrenia kunye nelifa
• Abanye oonobangela be-schizophrenia
• Zithini iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeschizophrenia?
• Ischizophrenia ichongwa njani?
• Yise kude

ISchizophrenia sisifo sengqondo esinzulu esihlelwa njengesifo sengqondo. I-Psychosis ichaphazela ukucinga komntu, ukuqonda kwakhe kunye nokuziva kwakhe.

Ngokwe-National Alliance kwi-Mental Illness (NAMI), i-schizophrenia ichaphazela malunga neepesenti enye yabantu base-US, ngaphezulu kwamadoda kunabasetyhini.

Schizophrenia kunye nelifa

Ukuba nesihlobo sokuqala (FDR) esine-schizophrenia yenye yeengozi ezinkulu kwesi sifo.

Ngelixa umngcipheko uyi-1 yepesenti kubemi ngokubanzi, ukuba ne-FDR njengomzali okanye umntakwenu onesifo sengqondo esenza ukuba umntu abe nesifo esikhulayo anyuse umngcipheko kwiipesenti ezili-10.

Umngcipheko wehla uye kwiipesenti ezingama-50 ukuba bobabini abazali bafumaniswe ukuba bane-schizophrenia, ngelixa umngcipheko ungama-40 ukuya kuma-65 eepesenti ukuba kufane iwele elifanayo.

Isifundo se-2017 esivela eDenmark esekwe kwidatha yelizwe liphela ngaphezulu kwamawele angama-30,000 aqikelela ubume be-schizophrenia kwiipesenti ezingama-79.

Uphononongo luphelile ukuba, ngokusekelwe kumngcipheko weepesenti ezingama-33 zamawele afanayo, ubungozi be-schizophrenia abusekelwanga kuphela kwimfuza.

Nangona umngcipheko we-schizophrenia uphezulu kumalungu osapho, i-Genetics Home Reference ibonisa ukuba uninzi lwabantu olunesihlobo esisondeleyo neschizophrenia abayi kukhula ngokwabo.

Abanye oonobangela be-schizophrenia

Kunye nemfuza, ezinye izinto ezinokubangela i-schizophrenia zibandakanya:

• Indlela eyiyo. Ukuvezwa kwintsholongwane okanye kwityhefu, okanye ukungafumani sondlo ngaphambi kokuzalwa, kunokunyusa umngcipheko wesifo sengqondo.
• Chemistry yobuchopho. Imicimbi eneekhemikhali zobuchopho, ezinje nge-neurotransmitters dopamine kunye ne-glutamate, inokuba negalelo kwi-schizophrenia.
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi. Ukusetyenziswa kolutsha kunye nokusebenzisa ulutsha ngokutshintsha kwengqondo (psychoactive okanye psychotropic) iziyobisi kunokunyusa umngcipheko weschizophrenia.
• Ukusebenza kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. I-Schizophrenia inokudibaniswa nezifo ezizimele okanye ukuvuvukala.

Zithini iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeschizophrenia?

Ngaphambi kuka-2013, i-schizophrenia yahlulahlulwa yangamacandelwana amahlanu njengeendidi ezahlukeneyo zokuqonda isifo. ISchizophrenia ngoku sesinye isifo.

Nangona ii-subtypes zingasasetyenziswanga kuvavanyo lweklinikhi, amagama ezinto ezincinci anokwaziwa ngabantu abafunyaniswe ngaphambi kweDSM-5 (ngo-2013). Ezi subtypes zakudala zibandakanya:

• paranoid, eneempawu ezinjengokukhohlisa, ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo, kunye nentetho engalungelelananga
• i-hebephrenic okanye i-disorganized, eneempawu ezinjenge-flat impact, ukuphazamiseka kwentetho, kunye nokucinga okungalungelelananga
• ngokungafaniyo, eneempawu ezibonisa isimilo esisebenzayo kuhlobo olungaphezulu kolunye
• intsalela, eneempawu eziye zancipha kubunzulu okoko kwafunyaniswa kwangaphambili
• I-catatonic, eneempawu zokungakwazi ukuhamba, ukuguquka, okanye ukulala

Ischizophrenia ichongwa njani?

Ngokwe-DSM-5, ukufumanisa ukuba une-schizophrenia, ezimbini okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo kufuneka zibekhona ngexesha lenyanga e-1.

Ubuncinci inye kufuneka ibe ngamanani 1, 2, okanye 3 kuluhlu:

1. ukukhohlisa
2. nemibono
3. intetho engalungelelananga
4. ukungalungelelani okukhulu okanye isimilo sekati
5. iimpawu ezingalunganga (ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kweemvakalelo okanye inkuthazo)

I-DSM-5 sisikhokelo sokuchonga isifo kunye neenkcukacha-manani zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo IV, isikhokelo esipapashwe nguMbutho wezengqondo zaseMelika kwaye sisetyenziswa ngoochwephesha ekufumaniseni ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Yise kude

Uphando lubonakalisile ukuba ufuzo okanye ufuzo lunokuba yinto ebalulekileyo enegalelo kuphuhliso lwe-schizophrenia.

Nangona oyena nobangela wesi sifo singaqondakaliyo, abantu abanezihlobo ezine-schizophrenia bahlala benomngcipheko ophezulu wokukhula.